Early Abortions and Congenital Malformations: A Comparison Between Agricultural and Nonagricultural Areas in the State of São Paulo/Brazil.

Introduction: Areas with higher agricultural production have higher rates of abortion and malformation, probable related to pesticides.

Objective: To compare the rates of early abortion and fetal malformation in agricultural and nonagricultural areas.

Method: A survey was carried out on fetal deaths in children weighing less than 500 g or gestational age less than 22 weeks and fetal malformations in live births.

Criminal liability of medical professionals in the São Paulo State Court of Appeals.

Objective To collect criminal justice data involving medical professionals in the São Paulo State Court of Appeals and to establish the number of criminal proceedings involving said professionals, the content of the accusations and the conviction rate per specialty. Methods A keyword search was carried out in the State Appellate Court case law website with the term "medical error" for decisions rendered from January 1st, 2011 to December 31st, 2016, and the subject "criminal law" was selected. Results A total of 34 cases met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed.