Effectiveness of intracuff alkalinized lidocaine associated with intravenous dexamethasone in reducing laryngotracheal morbidity in children undergoing general anesthesia for tonsillectomy: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Postoperative sore throat is one of the main postoperative complaints in patients undergoing tonsillectomy. As the primary outcome, we aimed to determine whether endotracheal tube cuffs filled with alkalinized lidocaine are associated with a lower incidence of postoperative sore throat and anesthesia emergence phenomena in children undergoing tonsillectomy or adenotonsillectomy. We also assessed the potential additional benefits of IV dexamethasone in reducing postoperative laryngotracheal morbidity.

Impact of colloids or crystalloids in renal function assessed by NGAL and KIM-1 after hysterectomy: randomized controlled trial.

Background: Hydroxyethyl starches are colloids used in fluid therapy that may reduce volume infusion compared with crystalloids, but they can affect renal function in critical care patients. This study aims to assess renal effects of starches using renal biomarkers in the perioperative setting.

Methods: This prospective, controlled, randomized study compared Hydroxyethyl starch 6% (HES) with Ringer's lactate (RL) in hysterectomy.

[Should maternal anesthesia delay breastfeeding? A systematic review of the literature].

Introduction: The importance and benefits of breastfeeding for the babies and mothers are well established and documented in the literature. However, it is frequent that lactating mothers need to undergo general or spinal anesthesia and, due to the lack of information, many of them interrupt breastfeeding after anesthesia. There are limited data available regarding anesthetics transfer to breast milk.

Ultrasound as a safe and reliable guidance for subarachnoid puncture in rabbits.

Purpose:: To evaluate a model for studying the toxicity in nervous tissue and meninges using ultrasound to guide needle insertion into the subarachnoid space of rabbits, with the objective of avoiding injuries triggered by the puncture and by intraneural injection of solutions.

Methods:: Forty-five adult female rabbits were divided into 3 groups (G): G1 underwent subarachnoid puncture, G2 underwent subarachnoid injection of saline solution and G3 underwent subarachnoid injection of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine.

Quality of recovery from anesthesia of patients undergoing balanced or total intravenous general anesthesia. Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Study Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the quality of recovery from anesthesia of patients subjected to otorhinolaryngological (ORL) surgery under balanced or total intravenous general anesthesia by means of Quality of Recovery-40 (QoR-40) questionnaire.

Design: Prospective randomized clinical trial.

Setting: The setting is at an operating room, a postoperative recovery area, and a hospital ward.

Clinical and Histological Effects of the Intrathecal Administration of a Single Dose of Dexmedetomidine in Rabbits.

Background: There is experimental evidence that dexmedetomidine has neuroprotective effects. So, it could be expected that its intrathecal or epidural administration presents no harm. However, whether dexmedetomidine is neurotoxic to the spinal cord remains to be fully elucidated.

Does Spinal Block Through Tattooed Skin Cause Histological Changes in Nervous Tissue and Meninges?: An Experimental Model in Rabbits.

Background And Objectives: Although there is no documented evidence that tattoo pigments can cause neurological complications, the implications of performing neuraxial anesthesia through tattooed skin are unknown. In this study, we aimed to assess whether spinal puncture performed through tattooed skin of rabbits determines changes over the spinal cord and meninges. In addition, we sought to evaluate the presence of ink fragments entrapped in spinal needles.

Serum cystatin C is a sensitive early marker for changes in the glomerular filtration rate in patients undergoing laparoscopic surgery.

Objective: Pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopy results in transient oliguria and decreased glomerular filtration and renal blood flow. The presence of oliguria and elevated serum creatinine is suggestive of acute renal injury. Serum cystatin C has been described as a new marker for the detection of this type of injury.

[Hypothermia prevention during surgery: comparison between thermal mattress and thermal blanket].

This study aimed to compare the efficiency of the thermal blanket and thermal mattress in the prevention of hypothermia during surgery. Thirty-eight randomized patients were divided into two groups (G1 - thermal blanket and G2 - thermal mattress). The variables studied were: length of surgery, length of stay in the post-anesthetic care unit, period without using the device after thermal induction, transport time from the operating room to post-anesthetic care unit, intraoperative fluid infusion, surgery size, anesthetic technique, age, body mass index, esophageal, axillary and operating room temperature.

Continuous measurement of cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO₂) for assessment of cardiovascular status during hemorrhagic shock in a swine model.

Background: Early trauma care is dependent on subjective assessments and sporadic vital sign assessments. We hypothesized that near-infrared spectroscopy-measured cerebral oxygenation (regional oxygen saturation [rSO₂]) would provide a tool to detect cardiovascular compromise during active hemorrhage. We compared rSO₂ with invasively measured mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO₂), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac output, heart rate, and calculated pulse pressure.

The effect of intracuff alkalinized 2% lidocaine on emergence coughing, sore throat, and hoarseness in smokers.

Objective: We evaluated whether endotracheal tube (ETT) intracuff alkalinized lidocaine was superior to saline in blunting emergence coughing, postoperative sore throat, and hoarseness in smokers.

Methods: In our prospective, double-blind trial, we enrolled 50 smoking patients undergoing surgery under general anesthesia including nitrous oxide (N2O). Patients were randomly allocated to receive either ETT intracuff 2% lidocaine plus 8.

Fluid resuscitation using the intraosseous route: infusion with lactated Ringer's and hetastarch.

Objective: The effectiveness of the intraosseous (IO) route for fluid resuscitation remains uncertain. This study compares IO infusion rates and estimated volume expansion using clinically relevant infusion pressures with lactated Ringer's (LR) and hetastarch (HES).

Methods: IO needles were placed in the sternum or tibia for infusion of HES and LR in 8 Yorkshire pigs.

Clinical and histological effects of the intrathecal administration of methylprednisolone in dogs.

Background: Methylprednisolone is one of the most commonly used steroids for management of chronic back pain via epidural injection. Its inadvertent injection into the intrathecal space is associated with complications such as adhesive arachnoiditis.

Objective: The present study aimed to assess the clinical and histological changes associated with the injection of methylprednisolone into the intrathecal space of dogs.

Effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air versus filled with alkalinized lidocaine: a randomized clinical trial.

Context And Objective: High intracuff pressure in endotracheal tubes (ETs) may cause tracheal lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of endotracheal tube cuffs filled with air or with alkalinized lidocaine.

Design And Setting: This was a prospective clinical study at the Department of Anesthesiology, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista.

[The use of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgery.].

Background And Objectives: The use of alpha2-adrenergic agonists is increasingly more frequent in Anesthesiology, as adjuvant or the sole anesthetic drug. Currently, dexmedetomidine is gaining popularity due to its greater selectivity for the alpha2-adrenergic receptors and its pharmacokinetic profile. The aim of this review was to analyze the use of dexmedetomidine in neurosurgery.

[Hoarseness after tracheal intubation.].

Background And Objectives: To describe the main causes of hoarseness after undergoing tracheal intubation.

Contents: Hoarseness is one of the most common postoperatory symptoms after tracheal intubation and the effects vary in terms of duration, depending on the factors that caused it and on how severe the damage to the laryngeal structures. This study performed a brief check-up of the anatomical structures of the larynx, describing the main traumatic lesions in the region following tracheal intubation.

[Prevention of itching after spinal sufentanil: effects of droperidol, nalbuphine, ondansetron and the association of them.].

Background And Objectives: Spinal opioids may cause some undesirable effects, the most frequent of which is itching. In spite of its low morbidity rate, itching may cause severe discomfort to patients in addition to prolonging hospital stay. This study aimed at evaluating different therapeutic options to prevent itching after spinal sufentanil.

[Anesthesia in obstetric patient with sickle cell anemia and thalassemic trait after plasmapheresis: case report].

Background And Objectives: Plasmapheresis is the technique of choice for severe hemolytic anemia patients. A consequence is plasma cholinesterase depletion, which interferes with metabolism of some neuromuscular blockers currently used in anesthesiology.

Case Report: Pregnant patient, 26 years old, physical status ASA IV, 30 weeks and 3 days gestational age, with sickle cell anemia, thalassemic trait and allo-immunization for high frequency antigens.

[Cardiac arrest during anesthesia at a tertiary teaching hospital: prospective survey from 1996 to 2002.].

Background And Objectives: Cardiac arrest (CA) incidence and causes during anesthesia are variable and difficult to be compared due design variations of major studies. This survey aimed at evaluating all intra and postoperative CA from 1996 to 2002 at a tertiary teaching hospital to determine CA incidence and causes.

Methods: The prospective incidence of CA during 40,941 anesthesias was identified from a database.

Does sealing endotracheal tube cuff pressure diminish the frequency of postoperative laryngotracheal complaints after nitrous oxide anesthesia?

Study Objectives: To study endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff pressures during nitrous oxide (N2O) anesthesia when the cuffs are inflated with air to achieve sealing pressure, and to evaluate the frequency of postoperative laryngotracheal complaints.

Design: Prospective, randomized, blind study.

Setting: Metropolitan teaching hospital.

Effects of clonidine associated to hyperbaric bupivacaine during high-level spinal anesthesia.

Background And Objectives: Published data suggest that clonidine, an alpha2-adrenergic agonist, in association with bupivacaine, may increase the incidence of intraoperative hypotension and bradycardia during high-level spinal anesthesia. This study aimed at determining the synergistic potential of two clonidine doses (45 and 75 microg) and hyperbaric bupivacaine on characteristics and hemodynamic effects of high-level (T4) spinal anesthesia.

Methods: Participated in this randomized double-blind study, 60 ASA I patients scheduled for lower abdominal and limb surgery.