Association of Safety-Net Hospital Status With Outcomes Following Head and Neck Cancer Operations.

Objective: To assess perioperative and readmission outcomes of patients undergoing head and neck cancer (HNCA) surgery at safety-net hospitals (SNHs) in a modern cohort.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD), 2010 to 2019.

A 22-year single institution review of 119 cases of salivary duct carcinoma.

Objective: Salivary duct carcinoma (SDC) is a rare and aggressive salivary gland malignancy. Herein, we present the largest single-institution review of SDC to date.

Methods: This is a retrospective cohort study of all histologically confirmed cases of SDC seen at our institution from January 1, 2002, to August 1, 2022.

Sensory nerve release of CGRP increases tumor growth in HNSCC by suppressing TILs.

Background: Perineural invasion (PNI) and nerve density within the tumor microenvironment (TME) have long been associated with worse outcomes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This prompted an investigation into how nerves within the tumor microenvironment affect the adaptive immune system and tumor growth.

Methods: We used RNA sequencing analysis of human tumor tissue from a recent HNSCC clinical trial, proteomics of human nerves from HNSCC patients, and syngeneic orthotopic murine models of HPV-unrelated HNSCC to investigate how sensory nerves modulate the adaptive immune system.

Oncologic Safety of Close Margins in Patients With Low- to Intermediate-Grade Major Salivary Gland Carcinoma.

Importance: Postoperative radiation therapy for close surgical margins in low- to intermediate-grade salivary carcinomas lacks multi-institutional supportive evidence.

Objective: To evaluate the oncologic outcomes for low- and intermediate-grade salivary carcinomas with close and positive margins.

Design, Setting, And Participants: The American Head and Neck Society Salivary Gland Section conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2010 to 2019 at 41 centers.

Positive Outcome Bias in the Influential Otolaryngology Clinical Trial Literature.

Objective: To assess for the presence of positive outcome bias in the otolaryngology clinical trial literature. Specifically, we investigate the prevalence of clinical trials with positive findings (CTP) and clinical trials with negative findings (CTN), as well as their quality of evidence and subsequent impact.

Study Design: Retrospective analysis.

Anticancer effects of thymoquinone in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: A scoping review.

Objective: Thymoquinone (TQ), the active constituent of , has been shown to have anticancer effects in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This review aims to outline the properties of TQ, the known drivers in HNSCC formation, and summarize the anticancer effects of TQ in SCC.

Data Sources: Three databases (PubMed, Embase, and Google Scholar) were queried for the key words "thymoquinone squamous cell carcinoma.

Real-Time Intraoperative Detection of Margins for Oral Cavity Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Obtaining negative surgical cancer margins is the strongest predictor for the long-term survival of oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma patients. To verify that the tumor has been completely removed, surgeons rely on pathologic evaluation of frozen sections to determine surgical margins, which can be time-consuming and subjective. Herein, we detail the real-time intraoperative use of dynamic optical contrast imaging (DOCI), a novel imaging modality that rapidly distinguishes head and neck cancer from healthy adjacent tissues based on fluorescence decay information from spectral bands in the UV-VIS range.

Establishing Healthy Lifestyle Choices Early: How to Counsel Children and Their Parents.

Promoting childhood and adolescent health and long-term well-being requires an emphasis on preventative care and anticipatory guidance. In this review, the authors will focus on pertinent ear, nose, and throat preventative health in children, providing clinicians with relevant and succinct information to counsel children and their parents on the following essential subjects: foreign body aspiration and ingestion, upper respiratory infection prevention, noise exposure risks, aural hygiene, risks of primary and secondhand smoke exposure, and sleep hygiene.

Survival in Middle Ear Malignancy: A Population-Based Analysis Based on the SEER Database.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the clinical features and survival outcomes of patients with middle ear malignancies at a population level.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study with data from a national database.

Setting: National database of middle ear malignancy.

Anosmia in COVID-19: Mechanisms and Significance.

The global pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by SARS-CoV-2 remains a challenge for prevention due to asymptomatic or paucisymptomatic patients. Anecdotal and preliminary evidence from multiple institutions shows that these patients present with a sudden onset of anosmia without rhinitis. We aim to review the pathophysiology of anosmia related to viral upper respiratory infections and the prognostic implications.

Primary Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma of the Head and Neck: A Population-Based Analysis.

Objective: To characterize the epidemiology and clinicopathologic determinants of survival following the diagnosis of clear cell adenocarcinoma in the head and neck region.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Setting: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry (1994 to 2014).

Understanding nationwide readmissions after parotidectomy.

Objectives: To evaluate the incidence, causes, risk factors, and costs associated with 30-day readmissions in parotidectomy patients utilizing the Nationwide Readmissions Database (NRD).

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Methods: We examined the NRD for patients who underwent parotidectomy between 2010 and 2014.

Patterns of care and survival impact of adjuvant chemoradiotherapy for oropharyngeal cancer with intermediate-risk features.

Background: Survival outcomes for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (aCRT) and adjuvant radiotherapy (aRT) were compared in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) with intermediate-risk features.

Methods: We identified 2164 patients with OPSCC in the National Cancer Database without positive margins or extracapsular extension and with at least one intermediate-risk feature: pT3-T4 disease, ≥two positive lymph nodes, level IV/V nodal disease, and/or lymphovascular invasion. We assessed predictors of aCRT use and covariables impacting overall survival.

Oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma survival as stratified by age and sex: A surveillance, epidemiology, and end results analysis.

Objectives/hypothesis: To utilize the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database to elucidate differences in predictors of survival in oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) as stratified by age and sex.

Study Design: Retrospective, population-based database analysis.

Methods: The SEER registry was utilized to calculate survival trends for patients with OTSCC between 1973 and 2012.

A Targeted Swallow Screen for the Detection of Postoperative Dysphagia in Liver Transplant Patients.

Introduction: Postoperative dysphagia leads to aspiration pneumonia, prolonged hospital stay, and is associated with increased mortality. We have demonstrated the validity of a bedside targeted swallow evaluation following cardiac surgery. Since dysphagia following liver transplantation is not well examined, we evaluated the efficacy of this swallow screen method in postoperative liver transplant patients.

Incidence of Cerebral Microemboli in Single-Dose vs. Multidose Cardioplegia in Adult Cardiac Surgery.

Cerebral microemboli have been associated with neurocognitive deficits after cardiac operations using cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Interventions by the perfusionist and alterations in blood flow account for a large proportion of previously unexplained microemboli. This study compared the incidence of microemboli during cardiac operations using conventional (multidose) and del Nido (single-dose) cardioplegia delivery.

The Incidence of Dysphagia Among Patients Undergoing TAVR With Either General Anesthesia or Moderate Sedation.

Objectives: To determine the incidence of dysphagia and aspiration pneumonia following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) performed with either general anesthesia (GA) or moderate sedation (MS).

Design: Retrospective study.

Setting: Tertiary care university hospital.

Readmission and resource utilization after orthotopic heart transplant versus ventricular assist device in the National Readmissions Database, 2010-2014.

Background: As the technology of ventricular assist devices continues to improve, the morbidity and mortality for patients with a ventricular assist device is expected to approach that of orthotopic heart transplantation. The present study was performed to compare perioperative outcomes, readmission, and resource utilization between ventricular assist device implantation and orthotopic heart transplantation, using a national cohort.

Methods: Patients who underwent either orthotopic heart transplantation or ventricular assist device implantation from 2010 to 2014 in the National Readmission Database were selected.

Surgical Hand Tracking in Open Surgery Using a Versatile Motion Sensing System: Are We There Yet?

With changes in work hour limitations, there is an increasing need for objective determination of technical proficiency. Electromagnetic hand-motion analysis has previously shown only time to completion and number of movements to correlation with expertise. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of hand-motion-tracking analysis in determining surgical skill proficiency.

CHADS2 score predicts atrial fibrillation following cardiac surgery.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) following cardiac surgery portends higher morbidity and increased health expenditure. Although many anatomic and patient risk factors have been identified, a simple clinical scoring system to identify high-risk patients is lacking. The CHADS2 score is widely used to predict the risk of stroke in patients with AF.