Rhoptry proteins affect the placental barrier in the context of Toxoplasma gondii infection: Signaling pathways and functions.

Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic and pathogenic obligate intracellular parasitic protozoan that is widespread worldwide and can infect most warm-blooded animals, seriously endangering human health and affecting livestock production. Toxoplasmosis caused by T. gondii infection has different clinical manifestations, which are mainly determined by the virulence of T.

New findings on CD16CD62L neutrophil subtypes in sepsis-associated ARDS: an observational clinical study.

Background: The CD16CD62L neutrophil subtype is a recently identified neutrophil subtype. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes of peripheral blood CD16CD62L neutrophils in patients with sepsis-associated ARDS.

Methods: We prospectively recruited adult patients with sepsis-associated ARDS in the intensive care unit (ICU).

Application and challenges of a metaverse in medicine.

Metaverse has been confirmed as a relatively amorphous concept of innovation, which refers to technological advancement. Metaverse, i.e.

Toxoplasma rhoptry proteins that affect encephalitis outcome.

Toxoplasma gondii, a widespread obligate intracellular parasite, can infect almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. The cellular barrier of the central nervous system (CNS) is generally able to protect the brain parenchyma from infectious damage. However, T.

Therapeutic dilemmas regarding giant aneurysms of the intracranial vertebral artery causing medulla oblongata compression.

Background: Giant aneurysms of the intracranial vertebral artery are very rare cerebrovascular lesions. Due to the rarity of these aneurysms, we know little about them.

Methods: We performed a systematic review of the English literature by searching the PubMed database.

Intracranial post-clipping residual or recurrent aneurysms: Current status and treatment options (Review).

Following the clipping of intracranial aneurysms, post-clipping residual or recurrent aneurysms (PCRRAs) can occur. In recent years, the incidence of PCRRAs has increased due to a prolonged follow-up period and advanced imaging techniques. However, several aspects of intracranial PCRRAs remain unclear.

Angiographic Evaluation and Endovascular Treatment Considerations of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations With a Transdural Blood Supply: A Single-Center Experience.

In rare circumstances, brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVMs) can recruit a transdural blood supply (TBS). The clinical and radiologic characteristics of BAVMs with a TBS are poorly understood. A retrospective review of the medical records was conducted for adult patients who were admitted for BAVMs from Jan 2013 to Dec 2019.

Role of the ophthalmic artery in the endovascular treatment for intracranial vascular diseases.

The ophthalmic artery (OA) is a crucial artery. Centered at the OA, there are numerous extracranial-intracranial anastomoses. The OA and its collaterals can be involved in some intracranial vascular diseases.

Saikosaponin A-Induced Gut Microbiota Changes Attenuate Severe Acute Pancreatitis through the Activation of Keap1/Nrf2-ARE Antioxidant Signaling.

Objective: Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a serious and life-threatening disease associated with multiple organ failure and a high mortality rate and is accompanied by distinct oxidative stress and inflammatory responses. Saikosaponin A has strong antioxidant properties and can affect the composition of gut microbiota. We sought to determine the effects of Saikosaponin A interventions on SAP by investigating the changes of gut microbiota and related antioxidant signaling.

Endovascular treatment for dural arteriovenous fistulas in the petroclival region.

Petroclival region dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) are rare and difficult lesions to manage. They often have very complex anatomical structures and can be further divided into the superior petrosal sinus, petrous apex, inferior petrosal sinus, upper clival, and upper clival epidural-osseous DAVFs. Most petroclival region DAVFs should be treated due to their high Cognard grades.

Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas With Brainstem Engorgement: An Under-Recognized Entity in Diagnosis and Treatment.

In rare circumstances, patients with intracranial (dural arteriovenous fistulas) DAVFs could be complicated with brainstem engorgement, which might lead to delayed or false diagnosis and subsequent improper management. On July 2th, 2019, a systematic search was conducted in the PubMed database for patients with intracranial DAVFs complicated with brainstem engorgement. Sixty-eight articles reporting of 86 patients were included for final analysis.

Gut rest strategy and trophic feeding in the acute phase of critical illness with acute gastrointestinal injury.

Critically ill patients frequently suffer from gastrointestinal dysfunction as the intestine is a vulnerable organ. In critically ill patients who require nutritional support, the current guidelines recommend the use of enteral nutrition within 24-48 h and advancing towards optimal nutritional goals over the next 48-72 h; however, this may be contraindicated in patients with acute gastrointestinal injury because overuse of the gut in the acute phase of critical illness may have an adverse effect on the prognosis. We propose that trophic feeding after 72 h, as a partial gut rest strategy, should be provided to critically ill patients during the acute phase of illness as an organ-protective strategy, especially for those with acute gastrointestinal injury.

Progress in Understanding the Relationship Between Circular RNAs and Neurological Disorders.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs), a type of endogenous noncoding RNAs distinct from linear forms, are produced by backsplicing events within genes. circRNAs are structurally stable, highly conserved molecules found widely in organisms, and display tissue-type and developmental-stage specific expression patterns, which reveal their significant regulatory functions in gene expression. Based on accumulating evidence, some circRNAs are now believed to be a class of competitive endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression.

Analysis of the clinical characteristics of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease in the Jilin province of northeastern China: A single-center study of 212 cases.

The present study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) in Jilin province in northeast China. A total of 212 cases of hemorrhagic MMD were consecutively enrolled from the First Hospital of Jilin University in Changchun, China between January 2011 and January 2015. The patients' general clinical data, including age and gender characteristics, history of previous illnesses, hemorrhage type and onset symptoms, Hunt-Hess classification at admission, imaging characteristics, association with aneurysms, treatments and prognosis, were recorded and analyzed using SPSS 19.

Current Understanding of Dolichoarteriopathies of the Internal Carotid Artery: A Review.

Dolichoarteriopathies of the internal carotid artery (DICAs) are not uncommon, and although several studies have investigated DICAs, several questions regarding the etiology and best management course for DICAs remain unanswered. It is also difficult to correlate the occurrence of DICAs with the onset of clinical symptoms. Therefore, we surveyed the literature in PubMed and performed a review of DICAs to offer a comprehensive picture of our understanding of DICAs.

[Effects of labile carbon addition on organic carbon mineralization and microbial growth strategies in subtropical forest soils.].

Deep soil is a major organic carbon pool in terrestrial ecosystems. Labile carbon inputs can stimulate soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization, causing priming effect, which in turn affects soil carbon emission. However, the mechanism of the priming effect in deep soil is still unclear.