Assessing the health consequences of indoor air pollution from biomass fuel combustion on pediatric populations in rural communities of Pakistan.

Indoor air pollution arising from burning of biomass fuels poses a significant threat to child health in rural areas of Pakistan. This cross-sectional study aimed to assess health implications associated with indoor air pollution resulting from biomass burning among children under 12 years of age in rural Punjab. A questionnaire-based survey was conducted in six randomly selected rural districts of Punjab, characterized by their primary reliance on biomass fuels.

The association between climatic factors and waterborne infectious outbreaks with a focus on vulnerability in Pakistan: integrative review.

Climate change affects the spread of waterborne infectious diseases, yet research on vulnerability to outbreaks remains limited. This integrative review examines how climate variables (temperature and precipitation) relate to human vulnerability factors in Pakistan. By 2060, mean temperatures are projected to rise from 21.

Spatio-temporal analysis of land use land cover change and its impact on land surface temperature of Sialkot City, Pakistan.

The dynamic interplay between urbanization and its impacts on climate is a subject of recent concern, particularly in rapidly urbanizing cities of Pakistan. This research investigated the spatio-temporal effects of urban growth in terms of Land Use Land Cover changes on the thermal environment (Land Surface Temperature) of the Sialkot city, Pakistan using satellite data spanning four distinct time periods (1989, 2000, 2009 and 2020) and predicted changes for year 2030 by employing Cellular Automata Markov Chain Model. Satellite imagery (Landsat 5, 7 and 8) was processed, and maximum likelihood supervised classification was done to generate LULC maps for each of the aforementioned years.

Phyto- and bio-management of metal(loid)-contaminated soil by inoculating resistant bacteria: evaluating tolerance of treated rice plant and soil with its efficiency.

Anthropogenic activities are increasing the amount of heavy metals and metalloids in the environment on a global scale, harming all living things and necessitating the employment of bioremediation procedures. Metal-resistant bacteria were used to clean polluted soil and promote plant growth; this approach has gained attention in recent years for bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated systems. We studied the effects of chromium and lithium in Oryza sativa under controlled conditions.

Investigating the role of bulking agents in compost maturity.

Kitchen waste is increasing globally, similarly in Pakistan bulk of municipal solid waste comprises of kitchen waste specifically, tea waste. Composting of kitchen waste is one of the promising ways to convert waste into useful product, resulting into zero waste. This study is aimed to convert waste (kitchen waste) in to a resource (compost) using bulking agents (tea waste and biochar) for reducing maturity time.

Exploring the links between indoor air pollutants and health outcomes in South Asian countries: a systematic review.

Indoor air pollution (IAP) has adverse effects on the health of people, globally. The objective of this systematic review was to present the range of health problems studied in association with indoor air pollutants in South Asian countries. We searched five databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Google Scholar, and CAB Direct for articles published between the years 2000 and 2020.

Assessing the impact of land use land cover change on regulatory ecosystem services of subtropical scrub forest, Soan Valley Pakistan.

This study investigated the effect of land use land cover (LULC) changes on carbon sequestration in the Hayat-ul-Mir subtropical scrub reserve forest, Pakistan. Supervised maximum likelihood classification of Landsat satellite imagery was done to assess spatio-temporal changes in LULC during 2007, 2013 and 2019. The CA-Markov model was used to simulate LULC of 2030.

Source identification and risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in air and dust samples of Lahore City.

During two consecutive summer and winter seasons in Lahore, the health risk of air and dust-borne polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was evaluated. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GS/MS) was used to determine air and dust samples from various functional areas across the city. The mean ∑PAHs were higher in air 1035.

Spatiotemporal valuation of cultural and natural landscapes contributing to Pakistan's cultural ecosystem services.

Cultural ecosystem services are the non-material benefits that people obtain from ecosystems and these services are subject to tremendous anthropogenic and climatic pressures. This study evaluates the spatiotemporal economic valuation of selected cultural and natural landscapes in Pakistan using net present value method. The results indicate that both cultural landscapes and mountain ecosystems are the most significant contributors to Pakistan's cultural ecosystem services.

An analytical study on municipal wastewater to energy generation, current trends, and future prospects in South Asian developing countries (an update on Pakistan scenario).

The water scarcity and energy crises are major challenges, particularly for South Asian developing countries. Wastewater resource recovery always remained an untapped potential for South Asian countries, especially in Pakistan. Globally, municipal wastewater's global generation rate is about 331 km/year; only a small proportion is treated and safely reused.

Effect of industrial wastewater on wheat germination, growth, yield, nutrients and bioaccumulation of lead.

Due to fresh water scarcity, farmers are using polluted water for irrigation. This research was conducted to study the bioaccumulation of Pb in wheat (Cv. Shafaq-2006).

Novel Ergot Alkaloids Production from Employing Response Surface Methodology Technique.

Ergot alkaloids are novel pharmaceutical and therapeutic agents synthesized in this study using fungal species To get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids a statistical process of response surface methodology was employed using surface culture fermentation technique. Initially, the strain of was improved using physical (ultraviolet (UV) and chemical (ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) treatments to get the maximum yield of ergot alkaloids through surface culture fermentation technique. After improving the strain, survival rate of colonies of treated with UV and EMS was observed.

Piloting restoration initiatives in subtropical scrub forest: specifying areas asserting adaptive management.

Subtropical scrub forests in Pakistan have diminished by about 75% over the last hundred years, mainly due to indiscriminate exploitation and invasion by exotics species. Lack of initiatives, awareness, and research in utilizing the techniques used for accelerating natural forest succession is resulting in further degradation of the remaining forests. To promote active restoration with local communities and governmental authorities, a restoration scheme was piloted between 2010 and 2016 to examine enrichment population effects.

Vulnerability, well-being, and livelihood adaptation under changing environmental conditions: a case from mountainous region of Pakistan.

Climatic changes pose serious risks to the rural community's livelihoods of many developing countries whereas people in mountainous regions are exposed to multiple hazards with limited livelihood resources and heavy dependence on natural resources. The objective of the current study is to assess the livelihood practices and adaptive capacity of a mountainous region of Pakistan, the Balakot, where people are highly vulnerable to climatic changes. The study uses a triangulation method to explore various issues and options of climate change risks sand adaptation and impact of well-being on resilience capacity and livelihood strategies.