Epigenome-wide Association Analysis of Mitochondrial Heteroplasmy Provides Insight into Molecular Mechanisms of Disease.

The relationship between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) heteroplasmy and nuclear DNA (nDNA) methylation (CpGs) remains to be studied. We conducted an epigenome-wide association analysis of heteroplasmy burden scores across 10,986 participants (mean age 77, 63% women, and 54% non-White races/ethnicities) from seven population-based observational cohorts. We identified 412 CpGs (FDR p < 0.

Hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus associate with postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Objective: To investigate the associations between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of postoperative CRS recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on clinical data of CRS patients who underwent surgery at our center between February 2019 and March 2022 and were followed up until June 2023. All CRS patients were categorized into two subgroups based on the presence of T2DM and postoperative recurrence.

Genetic Diversity and Population Structure Analysis of Germplasm Resources in Jiangxi Province.

This study aimed to compare and assess the genetic diversity and trends among the introduced family provenance, first-cycle superior trees breeding provenance, and improved-generation superior trees breeding provenance of using EST-SSR markers. The goal was to provide a foundation for advanced genetic improvement and sustainable utilization of in Jiangxi Province. A total of 417 individuals were analyzed for their genetic diversity and population structure using 19 pairs of SSR markers.

[Preliminary Study of the Role of INPP4B in Promoting Colorectal Cancer Metastasis and the Mechanisms Involved].

Objective: To investigate the expression of inositol polyphosphate 4-phosphatase type Ⅱ B (INPP4B) in colorectal cancer (CRC) and the relevant clinical significance, to determine the relationship between INPP4B and matrix metallopeptidase 7 (MMP7) in CRC cells, and to make preliminary exploration of the effects of INPP4B on the proliferation and migration of CRC cells and mechanisms involved.

Methods: The TIMER2.0 and GEPIA2 databases were used to analyze the differences in expression between cancer and para-cancerous tissues and the effects of such differences on the prognosis of CRC.

Association analysis of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmic variants: Methods and application.

We rigorously assessed a comprehensive association testing framework for heteroplasmy, employing both simulated and real-world data. This framework employed a variant allele fraction (VAF) threshold and harnessed multiple gene-based tests for robust identification and association testing of heteroplasmy. Our simulation studies demonstrated that gene-based tests maintained an appropriate type I error rate at α = 0.

Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification for Diagnosis of Zoonotic Malaria.

Zoonotic malaria, caused by Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium cynomolgi, Plasmodium coatneyi, and Plasmodium inui, is a significant global health concern. The gold standard microscopy, while widely used for malaria diagnosis, faces limitations in differentiating between malaria species. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), despite its accuracy, is characterized by high costs and time-consuming procedures.

Plant YABBY transcription factors: a review of gene expression, biological functions, and prospects.

Transcription factors often contain several different functional regions, including DNA-binding domains, and play an important regulatory role in plant growth, development, and the response to external stimuli. YABYY transcription factors are plant-specific and contain two special domains (N-terminal CC zinc-finger and C-terminal helix-loop-helix domains) that are indispensable. Specifically, YABBY transcription factors play key roles in maintaining the polarity of the adaxial-abaxial axis of leaves, as well as in regulating: vegetative and reproductive growth, hormone response, stress resistance, and secondary metabolite synthesis in plants.

Real-time fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for detection of zoonotic malaria Plasmodium parasites.

Background: Natural human infections by Plasmodium cynomolgi and P. inui have been reported recently and gain the substantial attention from Southeast Asian countries. Zoonotic transmission of non-human malaria parasites to humans from macaque monkeys occurred through the bites of the infected mosquitoes.

Recombinase-Aided Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification on Human Plasmodium knowlesi.

Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid amplification technique that can amplify specific nucleic acids at a constant temperature (63-65°C) within a short period (<1 hour). In this study, we report the utilization of recombinase-aided LAMP to specifically amplify the 18S sRNA of Plasmodium knowlesi. The method was built on a conventional LAMP assay by inclusion of an extra enzyme, namely recombinase, into the master mixture.

Association analysis of mitochondrial DNA heteroplasmic variants: methods and application.

We rigorously assessed a comprehensive association testing framework for heteroplasmy, employing both simulated and real-world data. This framework employed a variant allele fraction (VAF) threshold and harnessed multiple gene-based tests for robust identification and association testing of heteroplasmy. Our simulation studies demonstrated that gene-based tests maintained an appropriate type I error rate at α=0.

A visualized hybrid PCR-LAMP assay for the detection of human Plasmodium species.

Combining the advantages of PCR and LAMP, we described a new technique, namely PCR-LAMP, for malaria diagnosis. The whole process of DNA amplification can be completed in 35 min. This hybrid amplification technique markedly improved the sensitivity of detection compared to the classic single PCR or LAMP assay alone.

LdCyPA attenuates MAPK pathway to assist Leishmania donovani immune escape in host cells.

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease affecting millions of people worldwide. Macrophages serve as the primary host cells for L. donovani, the immune response capability of these host cells is crucial for parasites' intracellular survival.

Stimulated emission in a CuInS/ZnS core-shell quantum-dot-doped liquid-core optical fiber.

We fabricated QD liquid-core optical fibers by doping / (CIS/ZnS) core/shell QDs with cladding times of 90 and 60 min, respectively, and compared and analyzed their emission properties with those of bare core QDs. For CIS/ZnS core/shell QDs (with cladding time of 90 min) doped fibers, their emission transmits the longest distance in the fiber, and the emission intensity is approximately 4.73 times that of bare-core QD-doped fibers.

Identification of algicidal monoterpenoids from four chemotypes of Cinnamomum camphora and their algicidal mechanisms on Microcystis aeruginosa.

Cyanobacterial blooms cause serious environmental issues, and plant secondary metabolites are considered as new algaecide for controlling them. Cinnamomum camphora produces a wide spectrum of terpenoids and has 4 main chemotypes, including linalool, camphor, eucalyptol and borneol chemotype. To develop the new cyanobacterial algaecide by using suitable chemotype of Cinnamomum camphora and the main terpenoids, we analyzed the terpenoid composition in the 4 chemotype extracts, evaluated the algicidal effects of the extracts and their typical monoterpenoids on Microcystis aeruginosa, and investigated the algicidal mechanism of the stronger algicidal agents.

Alcohol consumption and epigenetic age acceleration across human adulthood.

The alcohol-associated biological aging remains to be studied across adulthood. We conducted linear regression analyses to investigate the associations between alcohol consumption and two DNA methylation-based biological age acceleration metrics in 3823 Framingham Heart Study participants (24-92 years and 53.8% women) adjusting for covariates.