Clinical and laboratory peculiarities of children's state with chronic tonsilitis on type 1 diabetes.

Objective: The aim: Improvement of early diagnostics quality and efficiency of chronic pharyngeal diseases (CPD) treatment in children with DM-1 by studying the clinical and laboratory features of the disease course and complex therapy administration.

Patients And Methods: Materials and methods: A comprehensive examination of 707 children with diabetes mellitus-1, aged 3 to 18, was conducted, which determined clinical and laboratory features of their state in the presence and absence of chronic tonsillitis (CT).

Results: Results: Using microbiological and cytological examination of the palatine tonsils (PT) crypts, the leading role of microbial associations in the pathogenesis of HT in the formation of immune inflammation was determined, their influence on the local immunity indices was defined.

[Increase in eremomycin production by regeneration and UV-irradiation of Amycolatopsis orientalis subsp. eremomycini protoplasts].

Protoplast regeneration of Amycolatopsis orientalis subsp. eremomycini producing eremomycin leads to the change of cultural and morphological properties as well as synthesis of secondary metabolites. Formation of plus-variants with enchanced antibiotic production was promoted by UV-irradiation of protoplasts.

[Isolation and identification of antibiotics produced by Actinoplanes brasiliensis INA 3802].

In the screening programme for new antibiotics produced by Actinoplanes brasiliensis an antibiotic complex A-3802 was isolated and studied in detail. It had a marked therapeutic effect in the treatment of staphylococcal sepsis in albino mice and was low toxic. Two components of the complex i.

[Actinoplanes brasiliensis INA 3802--a producer of peptide antibiotics].

In the screening programme for new antibiotics an actinomycete culture designated as 3802 was isolated from a soil sample. The culture produced a complex of peptide antibiotics belonging to the group of lantibiotics. The antibiotic complex included gardimycin (actagardin) and new antibiotics of the same group.

[A novel antibiotic of the aureolic acid group. Isolation, physicochemical and biological properties, identification].

An antibiotic complex was extracted from the culture fluid of Streptomyces phaeofaciens, strain 51. By the physicochemical properties it was referred to the group of aureolic acid. The complex was separated to chromatographically pure components by column chromatography.

[Streptomyces phaeofaciens, strain 51--producer of a novel antibiotic of the aureolic acid group].

An actinomycete strain 51 isolated from a soil sample collected in the Gobi Desert (Mongolia) was shown to produce a novel antibiotic of the group of aureolic acid. By the morphological, chemotaxonomic, cultural and physiological properties strain 51 was identified as belonging to Streptomyces phaeofaciens. The strain inhibited the growth of gram-positive bacteria and was inactive against gram-negative microbes and fungi.

[Albofungin formation by a strain isolated as a result of fusion of protoplasts of organisms producing aminoglycoside antibiotics].

Strain 344 synthesizing an antibiotic complex was isolated after fusion of the protoplasts of Streptomyces monomycini producing monomycin and Streptomyces kanamyceticus producing kanamycin. The major component of the complex was identified with albofungin and the minor one was suggested to be chloralbofungin. In the cultures of strain 344 variants forming monomycin were detected.

[Eremomycin--a new antibiotic of the polycyclic glycopeptide group].

Eremomycin is a novel antibacterial antibiotic. It was isolated at the Institute of New Antibiotics, the USSR Academy of Medical Sciences from the culture fluid of actinomycete INA-238. By its physico-chemical and biological properties the antibiotic was classified as belonging to the group of polycyclic glycopeptides.

[Eremomycin--a new antibiotic from the cyclic glycopeptide group].

Eremomycin, a novel antibiotic belonging to the group of cyclic glycopeptides is produced by an actinomycete designated INA-238. Biosynthesis, isolation, physico-chemical and biological properties of the antibiotic are described. Eremomycin is shown to be close to vancomycin.

[New antitumor antibiotics 5590 and 2928].

Antibiotics with an in vivo antiblastomic activity were isolated from the actinomycetous culture 5590 and 2928. The antibiotics were prepared in the crystalline form. The conditions for the biosynthesis of the antibiotics, their physicochemical constants and UV and IR spectra were determined.

Yeast mutants with distorted cell membranes as a detection system for antitumor antibiotics.

Yeast mutants with distorted cell membranes, which are selectively inhibited by anticancer antibiotics and are not affected by antibacterial antibiotics, could be of considerable interest as test organisms. They could be used for the isolation of active antitumor substances from complex mixtures of natural compounds.

[New species of Actinomadura coeruleoviolacea sp. nov. and its antagonistic properties].

Eight strains of actinomycetes isolated from soil samples were described as representatives of Actinomadura coeruleoviolacea sp.nov. The species was characterized by straight and sometimes branching short chains of spores, smooth spores, blue aerial mycellium and violet soluble pigment.

[Utilization of yeast mutants with a defect in the cellular membrane in the search for anticancer antibiotics].

The mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae, strain FL 599-I B with defect cell membranes are selectively inhibited by anticancer antibiotics with different molecular mechanisms of action on DNA. At the same time they are insensitive to antibacterial antibiotics. Such mutants may be used as test-cultures in isolation of active agents with antitumor effect from complex mixtures of natural substances.

[Possibility of the early identification of polyene antibiotic producers].

A method for identification of polyenic antibiotics at early stages of their screening was developed using the known fact of high affinity of polygens and steroids. It was found that addition of cholesterol or ergosterol to the nutrient medium in a concentration of 100 gamma/ml eliminated the inhibitory effect of the polyenic antibiotics. Screening of the antibiotic-producing actinomycetes simultaneously on 2 media, i.