Sustained virological response to antiviral drugs in treatment of different genotypes of HCV cirrhotic patients.

Cirrhosis and liver cancer are both caused by hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of the liver. Patients with HCV cirrhosis may be treated with one of many antiviral medications, depending on their specific genotype. Samples of cirrhotic HCV were obtained from 190 people at the Khyber Teaching Hospital and the Hayatabad Medical Complex in Peshawar, Pakistan.

Pharyngeal Arches, Chapter 1: Normal Development and Derivatives.

The pharyngeal arches form the cornerstone of the complex anatomy of the face and neck. These embryologic structures are the foundation of face and neck development, and anomalous growth can result in craniofacial abnormalities. Surgeons who manage head and neck pathology and pathoanatomy will invariably encounter conditions associated with aberrant pharyngeal arch anatomy, and a thorough understanding of the normal and pathological development of these important structures is paramount to accurate diagnosis and treatment.