Hyperemesis gravidarum and eating disorders before and after pregnancy: A register-based study.

Objective: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of excessive vomiting during pregnancy. The connection between psychiatric morbidity and HG has been debated, but only a few studies have focused on eating disorders (EDs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between HG and both pre-pregnancy and new post-pregnancy EDs.

Hyperemesis gravidarum: Associations with personal and family history of nausea.

Introduction: The pathogenesis and risk factors for hyperemesis gravidarum, excessive nausea and vomiting of pregnancy, are not adequately recognized. In our previous study, we found that women with a personal history of nausea in different situations and a family history of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) were more likely to have severe NVP. The present study focuses on these themes in association with hyperemesis gravidarum in a hospital setting.

Recalling the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy - a study using Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis Questionnaire.

The accuracy of the recall of the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) with Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) questionnaire has been questioned. We aimed to compare PUQE scores of women recalling the worst episode of NVP of their current pregnancy in different gestational weeks (gwks). Total of 2343 pregnant women (gwks 7-40) were recruited.

Usability of Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis questionnaire in women hospitalised for hyperemesis gravidarum: a prospective cohort study.

Objectives: Pregnancy-Unique Quantification of Emesis (PUQE) questionnaire is mainly used in outpatient care to assess the severity of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP). Our aim was to evaluate the usability of the Finnish-translated PUQE in hospitalised women with hyperemesis gravidarum (HG).

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Sleep quality in women with nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) deteriorates many aspects of daily lives of women. However, little is known about associations between NVP and sleep quality.

Methods: Women attending to routine mid-pregnancy visits in maternity health care clinics in Turku city area and surrounding municipalities, Finland, during 2011-2014, were invited to participate.

From grass-roots activities to national policies - the state of arts and health in Finland.

Background: The recognition of the connection between arts, health and well-being has been growing during the recent two decades in Finland. The arts and health field has evolved from grass-roots activities to more systematic approaches of integrating arts and culture as part of social welfare and healthcare services and health promotion.

Methods: :This paper provides an overview of the current state of the arts and health field in Finland, through an examination of policy developments, practice, research and education.

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: associations with personal history of nausea and affected relatives.

Purpose: To examine whether personal history of nausea or history of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) in relatives are risk factors for a woman to suffer from NVP. Further, to evaluate if these factors are associated with the severity of NVP.

Methods: Cohort study of 2411 pregnant women recruited from maternity health care clinics.

Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy: A study with pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis questionnaire.

Objectives: Nausea and vomiting of pregnancy (NVP) is frequent, affecting up to 70-85% of pregnant women. However, severity of NVP especially in clinical practice is often uncertainly assessed and thus both under- and overdiagnosing is probable. Furthermore, risk factors for NVP, although recognized, are not well established.

Quantitative Prediction of CYP3A4 Induction: Impact of Measured, Free, and Intracellular Perpetrator Concentrations from Human Hepatocyte Induction Studies on Drug-Drug Interaction Predictions.

Typically, concentration-response curves are based upon nominal inducer concentrations for in-vitro-to-in-vivo extrapolation of CYP3A4 induction. The limitation of this practice is that it assumes the hepatocyte culture model is a static system. We assessed whether correcting for: 1) changes in perpetrator concentration in the induction medium during the incubation period, 2) perpetrator binding to proteins in the induction medium, and 3) nonspecific binding of perpetrator can improve the accuracy of CYP3A4 induction predictions.

VX-509 (Decernotinib)-Mediated CYP3A Time-Dependent Inhibition: An Aldehyde Oxidase Metabolite as a Perpetrator of Drug-Drug Interactions.

(R)-2-((2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-3-yl)pyrimidin-4-yl)amino)-2-methyl-N-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)butanamide (VX-509, decernotinib) is an oral Janus kinase 3 inhibitor that has been studied in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis often receive multiple medications, such as statins and steroids, to manage the signs and symptoms of comorbidities, which increases the chances of drug-drug interactions (DDIs). Mechanism-based inhibition is a subset of time-dependent inhibition (TDI) and occurs when a molecule forms a reactive metabolite which irreversibly binds and inactivates drug-metabolizing enzymes, potentially increasing the systemic load to toxic concentrations.

[Heterotopic pregnancy during the second trimester is a severe complication of pregnancy].

Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare form of ectopic pregnancy in which one gestational sac is found in the uterus and another one in an extrauterine location. The spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy of our patient continued until the second trimester. In the 19th week of pregnancy, undiagnosed ectopic pregnancy in the left fallopian tube ruptured into the abdominal cavity, leading to a massive intra-abdominal hemorrhage.

Prolonged low-molecular-weight heparin use during pregnancy and subsequent bone mineral density.

Introduction: In contrast to unfractionated heparin (UFH), use of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) during pregnancy has not been reported to be associated with a significant decrease in bone mineral density (BMD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether long-term use of LMWH during pregnancy is associated with subsequent decrease in BMD or with increased number of osteoporotic fractures.

Materials And Methods: In this observational cohort study BMD was measured by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) 4-7years after the last delivery in 152 women.

Discovery of VX-509 (Decernotinib): A Potent and Selective Janus Kinase 3 Inhibitor for the Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases.

While several therapeutic options exist, the need for more effective, safe, and convenient treatment for a variety of autoimmune diseases persists. Targeting the Janus tyrosine kinases (JAKs), which play essential roles in cell signaling responses and can contribute to aberrant immune function associated with disease, has emerged as a novel and attractive approach for the development of new autoimmune disease therapies. We screened our compound library against JAK3, a key signaling kinase in immune cells, and identified multiple scaffolds showing good inhibitory activity for this kinase.

Effect of smoking on use of antibacterials: a 9-year follow-up study of 24 000 working-aged Finns.

Background: Previous studies indicate an association between tobacco smoking and infectious diseases. However, large population-based follow-up studies including both accurate measurements of smoking behaviour and confounders and a reliable register-based follow-up of infections are lacking.

Objective: To examine the effect of smoking on use of antibacterials as an indicator of infections among working-aged population.

Low plasma antibodies specific for phosphatidylethanol in alcohol abusers and patients with alcoholic pancreatitis.

Phosphatidylethanol (PEth) is a group of alcohol-modified phospholipids present in cell membranes after heavy drinking. Our aim was to demonstrate the presence of human plasma antibodies binding to PEth and to address their specificity and value in detecting subjects engaged in heavy alcohol consumption. Antibodies to PEth were analyzed in plasma from heavy drinkers (n=20), patients with alcoholic pancreatitis (n=58) and control subjects (n=24), using chemiluminescent immunoassay.

Production and purification of lentiviral vectors generated in 293T suspension cells with baculoviral vectors.

Lentivirus can be engineered to be a highly potent vector for gene therapy applications. However, generation of clinical grade vectors in enough quantities for therapeutic use is still troublesome and limits the preclinical and clinical experiments. As a first step to solve this unmet need we recently introduced a baculovirus-based production system for lentiviral vector (LV) production using adherent cells.

Attenuated expression of tenascin-C in ovalbumin-challenged STAT4-/- mice.

Background: Asthma leads to structural changes in the airways, including the modification of extracellular matrix proteins such as tenascin-C. The role of tenascin-C is unclear, but it might act as an early initiator of airway wall remodelling, as its expression is increased in the mouse and human airways during allergic inflammation. In this study, we examined whether Th1 or Th2 cells are important regulators of tenascin-C in experimental allergic asthma utilizing mice with impaired Th1 (STAT4-/-) or Th2 (STAT6-/-) immunity.

Smoking strongly predicts disability retirement due to COPD: the Finnish Twin Cohort Study.

No previous studies on the association of smoking behaviour with disability retirement due to register verified chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exist. This 30-yr follow-up study examined how strongly aspects of cigarette smoking predict disability retirement due to COPD. The study population consisted of 24,043 adult Finnish twins (49.

In vitro and in vivo isotope effects with hepatitis C protease inhibitors: enhanced plasma exposure of deuterated telaprevir versus telaprevir in rats.

Telaprevir 2 (VX-950), an inhibitor of the hepatitis C virus (HCV(a)) NS3-4A protease, is in phase 3 clinical trials. One of the major metabolites of 2 is its P1-(R)-diastereoisomer, 3 (VRT-394), containing an inversion at the chiral center next to the alpha-ketoamide on exchange of a proton with solvent. Compound 3 is approximately 30-fold less active against HCV protease.

Biological and genetic interaction between tenascin C and neuropeptide S receptor 1 in allergic diseases.

Neuropeptide S receptor 1 (NPSR1, GPRA 154, GPRA) has been verified as a susceptibility gene for asthma and related phenotypes. The ligand for NPSR1, Neuropeptide S (NPS), activates signalling through NPSR1 and microarray analysis has identified Tenascin C (TNC) as a target gene of NPS-NPSR1 signalling. TNC has previously been implicated as a risk gene for asthma.

Evaluation of mesoporous TCPSi, MCM-41, SBA-15, and TUD-1 materials as API carriers for oral drug delivery.

The feasibility of four mesoporous materials composed of biocompatible Si (TCPSi) or SiO(2) (MCM-41, SBA-15, and TUD-1) were evaluated for oral drug delivery applications. The main focus was to study the effect of the materials different pore systems (unidirectional/2D/3D) and their pore diameters, pore size distributions, pore volumes on the maximal drug load capacity, and release profiles of a loaded active pharmaceutical ingredient. Ibuprofen was used as the model drug.

Surface chemistry and pore size affect carrier properties of mesoporous silicon microparticles.

Six different types of mesoporous silicon microparticles were prepared to evaluate the effect of surface treatment and pore sizes on their properties as drug carriers. The studied porous silicon particles were as-anodized, thermally carbonized (TCPSi) and thermally oxidized (TOPSi) in addition to three novel ones: annealed TCPSi, annealed TOPSi and thermally hydrocarbonized porous silicon (THCPSi). Drug dissolution at pH 5.

Effect of cell differentiation and passage number on the expression of efflux proteins in wild type and vinblastine-induced Caco-2 cell lines.

The mRNA level expression of MDR1, MRP1-6, BCRP and CYP3A4 was determined by quantitative PCR in wild type (Caco-2WT) and vinblastine-treated (Caco-2VBL) Caco-2 cells at different passage levels (32-53). Differentiation increased the mRNA levels of MDR1, BCRP and all the MRPs except MRP4. Corresponding mRNA levels were observed in Caco-2WT and Caco-2VBL, except that the expression of MRD1 was higher in Caco-2VBL than in Caco-2WT cells.

Chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The Finnish Action Programme, interim report.

The Finnish National Prevention and Treatment Programme for Chronic Bronchitis and COPD, launched in 1998, has, to date, been running for 6 years (2003). The goals of this action programme were to reduce the incidence of COPD and the number of moderate and severe cases of the disease, and to reduce both the number of days of hospitalisation and treatment costs. A prevalent implementation of over 250 information and training events started.

Enhanced in vitro permeation of furosemide loaded into thermally carbonized mesoporous silicon (TCPSi) microparticles.

The combined release and permeation behavior of furosemide loaded into thermally carbonized mesoporous silicon (TCPSi) microparticles was studied in order to evaluate the potential of TCPSi-loading to improve permeation of furosemide, a BCS class IV compound. Permeation was studied across Caco-2 monolayers at pH 5.5, 6.