Integral-Omics: Serial Extraction and Profiling of Metabolome, Lipidome, Genome, Transcriptome, Whole Proteome and Phosphoproteome Using Biopsy Tissue.

The integrative multiomics characterization of minute amounts of clinical tissue specimens has become increasingly important. Here, we present an approach called Integral-Omics, which enables sequential extraction of metabolites, lipids, genomic DNA, total RNA, proteins, and phosphopeptides from a single biopsy-level tissue specimen. We benchmarked this method with various samples, applied the workflow to perform multiomics profiling of tissues from six patients with colorectal cancer, and found that tumor tissues exhibited suppressed ferroptosis pathways at multiomics levels.

HCP-to-FCC Phase Transformation of Ruthenium Nanocrystals Selectively Activate Hydrogen Peroxide for Boosting Peroxidase-like Activity.

Due to the simultaneous activation of hydrogen peroxide (HO) and oxygen, Ru nanocrystals exhibit inherent peroxidase- and oxidase-like activities, thereby limiting their extensive application in biosensing. Phase engineering of Ru nanocrystals holds great promise for enhancing catalytic activity and selectivity but remains a challenge. Here, highly active Ru nanocrystals with a metastable face-centered cubic (fcc) structure were successfully synthesized via a facile wet-chemical method followed by an etching step, enabling selective activation of HO and demonstrating promising peroxidase-like activity.

Using Large Language Models to Assist Antimicrobial Resistance Policy Development: Integrating the Environment into Health Protection Planning.

Increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a substantial threat to global health and economies, which has led many countries and regions to develop AMR National Action Plans (NAPs). However, inadequate logistical capacity, funding, and essential information can hinder NAP policymaking, especially in low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs). Therefore, major gaps exist between aspirations and actions, such as fully operationalized environmental AMR surveillance programs in NAPs.

Platinum(IV)-Backboned Polymer Prodrug-Functionalized Manganese Oxide Nanoparticles for Enhanced Lung Cancer Chemoimmunotherapy via Amplifying Stimulator of Interferon Genes Activation.

The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway exhibits great potential in remodeling the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and initiating antitumor immunity. However, how to effectively activate STING and avoid undesired toxicity after systemic administration remains challenging. Herein, platinum(IV)-backboned polymer prodrug-coated manganese oxide nanoparticles (DHP/MnONP) with pH/redox dual responsive properties are developed to precisely release cisplatin and Mn in the tumor microenvironment and synergistically amplify STING activation.

Ultra-robust Single-Ion Conducting Composite Electrolytes for Stable Li-Metal Batteries.

With significantly high lithium-ion (Li) transport efficiency, single-ion conducting polymer electrolytes (SIPEs) often suffer from low ionic conductivity due to the covalently bonded anions to the polymer backbone. Adding plasticizers to SIPEs to improve ionic conductivity usually reduces the polymer matrix's mechanical robustness, negatively affecting overall performance as solid electrolytes. Herein, to surpass such a trade-off relationship, we successfully designed a single-ion conducting composite membrane (c-SIPM60) with cross-linked linear SIPEs and incorporated glass-mesh substrate, which shows a cation transport number close to 1, ultrahigh tensile strength of 22 MPa (modulus of 547.

Effect of timing of antibiotic use on premature rupture of membranes and its impact on reproductive tract infection and fetal membrane cell scorching indicators.

The study was designed to appraise the effects of early antibiotic administration on reproductive tract infections and fetal membrane cell scorching in instances of premature rupture of membranes (PROM). A total of 107 pregnant women diagnosed with PROM between July 2020 and June 2022 were randomly assigned to two groups: the Intervention (n=54), where ampicillin were administered within 24 hours of PROM onset, and the control group (n=53), where ampicillin were given 24-48 hours after PROM. Maternal and neonatal outcomes, incidence of reproductive tract infections, and fetal membrane cell scorching indicators (Caspase-1, Caspase -3, Caspase-9 and IL-β) were compared.

Comparative study of breast and intestinal microecology in lactating women with and without mastitis.

This study sought to compare bacterial abundance and diversity in milk and feces of healthy lactating women with patients suffering from lactation mastitis, explore the pathogenesis of lactation mastitis, and develop new ideas for its treatment and prevention from a microbiological perspective. A total of 19 lactating mastitis patients and 19 healthy lactating women were recruited. Milk and fecal Specimens were obtained from both groups, and microbial community structure was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.

Plasma Interleukin-35 Levels Predict the Prognosis in Patients with HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of IL-35 on the prognosis of patients with HBV-ACLF. We recruited 69 patients with HBV-ACLF, 20 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), 17 patients with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 20 healthy controls (HCs) from a regional infectious disease treatment center in China. Plasma levels of IL-35 at baseline were detected using ELISA.

CD46 Is a Protein Receptor for Human Adenovirus Type 64.

Certain species D human adenoviruses (HAdV-D19, -D37, and -D64) are causative agents of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis. HAdV-D37 has previously been shown to bind CD46 (membrane cofactor protein) and sialic acid as adhesion receptors. HAdV-D64 is genetically highly similar to HAdV-D37, with an identical fiber protein sequence, but differs substantially in its penton base and hexon proteins, two other major capsid components, due to genetic recombination.

Enhanced Immune Response Against Echinococcus Granulosus Through a CTLA-4/B7 Affinity-Based Vaccine.

Echinococcosis is a zoonotic infectious disease that poses a significant threat to the health of individuals living in rural regions. While vaccination represents a potential strategy for disease prevention, there is currently no effective vaccine available for humans to prevent cystic echinococcosis (CE). This study aimed to design a novel multi-epitope vaccine (MEV) against Echinococcus granulosus for human use, employing immunoinformatics methods.

The Impact of Genetic Variation on Duck Hepatitis A Virus (DHAV) Vaccine Efficacy: A Comparative Study of DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 Against Emerging Variant Strains.

Duck virus hepatitis (DVH), caused by duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV), poses significant challenges to duck farming due to high mortality rates in young ducklings. Despite the widespread use of live attenuated vaccines, the genetic diversity within DHAV strains has diminished their cross-protection efficacy. This study aimed to evaluate the cross-protective efficacy of current DHAV-1 and DHAV-3 vaccines against genetically divergent wild strains.

COVID-19 Vaccination and Transient Increase in CD4/CD8 Cell Counts in People with HIV: Evidence from China.

: Accumulating evidence has confirmed the efficacy and safety of COVID-19 vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the effect of COVID-19 vaccination on immuno-virological parameters in people with HIV (PWH) is uncertain. : A total of 372 PWH treated at Beijing Ditan Hospital were included.

Oral Yeast-Cell Microcapsule-Mediated DNA Vaccines Against Induce Effective Intestinal Immunity and Modulate Gut Microbiota.

is a common opportunistic pathogen that causes gastrointestinal diseases in livestock and poultry. Our preliminary research has demonstrated that administering oral yeast-cell microcapsule (YCM)-mediated DNA vaccines can effectively stimulate mucosal immunity, thereby preventing the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases. In this study, the α-toxin gene was first cloned and the H126G and C-terminal (C247-370) mutations were created.

Challenges and New Directions in Therapeutic Cancer Vaccine Development.

Tumor vaccine is a promising immunotherapy for solid tumors. Therapeutic tumor vaccines aim at inducing tumor regression, establishing durable antitumor memory, and avoiding non-specific or adverse reactions. However, tumor-induced immune suppression and immune resistance pose challenges to achieving this goal.

Material Visual Perception and Discharging Robot Control for Baijiu Fermented Grains in Underground Tank.

Addressing the issue of excessive manual intervention in discharging fermented grains from underground tanks in traditional brewing technology, this paper proposes an intelligent grains-out strategy based on a multi-degree-of-freedom hybrid robot. The robot's structure and control system are introduced, along with analyses of kinematics solutions for its parallel components and end-effector speeds. According to its structural characteristics and working conditions, a visual-perception-based motion control method of discharging fermented grains is determined.

Structural Design and Electromagnetic Performance Analysis of Octupole Active Radial Magnetic Bearing.

This study addresses the challenges of magnetic circuit coupling and control complexity in active radial magnetic bearings (ARMBs) by systematically investigating the electromagnetic performance of four magnetic pole configurations (NNSS, NSNS, NNNN, and SSSS). Initially, equivalent magnetic circuit modeling and finite element analysis (FEA) were employed to analyze the magnetic circuit coupling phenomena and their effects on the magnetic flux density distribution for each configuration. Subsequently, the air gap flux density and electromagnetic force were quantified under rotor eccentricity caused by unbalanced disturbances, and the dynamic performances of the ARMBs were evaluated for eccentricity along the x-axis and at 45°.

p-CuO/n-ZnO Heterojunction Pyro-Phototronic Photodetector Controlled by CuO Preparation Parameters.

The combination of ZnO with narrow bandgap materials such as CuO is now a common method to synthesize high-performance optoelectronic devices. This study focuses on optimizing the performance of p-CuO/n-ZnO heterojunction pyroelectric photodetectors, fabricated through magnetron sputtering, by leveraging the pyro-phototronic effect. The devices' photoresponse to UV (365 nm) and visible (405 nm) lasers is thoroughly examined.

HKAN: A Hybrid Kolmogorov-Arnold Network for Robust Fabric Defect Segmentation.

Currently, fabric defect detection methods predominantly rely on CNN models. However, due to the inherent limitations of CNNs, such models struggle to capture long-distance dependencies in images and fail to accurately detect complex defect features. While Transformers excel at modeling long-range dependencies, their quadratic computational complexity poses significant challenges.

Distributed Consensus Control for Discrete-Time T-S Fuzzy Multiple-Agent Systems Based on an Unknown Input Observer.

This paper investigates a consensus problem for a class of T-S fuzzy multiple-agent systems (MASs) with unknown input (UI). To begin with, an unknown input observer (UIO) is able to asymptotically estimate the system state and the UI is designed for each agent. In order to construct the UIO, the state interval estimation is obtained by first using zonotope theory.

YOLO-BOS: An Emerging Approach for Vehicle Detection with a Novel BRSA Mechanism.

In intelligent transportation systems, accurate vehicle target recognition within road scenarios is crucial for achieving intelligent traffic management. Addressing the challenges posed by complex environments and severe vehicle occlusion in such scenarios, this paper proposes a novel vehicle-detection method, YOLO-BOS. First, to bolster the feature-extraction capabilities of the backbone network, we propose a novel Bi-level Routing Spatial Attention (BRSA) mechanism, which selectively filters features based on task requirements and adjusts the importance of spatial locations to more accurately enhance relevant features.

Cloud-Edge-End Collaborative Federated Learning: Enhancing Model Accuracy and Privacy in Non-IID Environments.

Cloud-edge-end computing architecture is crucial for large-scale edge data processing and analysis. However, the diversity of terminal nodes and task complexity in this architecture often result in non-independent and identically distributed (non-IID) data, making it challenging to balance data heterogeneity and privacy protection. To address this, we propose a privacy-preserving federated learning method based on cloud-edge-end collaboration.

Real-Time Orbit Determination of Micro-Nano Satellite Using Robust Adaptive Filtering.

Low-performing GPS receivers, often used in challenging scenarios such as attitude maneuver and attitude rotation, are frequently encountered for micro-nano satellites. To address these challenges, this paper proposes a modified robust adaptive hierarchical filtering algorithm (named IARKF). This algorithm leverages robust adaptive filtering to dynamically adjust the distribution of innovation vectors and employs a fading memory weighted method to estimate measurement noise in real time, thereby enhancing the filter's adaptability to dynamic environments.

In-Motion Forward-Forward Backtracking Fine Alignment Based on Displacement Observation for SINS/GNSS.

To solve the problem of slow convergence seen in the traditional fine alignment algorithm based on linear Kalman filtering, a forward-forward backtracking fine alignment algorithm for SINS is proposed after reanalyzing the fine alignment model in this paper. First, the forward-forward backtracking fine alignment model in initial navigation frame was derived. The displacement vector of the carrier in the initial navigation frame solved by GNSS positioning was utilized as the observation of the fine alignment model.

ppb-Level SO Photoacoustic Sensor for SF Decomposition Analysis Utilizing a High-Power UV Laser with a Power Normalization Method.

A highly sensitive sulfur dioxide (SO) photoacoustic gas sensor was developed for the sulfur hexafluoride (SF) decomposition detection in electric power systems by using a novel 266 nm low-cost high-power solid-state pulse laser and a high -factor differential photoacoustic cell. The ultraviolet (UV) pulse laser is based on a passive -switching technology with a high output power of 28 mW. The photoacoustic signal was normalized to the laser power to solve the fluctuation of the photoacoustic signal due to the power instability of the UV laser.

High Carbonyl Graphene Oxide Suppresses Colorectal Cancer Cell Proliferation and Migration by Inducing Ferroptosis via the System Xc-/GSH/GPX4 Axis.

Background/objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is characterized by a high rate of both incidence and mortality, and its treatment outcomes are often affected by recurrence and drug resistance. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed cell death mechanism triggered by lipid peroxidation, has recently gained attention as a potential therapeutic target. Graphene oxide (GO), known for its oxygen-containing functional groups, biocompatibility, and potential for functionalization, holds promise in cancer treatment.