Life cycle water footprint of electric and internal combustion engine vehicles in China.

With the expansion of China's automobile market and the increase in the proportion of electric vehicles, the influence of the automobile industry on water resources has been increasingly, and as a result, water resources will become an important factor restricting the development of the electric vehicle industry in China. Until now, there are still no in-depth studies on the influences of the water footprint of electric vehicles. The paper establishes a life cycle assessment model by which to analyze the reduction potential of the water footprint of various types of passenger vehicles in their operation.

Development of a fully automatic separation system coupled with online ICP-MS for measuring rare earth elements in seawater.

Rare earth elements (REEs) are useful geological indicators of marine geochemistry. However, extremely low concentrations (sub-ng L) and high-salt matrices result in inefficient measurements. A fully automatic separation system (ELSPE-2 Precon) is used in the online determination of ultra-trace REEs in seawater using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.

Are electric vehicles cost competitive? A case study for China based on a lifecycle assessment.

Promoting the development of electric vehicles (EVs) is regarded as an important measure to ensure energy security, mitigate climate change, and solve the transport sector's air pollution problems. Nowadays, compared to gasoline vehicles, whether the EVs are more competitive in terms of cost is still a question. There is no consensus achieved since the total cost depends on the development stage of the automobile industry and power generation structure as well as the cost accounting boundary.

Strain-Driven Dyotropic Rearrangement: A Unified Ring-Expansion Approach to α-Methylene-γ-butyrolactones.

An unprecedented strain-driven dyotropic rearrangement of α-methylene-β-lactones has been realized, which enables the efficient access of a wide range of α-methylene-γ-butyrolactones displaying remarkable structural diversity. Several appealing features of the reaction, including excellent efficiency, high stereospecificity, predictable chemoselectivity and broad substrate scope, render it a powerful tool for the synthesis of MBL-containing molecules of either natural or synthetic origin. Both experimental and computational evidences suggest that the new variant of dyotropic rearrangements proceed in a dualistic pattern: while an asynchronous concerted mechanism most likely accounts for the reactions featuring hydrogen migration, a stepwise process involving a phenonium ion intermediate is favored in the cases of aryl migration.

Platelet Carcinoembryonic Antigen Cell Adhesion Molecule 5 (CEACAM5) as a Possible Novel Diagnostic Tool for Evaluation of Acute Coronary Syndrome.

BACKGROUND Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) occurs approximately every 40 seconds, and was an underlying cause of death in 1 out of every 7 deaths. More accurate indicators are needed to distinguish patients with ACS from patients manifesting negative changes in electrocardiogram (ECG) and myocardial enzymes. This study aimed to investigate whether the expression of platelet carcinoembryonic antigen cell adhesion molecule-5 (CEACAM5/CEA/CD66e) could help predict ACS.

Xinmailong Modulates Platelet Function and Inhibits Thrombus Formation the Platelet αIIbβ3-Mediated Signaling Pathway.

Xinmailong (XML), a bioactive composite extracted from , has been widely used to treat cardiovascular diseases such as congestive heart failure. However, it is unclear whether XML has antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects. The effects of XML on agonist-induced platelet aggregation, adhesion and spreading, granule secretion, integrin α II bβ3 activation, and thrombus formation were evaluated.

Tunability of liquid-infused silicone materials for biointerfaces.

The ability to control the properties of bio-inspired liquid-infused surfaces is of interest in a wide range of applications. Liquid layers created using oil-infused polydimethylsiloxane elastomers offer a potentially simple way of accomplishing this goal through the adjustment of parameters such as curing agent ratio and oil viscosity. In this work, the effect of tuning these compositional parameters on the properties of the infused polymer are investigated, including infusion dynamics, stiffness, longevity in the face of continuous liquid overlayer removal, and resistance to bacterial adhesion.

Asymmetric Total Syntheses of Insulicolide A, 14- O-Acetylinsulicolide A, 6β,9α-Dihydroxy-14- p-nitrobenzoylcinnamolide, and 7α,14-Dihydroxy-6β- p-nitrobenzoylconfertifolin.

Asymmetric total syntheses of insulicolide A, 14- O-acetylinsulicolide A, 6β,9α-dihydroxy-14- p-nitrobenzoyl cinnamolide, and 7α,14-dihydroxy-6β- p-nitrobenzoylconfertifolin have been achieved for the first time. The key steps in the synthesis include: (1) an iridium-catalyzed enantioselective polyene cyclization to construct the drimane core bearing two all-carbon quaternary chiral centers at C4 and C10 and (2) a cascade ozonolysis of the phenol ring to form the lactone fragment of the target molecules.

Probing the swelling-dependent mechanical and transport properties of polyacrylamide hydrogels through AFM-based dynamic nanoindentation.

Hydrogels are composed of a crosslinked polymer network and water. The constitutive behaviors of hydrogels have been modeled based on Flory-Huggins theory. Within this model, the thermodynamic and kinetic parameters are assumed to be of constant values and are typically characterized through swelling tests.

Degradable and biocompatible hydrogels bearing a hindered urea bond.

A hindered urea bond (HUB), recently reported as a new type of dynamic chemical bond, can be facilely constructed by mixing an isocyanate and a hindered amine. Here, we report the use of the HUB in the design of degradable hydrogel materials for applications of stem cell encapsulation and delivery. Polyethyleneglycol (PEG) diamine was end-capped with a HUB and an allyl group in a one-pot synthesis.

The relation between residual stress, interfacial structure and the joint property in the SiO/SiO-Nb joints.

In order to achieve a high-quality joint between SiO/SiO and metals, it is necessary to address the poor wettability of SiO/SiO and the high residual stress in SiO/SiO-Nb joint. Here, we simultaneously realize good wettability and low residual stress in SiO/SiO-Nb joint by combined method of HF etching treatment and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). After etching treatment, the wettability of E-SiO/SiO was improved, and the residual stress in the joint was decreased.

Unified solution for poroelastic oscillation indentation on gels for spherical, conical and cylindrical indenters.

An oscillation indentation method is developed for characterizing the local poroelastic properties of soft and hydrated materials such as hydrogels and biological tissues. In the dynamic oscillation indentation measurement, an indenter is pressed into the material to a certain depth and held for a period of time. After a plateau of force is reached, an oscillation of small depth is superimposed sweeping through a range of frequencies.

Aneurysm Formation After Endovascular Treatment of Acute Type A Dissection.

Recently, reports have described successful endovascular stent graft (ESG) treatment of patients with acute type A aortic dissection. We report 1 ESG treatment for this condition and the complication of a new aneurysm formation during a 6-month follow-up.

Effect of culture conditions on antifouling compound production of a sponge-associated fungus.

Microorganisms associated with invertebrate hosts have long been suggested to be a source for bioactive metabolites. In this study, we reported that a sponge-associated fungus, Letendraea helminthicola, produced two antifouling compounds: 3-methyl-N-(2-phenylethyl) butanamide and cyclo(D-Pro-D-Phe). To optimize the production of these antifouling compounds, we then examined the production of compounds under different culture conditions (temperature, salinity, pH, and carbon and nitrogen sources).