Linking head and heart health: the association between psychiatric outcomes for patients with major depressive disorder and myocardial ischemia - a systematic review.

Introduction: The development of depression after myocardial infarction is associated with a 2- to 2.5-fold increased risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and cardiovascular events. The objective of this study was to investigate, through a broad search of the literature, whether major depression is associated with worse psychiatric outcomes in middle-aged patients with myocardial ischemia.

Neurochemical and genetic factors in panic disorder: a systematic review.

This systematic review addresses the complex nature of Panic Disorder (PD), characterized by recurrent episodes of acute fear, with a focus on updating and consolidating knowledge regarding neurochemical, genetic, and epigenetic factors associated with PD. Utilizing the PRISMA methodology, 33 original peer-reviewed studies were identified, comprising 6 studies related to human neurochemicals, 10 related to human genetic or epigenetic alterations, and 17 animal studies. The review reveals patterns of altered expression in various biological systems, including neurotransmission, the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis, neuroplasticity, and genetic and epigenetic factors leading to neuroanatomical modifications.

The S20 Brazilian Mental Health Report for Building a Just World and a Sustainable Planet: Part II.

This is the second part of the Brazilian S20 mental health report. The mental health working group is dedicated to leveraging scientific insights to foster innovation and propose actionable recommendations for implementation in Brazil and participating countries. In addressing the heightened mental health challenges in a post-pandemic world, strategies should encompass several key elements.

Therapist-Guided Versus Self-Guided Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: A Systematic Review.

To evaluate traditional versus guided cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with the use of applications and technological innovations. A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, and Cochrane Library databases and included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to March 30, 2023, with no language restrictions. Only RCTs with available text were included, which is valid from the app versus traditional CBT comparison perspective.

Cross-cultural adaptation of the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to Brazilian Portuguese and its psychometric properties-A multicenter cross-sectional study.

Objective: To adapt the Scale of Perception of Respect for and Maintenance of the Dignity of the Inpatient (CuPDPH) to the Brazilian language and culture and to assess its psychometric properties.

Results: The scale was evaluated by 15 experts, and 239 patients from three tertiary hospitals in Rio de Janeiro. All participants signed a consent form.

Home care for the elderly with dementia: a systematic review.

Objetive: With the global population aging, there is a growing need for home-based care to meet the health needs of the elderly. However, the quality of care provided to the aged population is now arguably a significant challenge for most healthcare systems worldwide.

Methods: The present review included 13 original studies on home care and its effects on dementia patients, describing how patient care and adequate treatment can be collaborative for their improvement, for case management, and optimizing pain control and specificities.

Prediction of declarative memory profile in panic disorder patients: a machine learning-based approach.

Objective: To develop a classification framework based on random forest (RF) modeling to outline the declarative memory profile of patients with panic disorder (PD) compared to a healthy control sample.

Methods: We developed RF models to classify the declarative memory profile of PD patients in comparison to a healthy control sample using the Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test (RAVLT). For this study, a total of 299 patients with PD living in the city of Rio de Janeiro (70.

The interplay between sexual abuse and inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage in drug-naïve panic disorder patients.

Although accumulating evidence suggests an interplay between child abuse and inflammatory processes and the pathophysiology of mental disorders, few studies have investigated the cellular mechanisms related to this matter. Furthermore, no studies to date have evaluated cytokine, oxidative stress, and DNA damage levels in drug-naïve panic disorder (PD) patients and their possible association with childhood trauma. The aim of the present study was to determine the levels of the proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1B, the oxidative stress marker TBARS, and  8-hydroxy-2' -deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG; representing DNA damage) in drug-naïve PD patients compared to controls.

The Effects of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors (TKIs) in Monotherapy and with Add-on Treatments on Health-related Quality of Life of People with Chronic Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review of Randomized-Controlled Trials.

Background: The era of establishing tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) changed the outcome and the course of this life-threatening malignancy. People suffering from CML have now a better prognosis and a longer life expectancy due to the development of TKIs, even if it requires long-term, often lifelong, treatments that are nonetheless associated with improved Health-related Quality of life (HRQoL). However, data on the effects of TKIs on HRQoL are not always systematic; sometimes the data have been obtained by studies different from RCTs, or without a clear definition of what HRQoL is.

Lifetime psychopathology in the offspring of parents with anxiety disorders: A systematic review.

Background: The offspring of parents with Anxiety Disorders (AD) are at high risk for different types of psychopathology, including AD. However, little is known about how parental anxiety during pregnancy and/or the postnatal period might result in alterations in behavior or neurodevelopmental changes in offspring. To examine the effect of parental AD on offspring behavior and neurodevelopment, we conducted a systematic review.

Depression and anxiety among online learning students during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional survey in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic introduced a global need to explore the potential and challenges of online education.

Objective: To evaluate the presence of depression and anxiety in university students and their level of satisfaction with online learning during the period of social isolation caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: A cross-sectional design was used to evaluate 152 online learning students from six different university courses: Medicine, Psychology, Law, Engineering, Physiotherapy, and Business.

Improving the perception of respect for and the dignity of inpatients: a systematic review.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review is to find evidence to determine which strategies are effective for improving hospitalised patients' perception of respect and dignity.

Methods: A systematic review of the literature was conducted in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 guidelines. The MEDLINE/PubMed, PsycINFO and Cochrane Library databases were searched on 9 March 2021.

The relationship between emotional regulation and hemispheric lateralization in depression: a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

From a neurobiological perspective, diverse studies have associated emotional regulation with cognitive deficits. Structural and/or metabolic changes in the frontal cortex are often inferred from dysfunction in cognitive-emotional processing. In addition, electroencephalographic findings support the idea that alpha band oscillations are responses to these same processes.

A cross-sectional healthy-control study of serum inflammatory biomarkers interleukin (IL)-1B and IL-2R in panic disorder patients and their offspring.

Alterations in the immune system have been associated with a variety of mental illnesses. An increase in circulating inflammatory cytokines is observed not only in people with mental disorders but also in their first-degree relatives. A considerable amount of data support the link between immune system activation and panic disorder (PD) pathogenesis, while it is still unclear whether differential immunological reactivity represents a propensity, a measure of disease activity, or both.

Cytokine profile in drug-naïve panic disorder patients.

Although accumulating evidence suggests that inflammatory processes play a role in the pathophysiology of mental disorders, few studies have investigated this matter in panic disorder (PD). Furthermore, no studies to date have evaluated cytokine levels in drug-naïve patients with PD. Therefore, little is known about the presence of inflammation at the onset of this disorder.

Clinical Utility of Semistructured Interview and Scales to Assess Withdrawal Syndromes With Dose Reduction or Discontinuation of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors or Serotonin Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors.

Background: Withdrawal syndromes can occur after dose reduction or discontinuation of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs). Few measurement instruments are available to assess them: Diagnostic Clinical Interview for Drug Withdrawal 1-New Symptoms of SSRI and SNRI (DID-W1) and Discontinuation Emergent Signs and Symptoms (DESS) checklist. We assessed their interrater reliability, verified the percent agreement between the two, and tested DESS sensitivity and specificity on the basis of the diagnoses formulated via the DID-W1.

Physical abuse during childhood predicts IL-2R levels in adult panic disorder patients.

Background: Childhood maltreatment confers higher risk of adulthood mental disease. However, the biological mechanism mediating this association remains largely unknown, with evidence suggesting dysregulation of the immune system as a possible biological mediator. The present paper conducted a case-control study to establish whether early-life adversity contributes to potentially pathogenic pro-inflammatory phenotypes in adult Panic Disorder (PD) individuals.

Maternal immune activation generates anxiety in offspring: A translational meta-analysis.

Maternal immune activation (MIA) during pregnancy is recognized as an etiological risk factor for various psychiatric disorders, such as schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, and autism. Prenatal immune challenge may serve as a "disease primer" for alteration of the trajectory of fetal brain development that, in combination with other genetic and environmental factors, may ultimately result in the emergence of different psychiatric conditions. However, the association between MIA and an offspring's chance of developing anxiety disorders is less clear.