Intravascular Papillary Endothelial Hyperplasia of the Mandible: A Rare Entity.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is a lesion characterized by the proliferation of endothelial cells within the lumen of the vessel, it was first described by Masson in 1923.The pathogenesis of Masson's tumor is still unknown, currently the most accredited hypothesis is the reactive 1. Clinically and symptomatologically it can have different presentations, it is, therefore, of fundamental importance to make a correct differential diagnosis.

Impacted Lower Third Molar Under Inferior Alveolar Canal: Technical Strategy for Minimally Invasive Extraoral Surgical Approach.

Ectopic lower third molar is an uncommon condition, and its etiology remains unclear. The main approach used for its surgical removal is the intraoral one, but there are cases in which this may not be the best option. When the lower third molar is located below the lower alveolar canal or when it is close to the lower edge of the jaw, the most recommended approach is the extraoral one.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis associated with the missense mutation of the KCNK4 gene.

Hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF) is a rare oral condition that may appear as an isolated entity or as part of a genetic disease or syndrome. Molecular and biochemical mechanisms that trigger this pathologic process are not completely understood. In this article, we present a rare case of hereditary gingival fibromatosis in conjunction with a syndromic phenotype, associated with a rare missense mutation of the KCNK4 gene.

Oral Health and Molecular Aspects of Malignant Fibrous Histiocytoma Patients: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

Malignant fibrous histiocytoma is one of the most common soft tissue sarcomas in adults. It occurs only occasionally in oral soft tissues, and knowledge about its characteristics is based on a limited number of cases reported in the literature. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma belongs to the group of soft tissue sarcomas and makes up less than 10% of soft tissue sarcomas.

Early Diagnosis on Oral and Potentially Oral Malignant Lesions: A Systematic Review on the VELscope Fluorescence Method.

The fluorescence method is an innovative technique used by pathologists for examining body mucosa, and for the abnormalities tissue screening, potentially leading to the earlier discovery of pre-cancer, cancer or other disease processes. The early detection is one of the best mechanisms for enabling treatment success, increasing survival rates and maintaining a high quality of life. The purpose of this review is to evaluate the clinical efficiency of this diagnostic tool applied to the oral cavity (VELscope).

An unusual case of recurrent gingival hirsutism.

Objectives: The occurrence of hairs in the oral cavity is an exceedingly rare event, with unknown etiology. A literature review found only 5 cases, most of which described a single hair localized in various sites of the oral cavity. The aim of the present article is to report a follow-up presentation of a rare case of oral hirsutism detected in a young woman.

Molecular Biomarkers Related to Oral Carcinoma: Clinical Trial Outcome Evaluation in a Literature Review.

Backgrounds: The objective of the present research was to systematically revise the international literature about the genetic biomarkers related to oral cancer (OC) evaluating the recent findings in clinical studies.

Methods: A comprehensive review of the current literature was conducted according to the PRISMA guidelines by accessing the NCBI PubMed database. The authors conducted the search of articles in the English language published from 2008 to 2018.

Patient Discomfort During and After Surgically Assisted Rapid Maxillary Expansion Under Local Anaesthesia.

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether surgically assisted rapid maxillary expansion (SARME) could be performed under local anaesthesia and to understand the patient discomfort associated with this protocol. Patient discomfort was compared during and after 2 different types of oral surgical treatments in the same patients. Odontectomies for impacted lower third molar (control) were compared with SARME procedures (test) that were also performed under local anaesthesia.

Extraoral surgical approach of ectopic mandibular third molar to the lower border of mandible.

The surgical removal of impacted lower third molar is an ordinary intervention. The treatment of choice in this pathology is an intraoral or, seldom, extraoral surgical approach. Various surgical procedures have been described to remove ectopic mandibular teeth.

Surface biocompatibility of differently textured titanium implants with mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective: The major challenge for contemporary dentistry is restoration of missing teeth; currently, dental implantation is the treatment of choice in this circumstance. In the present study, we assessed the interaction between implants and Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs) in vitro by means of 3D cell culture in order to better simulate physiological conditions.

Methods: Sorted CD34+ DPSCs were seeded onto dental implants having either a rough surface (TriVent) or one coated with a ceramic layer mimicking native bone (TiUnite).

An unusual case of oral hirsutism in a patient with polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Hirsutism is the presence of terminal hair in women in a male-like pattern, which represents the clinical expression of an underlying excess of androgen (hyperandrogenism). Numerous conditions and serious diseases can result in high levels of circulating androgens, although the most common cause of hirsutism is polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The following classic clinical features characterize PCOS: irregular menstrual periods, infertility, excess hair growth, and obesity.

Human mandible bone defect repair by the grafting of dental pulp stem/progenitor cells and collagen sponge biocomplexes.

In this study we used a biocomplex constructed from dental pulp stem/progenitor cells (DPCs) and a collagen sponge scaffold for oro-maxillo-facial (OMF) bone tissue repair in patients requiring extraction of their third molars. The experiments were carried out according to our Internal Ethical Committee Guidelines and written informed consent was obtained from the patients. The patients presented with bilateral bone reabsorption of the alveolar ridge distal to the second molar secondary to impaction of the third molar on the cortical alveolar lamina, producing a defect without walls, of at least 1.

Human dental pulp stem cells: from biology to clinical applications.

Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) can be found within the "cell rich zone" of dental pulp. Their embryonic origin, from neural crests, explains their multipotency. Up to now, two groups have studied these cells extensively, albeit with different results.

The effect of Delaire cheilorhinoplasty on midfacial growth in patients with unilateral cleft lip and palate.

The aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of the Delaire surgical technique on the midfacial morphology in a group of subjects with a congenital unilateral cleft of lip and palate (UCLP), prior to orthodontic treatment. Thirty-five UCLP (15 left and 20 right) patients (16 males and 19 females, mean age 7.03+/-0.

Comparison between genetic portraits of osteoblasts derived from primary cultures and osteoblasts obtained from human pulpar stem cells.

Harvesting bone for autologous grafting is a daily problem encountered by craniofacial and oral surgeons. Stem cells derived from human dental pulp are able to differentiate in osteoblasts and are a potential source of autologous bone produced in vitro. However, as stem cells are characterized by self-renewing and commitment in several cellular subtypes (ie, pluripotential differentiation), some concerns may arise as regards their potential uncontrolled proliferation.

Dental pulp stem cells: a promising tool for bone regeneration.

Human tissues are different in term of regenerative properties. Stem cells are a promising tool for tissue regeneration, thanks to their particular characteristics of proliferation, differentiation and plasticity. Several "loci" or "niches" within the adult human body are colonized by a significant number of stem cells.

Scaffold's surface geometry significantly affects human stem cell bone tissue engineering.

In this study, we have observed dental pulp stem cells (SBP-DPSCs) performances on different scaffolds, such as PLGA 85:15, hydroxyapatite chips (HA) and titanium. Stem cells were challenged with each engineered surface, either in plane cultures or in a rotating apparatus, for a month. Gingival fibroblasts were used as controls.

Concave pit-containing scaffold surfaces improve stem cell-derived osteoblast performance and lead to significant bone tissue formation.

Background: Scaffold surface features are thought to be important regulators of stem cell performance and endurance in tissue engineering applications, but details about these fundamental aspects of stem cell biology remain largely unclear.

Methodology And Findings: In the present study, smooth clinical-grade lactide-coglyolic acid 85:15 (PLGA) scaffolds were carved as membranes and treated with NMP (N-metil-pyrrolidone) to create controlled subtractive pits or microcavities. Scanning electron and confocal microscopy revealed that the NMP-treated membranes contained: (i) large microcavities of 80-120 microm in diameter and 40-100 microm in depth, which we termed primary; and (ii) smaller microcavities of 10-20 microm in diameter and 3-10 microm in depth located within the primary cavities, which we termed secondary.

In vitro bone production using stem cells derived from human dental pulp.

To harvest bone for autologous grafting is a daily problem encountered by craniofacial and oral surgeons. Stem cells derived from human dental pulp are able to differentiate in osteoblasts and are a potential source of autologous bone produced in vitro. The authors describe their preliminary results in this new field with its potential application in craniomaxillofacial surgery.

First International Meeting on "Stem Cell Applications in the Craniofacial Region".

During the 1st International Meeting on "Stem Cell Applications in the Craniofacial Region" promoted in Naples (Italy), invited researchers presented theirwork and the most innovative methods regarding stem cells (SCs) and their application to the craniofacial region of the human body. In addition, some researchers showed their case-reports on craniofacial reconstruction using either osteo-distraction or reconstruction surgical methods. The aim of this biannual meeting is to stimulate discussion, improve knowledge and promote scientific collaboration among basic and clinical scientists in the main topics of SC use in therapy.

Long-term cryopreservation of dental pulp stem cells (SBP-DPSCs) and their differentiated osteoblasts: a cell source for tissue repair.

It is not known whether cells derived from stem cells retain their differentiation and morpho-functional properties after long-term cryopreservation. This information is of importance to evaluate their potential for long-term storage with a view to subsequent use in therapy. Here, we describe the morpho-functional properties of dental pulp stem cells (SBP-DPSCs), and of their differentiated osteoblasts, recovered after long-term cryopreservation.

An approachable human adult stem cell source for hard-tissue engineering.

Stem cells were obtained from deciduous dental pulp of healthy subjects, aged 6-10 years. This stem cell population was cultured, expanded, and specifically selected, detecting using a FACsorter, c-kit, CD34, and STRO-1 antigen expression. Then, c-kit+/CD34+/STRO-1+ cells were replaced in the culture medium added of 20% FBS, leading to osteoblast differentiation.

Genetic effects of anorganic bovine bone (Bio-Oss) on osteoblast-like MG63 cells.

Bio-Oss (Geistlich, Wolhusen, Switzerland) is composed by anorganic bovine bone and is widely used in several bone regeneration procedures in oral surgery. How this biomaterial alters osteoblast gene expression to promote bone formation is poorly understood. We therefore attempted to address this question by using microarray techniques to identify genes that are differentially regulated in osteoblasts exposed to Bio-Oss.

A new population of human adult dental pulp stem cells: a useful source of living autologous fibrous bone tissue (LAB).

Unlabelled: Stem cells, derived from human adult dental pulp of healthy subjects 30-45 years of age, were cultured, and cells were selected using a FACSorter. A new c-kit+/CD34+/CD45- cell population of stromal bone producing cells (SBP/DPSCs) was selected, expanded, and cultured. These SBP/DPSCs are highly clonogenic and, in culture, differentiate into osteoblast precursors (CD44+/RUNX-2+), still capable of self-renewing, and then in osteoblasts, producing, in vitro, a living autologous fibrous bone (LAB) tissue, which is markedly positive for several bone antibodies.