Association of body roundness index with chronic diarrhea and constipation, NHANES 2005-2010.

Background: Chronic diarrhea and constipation are known to be associated with obesity. Body roundness index (BRI), as a novel physical dimension assessment indicator, provides a more comprehensive evaluation of body and visceral fat than traditional methods. However, the relationship between BRI, chronic diarrhea, and constipation remains unclear.

Comparison of the associations between life's essential 8 and life's simple 7 with stroke: NHANES 1999-2018.

Objective: This study aims to explore the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8) and stroke and all-cause mortality, and compare whether it has an advantage over Life's Simple 7 (LS7).

Methods: This study investigated data from NHANES spanning from 1999 to 2018. The LE8 was categorized as low, moderate and high cardiovascular health (CVH).

Dietary copper, zinc, copper/zinc ratio intakes and irritable bowel syndrome risk: a large-scale prospective cohort study from UK Biobank.

Studies have suggested that dietary copper and zinc intakes may be associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), however, prospective evidence is lacking. This study aimed to prospectively investigate the relationship between dietary copper, zinc, and copper/zinc (Cu/Zn) ratio intakes and the development of IBS in a long-term cohort. A total of 175,421 participants in the UK Biobank without IBS at baseline were included.

Proinflammatory Diet Increases the Risk of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Prospective Study of 129,408 UK Biobank Participants and Mendelian Randomization Analysis.

Background: Patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) often have chronic low-grade inflammation in the intestinal mucosa. Some dietary components are known to be associated with inflammation. However, there is currently limited research on the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and the risk of IBS.

Associations of exposure to volatile organic compounds with sleep health and potential mediators: analysis of NHANES data.

Objective: The effect of environmental pollution on sleep has been widely studied, yet the relationship between exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and sleep health requires further exploration. We aimed to investigate the single and mixed effect of urinary VOC metabolites on sleep health and identify potential mediators.

Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study was collected from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) (2005-2006, 2011-2014).

Association between Life's Essential 8 and Infertility as Well as the Mediating Effects of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Factors Among U.S. Women Aged 18-45 Years.

Management of cardiovascular disease in pregnancy is important, yet the association between cardiovascular health and infertility is rarely reported. In this study, we aimed to explore the association between Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a novel cardiovascular health (CVH) measure, and infertility, and to investigate potential mediating mechanisms. This study investigated cross-sectional data from the 2013-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

Type II diabetes mellitus increases the risk of inflammatory bowel disease in a prospective cohort study.

Background: Inflammatory bowel disease is a common digestive disorder and diabetes can lead to intestinal dysfunction. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease in combination with diabetes present a higher rate of hospitalization and consumption of medical resources, yet the association between type 2 diabetes and Inflammatory bowel disease remains unknown.

Methods: We studied 313,008 participants from the UK Biobank, including 5891 patients with type 2 diabetes at baseline.

Efficacy of Polyethylene Glycol Electrolyte Powder Combined With Linaclotide for Colon Cleansing in Patients With Chronic Constipation Undergoing Colonoscopy: A Multicenter, Single-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Constipation is an independent risk factor for poor bowel preparation. This study aimed to evaluate the bowel cleansing efficacy and safety of polyethylene glycol (PEG) combined with linaclotide (lin) for colonoscopy in patients with chronic constipation (CC).

Methods: This single-blinded, randomized, controlled, and multicenter study was conducted from July 2021 to December 2022 at 7 hospitals.

Association between pro-inflammatory diet and abdominal pain: cross-sectional and case-control study from UK biobank and NHANES 2017-2020.

Background: There is a close association between diet and abdominal pain; however, relationship between inflammatory diet and characteristics of abdominal pain has not been characterized yet.

Methods: This study analyzed baseline data from the UK Biobank, 3-item DHQ-Abdominal Pain Questionnaire (DHQ-3Q), which including abdominal pain in the past 3 months, severity of abdominal pain, and frequency of abdominal pain, and data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2017 to 2020. Energy-adjusted Dietary Inflammatory Index (E-DII), constructed based on 26 or 27 nutrients, was analyzed using continuous or categorical methods.

Risk analysis of air pollutants and types of anemia: a UK Biobank prospective cohort study.

Previous studies have suggested that exposure to air pollutants may be associated with specific blood indicators or anemia in certain populations. However, there is insufficient epidemiological data and prospective evidence to evaluate the relationship between environmental air pollution and specific types of anemia. We conducted a large-scale prospective cohort study based on the UK Biobank.

GABAergic synapses from the ventral lateral septum to the paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus modulate anxiety.

Emotional disorders, such as anxiety and depression, represent a major societal problem; however, the underlying neurological mechanism remains unknown. The ventral lateral septum (LSv) is implicated in regulating processes related to mood and motivation. In this study, we found that LSv GABAergic neurons were significantly activated in mice experiencing chronic social defeat stress (CSDS) after exposure to a social stressor.

Single and mixed effects of multiple volatile organic compounds exposure on hematological parameters in the U.S. adult population.

Background: Most research exploring the correlation between volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and hematological parameters have focused on single VOCs. Our study aimed to explore the single and combined effects of VOCs on hematological parameters through three statistical models.

Methods: Data from 4 cycles of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were used in this study.

5-HT1A receptors within the intermediate lateral septum modulate stress vulnerability in male mice.

Chronic stress is a major risk factor for psychiatric disorders. However, certain individuals may be at higher risk due to greater stress susceptibility. Elucidating the neurobiology of stress resilience and susceptibility may facilitate the development of novel strategies to prevent and treat stress-related disorders such as depression.

Comparison of the associations between Life's Essential 8 and Life's Simple 7 with depression, as well as the mediating role of oxidative stress factors and inflammation: NHANES 2005-2018.

Background: Cardiovascular health (CVH) is closely associated with depression. However, Life's Essential 8 (LE8), a novel CVH measure, has not yet been clearly linked to depression. This study aims to explore the association between LE8 and depression, compare its advantages over Life's Simple 7 (LS7), and investigate the mediating effects of oxidative stress and inflammation.

Dopamine D2 receptors in the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex modulate social hierarchy in male mice.

Social hierarchy greatly influences behavior and health. Both human and animal studies have signaled the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) as specifically related to social hierarchy. Dopamine D1 receptors (D1Rs) and D2 receptors (D2Rs) are abundantly expressed in the mPFC, modulating its functions.

Dopamine D2 receptor within the intermediate region of the lateral septum modulate social hierarchy in male mice.

The dopamine (DA) system has long been involved in social hierarchies; however, the specific mechanisms have not been elucidated. The lateral septum (LS) is a limbic brain structure that regulates various emotional, motivational, and social behaviors. DA receptors are abundantly expressed in the LS, modulating its functions.

5-HT1A receptor in the central amygdala and 5-HT2A receptor in the basolateral amygdala are involved in social hierarchy in male mice.

Most social animals self-organize into dominance hierarchies that strongly influence their behavior and health. The serotonin (5-HT) system is believed to play an important role in the formation of social hierarchy. 5-HT receptors are abundantly expressed in the amygdala, which is considered as the central node for the perception and learning of social hierarchy.

CCL13 and human diseases.

CCL13/MCP-4 belongs to the CC chemokine family, which induces chemotaxis in many immune cells. Despite extensive research into its function in numerous disorders, a thorough analysis of CCL13 is not yet accessible. The role of CCL13 in human disorders and existing CCL13-focused therapies are outlined in this study.

Losartan attenuates acetic acid enema-induced visceral hypersensitivity by inhibiting the ACE1/Ang II/AT1 receptor axis in enteric glial cells.

Enteric glial cells (EGCs) play an important role in visceral hypersensitivity associated with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Losartan (Los) is known to reduce pain; however, its function in IBS is unclear. The present study aimed to investigate Los's therapeutic effect on visceral hypersensitivity in IBS rats.

Increased Lactobacillus Abundance Contributes to Stress Resilience in Mice Exposed to Chronic Social Defeat Stress.

Introduction: Accumulating evidence indicates that abnormalities in the composition of gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota play a vital role in stress-related disorders. Both human beings and animals perceive stressful events differently, i.e.

mGlu2/3 receptors within the ventral part of the lateral septal nuclei modulate stress resilience and vulnerability in mice.

Resilience refers to the ability to withstand or recover quickly from difficult conditions. Identification of the neurobiological mechanisms underlying resilience offers a novel way to the prevention and treatment of stress-induced psychiatric disorders such as depression. The septal nuclei have been described as an important node in emotional regulations.

Involvement of the dopamine system in paternal behavior induced by repeated pup exposure in virgin male ICR mice.

Like mothers, fathers play a vital role in the development of the brain and behavior of offspring in mammals with biparental care. Unlike mothers, fathers do not experience the physiological processes of pregnancy, parturition, or lactation before their first contact with offspring. Whether pup exposure can induce the onset of paternal behavior and the underlying neural mechanisms remains unclear.

CRF-CRFR1 system within the dorsal medial prefrontal cortex are involved in consolation deficits under acute restraint stress in mandarin voles.

Consolation is a complex empathic behavior that has recently been observed in some socially living rodents. Despite the growing body of literature suggesting that stress affects some simple form of empathy, the relationship between stress and consolation remains largely understudied. Using monogamous mandarin voles, we found that an acute restraint stress exposure significantly reduced consolation-like behaviors and induced anxiety-like behaviors.

Paraventricular Nucleus Oxytocin Subsystems Promote Active Paternal Behaviors in Mandarin Voles.

Paternal care plays a critical role in the development of brain and behaviors in offspring in monogamous species. However, the neurobiological mechanisms, especially the neuronal circuity, underlying paternal care is largely unknown. Using socially monogamous male mandarin voles () with high levels of paternal care, we found that paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) to ventral tegmental area (VTA) or nucleus accumbens (NAc) oxytocin (OT) neurons are activated during paternal care.