Variants and vaccines impact nasal immunity over three waves of SARS-CoV-2.

Viral variant and host vaccination status impact infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), yet how these factors shift cellular responses in the human nasal mucosa remains uncharacterized. We performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on nasopharyngeal swabs from vaccinated and unvaccinated adults with acute Delta and Omicron SARS-CoV-2 infections and integrated with data from acute infections with ancestral SARS-CoV-2. Patients with Delta and Omicron exhibited greater similarity in nasal cell composition driven by myeloid, T cell and SARS-CoV-2 cell subsets, which was distinct from that of ancestral cases.

An enhanced IL17 and muted type I interferon nasal epithelial cell state characterizes severe COVID-19 with fungal coinfection.

Unlabelled: Recent case reports and epidemiological data suggest that fungal infections represent an underappreciated complication among people with severe COVID-19. However, the frequency of fungal colonization in patients with COVID-19 and associations with specific immune responses in the airways remain incompletely defined. We previously generated a single-cell RNA-sequencing data set characterizing the upper respiratory microenvironment during COVID-19 and mapped the relationship between disease severity and the local behavior of nasal epithelial cells and infiltrating immune cells.

USA millennial and non-millennial beef consumers perception of beef, pork, and chicken.

Millennials have been shown to have distinctly different behaviors; however, factors affecting their liking of beef, pork and chicken has not been fully elucidated. As millennials are current and future animal protein consumers, the question of if they have different drivers of liking for beef, pork, and chicken has not been answered. Top loin steaks cooked to 58.

Postpartum Treatment for Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Among People With Opioid Use Disorder: A Prospective Pilot Clinical Trial.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility and acceptability of postpartum hepatitis C virus (HCV) treatment integrated within a substance use treatment program for pregnant and postpartum people with opioid use disorder (OUD).

Methods: We conducted a prospective pilot clinical trial of sofosbuvir/velpatasvir (SOF/VEL) treatment among postpartum people with OUD and HCV. Feasibility outcomes included rates of HCV treatment utilization and completion, medication adherence, and sustained virologic response 12 weeks after treatment completion (SVR12).

Comparative Genomic Insights into Bacterial Induction of Larval Settlement and Metamorphosis in the Upside-Down Jellyfish .

Bacteria are important mediators of the larval transition from pelagic to benthic environments for marine organisms. Bacteria can therefore dictate species distribution and success of an individual. Despite the importance of marine bacteria to animal ecology, the identity of inductive microbes for many invertebrates are unknown.

A focused retrospective study on differences in IBD characteristics between Black and White patients in the south.

Background: Most facets of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) have not been thoroughly compared among minority populations, including Black patients. Our study was designed to characterize the demographics, phenotypes, outcomes, healthcare utilization, and treatment of IBD in a large cohort with 38% Black patients.

Methods: Electronic health records of 3272 IBD patients seen in a tertiary academic medical network from 2012 to July 15th, 2019 were analyzed.

Black Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Have Lower Response to Antitumor Necrosis Factor Agents Compared With White Patients.

Background: Most studies on the safety and efficacy of antitumor necrosis factor alpha (anti-TNF) agents in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease have included few Black patients.

Aims: We aimed to evaluate the therapeutic response rate in Black IBD patients compared with White patients.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of IBD patients who were treated with anti-TNF agents and assessed those with therapeutic drug levels for clinical, endoscopic, and radiologic response to anti-TNF treatment.

Severe COVID-19 is associated with fungal colonization of the nasopharynx and potent induction of IL-17 responses in the nasal epithelium.

Recent case reports and epidemiological data suggest fungal infections represent an under-appreciated complication among people with severe COVID-19. However, the frequency of fungal colonization in patients with COVID-19 and associations with specific immune responses in the airways remain incompletely defined. We previously generated a single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) dataset characterizing the upper respiratory microenvironment during COVID-19, and mapped the relationship between disease severity and the local behavior of nasal epithelial cells and infiltrating immune cells.

Cross-sectional survey of the Mental health and Addictions effects, Service impacts and Care needs of children, youth and families during the COVID-19 pandemic: the COVID-19 MASC study protocol.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a tremendous negative effect on the mental health and well-being of Canadians. These mental health challenges are especially acute among vulnerable Canadian populations. People living in Canada's most populous province, Ontario, have spent prolonged time in lockdown and under public health measures and there is a gap in our understanding of how this has impacted the mental health system.

Beef flavor vegetable hamburger patties with high moisture meat analogs (HMMA) with pulse proteins-peas, lentils, and faba beans.

Pulses have been an excellence source of foods due to their nutritional profile including high protein content. In addition, they have less concerns about allergens, gluten, and genetically modified organisms. In this study, high moisture meat analogs (HMMA) that contained commercial pea protein (55.

Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19.

SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause severe respiratory COVID-19. However, many individuals present with isolated upper respiratory symptoms, suggesting potential to constrain viral pathology to the nasopharynx. Which cells SARS-CoV-2 primarily targets and how infection influences the respiratory epithelium remains incompletely understood.

The gut microbiome of COVID-19 recovered patients returns to uninfected status in a minority-dominated United States cohort.

To investigate the relationship between intestinal microbiota and SARS-CoV-2-mediated pathogenicity in a United States, majority African American cohort. We prospectively collected fecal samples from 50 SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, 9 SARS-CoV-2 recovered patients, and 34 uninfected subjects seen by the hospital with unrelated respiratory medical conditions (controls). 16S rRNA sequencing and qPCR analysis was performed on fecal DNA/RNA.

Impaired local intrinsic immunity to SARS-CoV-2 infection in severe COVID-19.

Infection with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, can lead to severe lower respiratory illness including pneumonia and acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can result in profound morbidity and mortality. However, many infected individuals are either asymptomatic or have isolated upper respiratory symptoms, which suggests that the upper airways represent the initial site of viral infection, and that some individuals are able to largely constrain viral pathology to the nasal and oropharyngeal tissues. Which cell types in the human nasopharynx are the primary targets of SARS-CoV-2 infection, and how infection influences the cellular organization of the respiratory epithelium remains incompletely understood.

Feasibility and acceptability of using a web-based contraceptive support tool in a university health clinic.

To evaluate feasibility of integrating Bedsider.org, a web-based contraceptive decision support tool, at a university health clinic (UHC). Female students (ages 18-29) seeking contraceptive care at the UHC were enrolled in September 2015 ( = 46).

Opioid Detoxification During Pregnancy: A Systematic Review.

Objective: To systematically review maternal and neonatal outcomes associated with opioid detoxification during pregnancy.

Data Sources: PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases were searched from January 1, 1966, to September 1, 2016.

Recurrent breast abscess caused by Gordonia bronchialis in an immunocompetent patient.

We present the first reported case of a recurrent breast infection caused by Gordonia bronchialis. The infection occurred in a 43-year-old immunocompetent female, and species level identification was obtained with 16S rRNA sequencing.

Unique morphological alterations of the HTLV-I transformed C8166 cells by infection with HIV-1.

C8166 cells express T lymphocyte markers, a monocyte-specific esterase, taxpolypeptide of HTLV-I. In spite of this transactivator, their HIV-1 yield is low. Their culture conditions were modified, and infected cells were immobilized on a poly-L-lysine sheet under semisolid overlays to study their phenotypic alterations and HIV-1 production by microscopy and electron microscopy.

A study of cadmium transport pathways using the Caco-2 cell model.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism by which cadmium (Cd2+) crosses the intestinal epithelium using a Caco-2 cell model. Experimentation was designed to determine which of several possible pathways of transport are operative. These pathways include passive diffusion, transport via a calcium pathway, sulfhydryl-mediated transport, and carrier-mediated (active transport and/or facilitated diffusion) transport.

Inorganic mercury chloride-induced apoptosis in the cultured porcine renal cell line LLC-PK1.

HgCl2 is known to be a renal toxin, but its mechanisms of toxicity are not well understood. The cell line LLC-PK1 was used as a model for renal proximal tubule cells, and the effects of different concentrations of HgCl2 were studied. Apoptosis in response to 35 microM HgCl2 was confirmed by observation of morphological features characteristic of apoptotic cells as well as cleavage of chromosomal DNA into fragments of multiples of 200 base pairs.

Peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors.

Since their first description as anomalous high affinity diazepam binding sites in rat peripheral tissues, the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) has been increasingly studied to better understand nonneural effects of the benzodiazepines. The mammalian PBR is ubiquitously distributed with high concentrations in the outer mitochondrial membrane of secretory tissues. In regions of the brain, the density of PBR can equal or exceed the density of central-type benzodiazepine receptors.