Combination therapy of systemic and local metformin improves imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like lesions with type 2 diabetes: the role of AMPK/KGF/STAT3 axis.

Context: Insulin resistance and a disturbed lipid profile are common associations with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and different skin diseases, particularly psoriasis (PsO).

Objectives: We investigated potential therapeutic mechanisms of metformin in a murine animal model of psoriasiform lesions in T2DM.

Materials And Methods: Forty-two rats were randomly divided into control, PsO, and type II DM (T2DM) groups.

High-intensity exercise alongside insulin alleviates muscle atrophy in type 1 diabetes mellitus concomitant with modulation of mitophagy-related proteins in skeletal muscle.

: Diabetes patients' quality of life can be severely impacted by diabetic muscle atrophy.: This study aimed to explore the impact of high-intensity exercise (HIE) alongside insulin treatment on muscle atrophy in a rat model of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).: Fifty rats were allocated into five groups; Group 1, control sedentary (CS), T1DM was elicited in the rest of the groups by giving them Streptozotocin (STZ) (60 mg/kg), where group 2 (DS) remained sedentary, while groups 3,4,5 were treated with insulin after induction of diabetes.

Protective effect of Galectin-3 inhibitor against cardiac remodelling in an isoprenaline-induced myocardial infarction in type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has the potential to impair cardiac function and cause heart failure. We aimed to study the cardioprotective influence of Galactin-3 (Gal-3) inhibitor; modified citrus pectin (MCP) in isoprenaline induced myocardial infarction (MI) in T2DM rats. Forty rats were allocated into 4 groups; groups I and II served as control.

The Potential Association Between microRNA 135-5P and p62 and Their Effect on NRF2 Pathway in Multiple Sclerosis.

Background: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent non-traumatic disabling disease affecting young adults, characterized by complexity in its pathogenesis. Nuclear factor erythroid 2-Related Factor 2 (NRF2) serves as a crucial transcriptional regulator of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant enzymes, influenced by the ubiquitous protein p62. It acts as a scaffold directing substrates to autophagosomes.

Epigenetic alterations in preeclampsia: a focus on microRNA149 and tetrahydrofolate reductase gene polymorphisms in Egyptian women.

Background: Preeclampsia (PE) poses a substantial risk to prenatal and maternal health. Folic acid (FA) and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) play roles in DNA methylation and genomic integrity maintenance, with MTHFR polymorphisms potentially impacting PE occurrence. Human microRNA 149 (miR-149) remains underexplored in PE despite its involvement in folate metabolism.

Dental pulp stem cells ameliorate D-galactose-induced cardiac ageing in rats.

Background: Ageing is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is linked to several alterations in cardiac structure and function, including left ventricular hypertrophy and increased cardiomyocyte volume, as well as a decline in the number of cardiomyocytes and ventricular dysfunction, emphasizing the pathological impacts of cardiomyocyte ageing. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are promising as a cellular therapeutic source due to their minimally invasive surgical approach and remarkable proliferative ability.

Aim: This study is the first to investigate the outcomes of the systemic transplantation of DPSCs in a D-galactose (D-gal)-induced rat model of cardiac ageing.

Upregulation of Anti-Desmocollin 3 Antibodies in Pemphigus Diseases: A Case-control Study.

Background: Pemphigus diseases are a subgroup of autoimmune bullous diseases characterized by autoantibodies against desmogleins and occasionally desmocollins. Desmocollin 3 is the main desmocollin isoform that contributes to cell adhesion in the epidermis.

Objective: To evaluate the presence and level of anti-desmocollin 3 antibodies in pemphigus diseases, and to investigate whether their presence is associated with a specific type, presentation, or clinical pattern.

Assessment of PD-1 and PD-L1 tissue expression levels in lichen planus patients: a case-control study.

Programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) is an immune checkpoint protein, PD-1 interaction with PD ligand-1 (PD-L1) is essential for maintaining immunological tolerance. The study aimed to study and compare the levels of PD-1 and PD-L1 in lesional and nonlesional skin of lichen planus (LP) patients and compare these levels to normal healthy controls to assess their role in the pathogenesis of LP. This case-control study involved 30 patients with LP and 30 healthy age-and sex-matched controls.

SGLT-2 inhibitors enhance the effect of metformin to ameliorate hormonal changes and inflammatory markers in a rat PCOS model.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic disorder affecting females. The management of PCOS is challenging and current interventions are not enough to deal with all consequences of this syndrome. We explored the beneficial effect of combined sodium glucose co transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i); (empagliflozin) and metformin on hormonal and metabolic parameters in an animal model of PCOS and insulin resistance (IR).

Relation between microRNA-155 and inflammatory mediators in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex autoimmune condition affecting the central nervous system characterized by axonal damage, demyelination, and chronic inflammation. Multiple molecular and cellular components mediate neuroinflammation in MS. In human macrophages and microglia, miRNA-155 is an essential proinflammatory noncoding RNA that regulates phenotypic and functional polarization properties.

The Effect of Calcium hydroxide, Glass Ionomer and light cured resin modified calcium silicate on viability, proliferation and differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.

Background: Vital pulp therapy, based on the use of stem cells, has promising research and therapeutic applications in dentistry. It is essential to understand the direct effect of capping materials on the dental pulp stem cells of primary teeth, which contribute to the healing powers of the tooth. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different capping materials (Calcium Hydroxide (DyCal®) - Glass Ionomer (Fuji IX®) and light-cured resin modified calcium silicate (TheraCal LC®)) on the viability, proliferation, and differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs).

Regulatory Role of circRNA-0067835 in Behcet Disease through Targeting Micro RNA-155: Implication of and .

Background: Autophagy has been proven to contribute to maintaining eukaryotic cells' normal intracellular homeostasis, whereas autophagy malfunction may predispose to Behcet Disease (BD). The accumulation of the products of autophagic degradation as well as impairment in autophagic flux in cases with BD, may be attributed to dysregulated miRNA-155 expression. This study attempts to determine the contribution of circRNA-0067835 in miRNA-155-mediated modulation of the autophagy axis as well as to investigate its impact on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in BD.

Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and Pioglitazone or Exendin-4 Synergistically Improve Insulin Resistance via Multiple Modulatory Mechanisms in High-Fat Diet/Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes in Rats.

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease, characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion and/or insulin action. The current study was designed to assess the therapeutic potential of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) alone and in combination with pioglitazone (Pz) or exendin-4 (Ex) in high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ)-induced diabetes in rats.

Methods: The rats were subjected to the HFD for three weeks before being injected with a single low dosage of STZ (35 mg/kg bw).

Comparing MitoQ10 and heat therapy: Evaluating mechanisms and therapeutic potential for polycystic ovary syndrome induced by circadian rhythm disruption.

Environmental factors, such as sleep restriction, contribute to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by causing hyperinsulinemia, hyperandrogenism, insulin resistance, and oligo- or anovulation. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of circadian rhythm disruption on reproductive and metabolic functions and investigate the potential therapeutic benefits of MitoQ10 and hot tub therapy (HTT). Sixty female rats were divided into six groups: control, MitoQ10, HTT, and three groups with PCOS induced by continuous light exposure(L/L).

Pulmonary Functions and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers Among Silica-Exposed Foundry Workers.

Objective: To investigate the changes of the ventilatory function tests and the oxidative stress biomarkers among silica-exposed foundry workers.

Methods: The exposed group included 70 workers in an iron foundry. The nonexposed group included 40 subjects from Kasralainy outpatient clinic.

Synergistic role of resveratrol and exercise training in management of diabetic neuropathy and myopathy via SIRT1/NGF/GAP43 linkage.

Aims: Oxidative stress also plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic neuropathy (DN). Both resveratrol (RES) and exercise (EX) have potent anti-oxidative benefits. Low levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) and SIRT1 (a member of sirtuin family) have been reported in patients with DN.

Development and Evaluation of Novel Leflunomide SPION Bioemulsomes for the Intra-Articular Treatment of Arthritis.

Systemic treatments for rheumatoid arthritis are associated with many side effects. This study aimed to minimize the side effects associated with the systemic administration of leflunomide (LEF) by formulating LEF-loaded emulsomes (EMLs) for intra-articular administration. Additionally, EMLs were loaded with supramagnetic nanoparticles (SPIONs) to enhance joint localization, where a magnet was placed on the joint area after intra-articular administration.

Study of the role of microRNAs 16 and 135a in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation receiving fluoxetine daily for 3 months: A prospective case control study.

We aimed to determine the level of miRNAs 16 and 135a in lifelong premature ejaculation (LPE) patients versus controls. Moreover, we evaluated the potential interplay between the studied miRNAs and fluoxetine in these patients after utilizing fluoxetine daily for 3 months. The study involved 60 consecutive LPE patients and 20 healthy age matched individuals as controls.

Modulation of miR-192/NF-κB/ TGF-β/ E-cadherin by thymoquinone protects against diethylnitrosamine /carbon tetrachloride hepatotoxicity.

Scientific efforts have been made for a better understanding of the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We investigated the possible role of miR-192/nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB)/transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/E-cadherin in hepatic tumorigenesis. We expected a modulatory impact of thymoquinone.

Combined Systemic Intake of K-ATP Opener (Nicorandil) and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Preconditioned With Nicorandil Alleviates Pancreatic Insufficiency in a Model of Bilateral Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.

We used nicorandil, a K-ATP channel opener, to study the role of these channels in the amelioration of renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)-induced pancreatic injury, and the possible involvement of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. Forty-two male Wistar rats were included in this study, six were sacrificed for extraction of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) and conducting the work, the others were included study and equally divided into six groups. Group 1 (sham control), but groups 2-6 were subjected to bilateral renal I/R: Group 2 (I/R); Group 3 (I/R-NC), treated with nicorandil; Group 4 (I/R-MSCs), treated with BM-MSCs; Group 5 (I/R-MSCC), treated with nicorandil-preconditioned BM-MSCs; Group 6 (I/R-NC-MSCC), treated with both systemic nicorandil and preconditioned BM-MSCC.

Toll-Like Receptor Signaling in the Pathogenesis of Chronic Dacryocystitis: Implication of c-FOS Transcription Factor and its Downstream Effector Chemokine Genes CCL2, CCL4, CXCL3, CXCR4 with a Shift of the M1/M2 Macrophage Phenotype.

Introduction: TLRs are fundamental elements in the orchestration of the innate immune system. These receptors seem to be responsible for the inflammation and fibrosis in chronic dacryocystitis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the toll-Like receptors (TLR2 and TLR4) signaling pathway and its downstream effector chemokine genes in the pathogenesis of chronic dacryocystitis.

The Relationship of Circulating Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 With TSH and Lipid Profile in Newly Diagnosed Patients With Subclinical and Overt Hypothyroidism.

Introduction: Overt and subclinical hypothyroidism are mostly associated with dyslipidemia, an essential cardiovascular risk factor. Recently, thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) was identified to have a direct role on lipid metabolism via increased expression of hepatic proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9). PCSK9 plays a crucial role in lipid metabolism via regulating LDL-C levels.