Help-seeking behaviour in primary care of men and women with a history of abuse: A Dutch cohort study.

Background: Previous studies show an association between a history of abuse and higher care demand. However, studies in general practice regarding help-seeking behaviour by patients (mainly male patients) with a history of abuse are scarce.

Objectives: To analyse help-seeking behaviour in general practice of men and women with a history of abuse.

Sex-Gender Differences in the Effectiveness of Treatment of Irritable Bowel Syndrome: A Systematic Review.

Background: In recent years, research on sex-gender differences in health care has increasingly recognized that men and women differ in the way symptoms occur, in risk factors for certain conditions and in the way they respond to the same treatment. A disease that is known to often present differently in women and men is irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Given the difference in prevalence, predominant symptoms and possible other pathophysiology, it is conceivable that a difference in treatment effectiveness in men and women is a discovery waiting to be found.

Gender awareness among medical students in a Swiss University.

Background: Gender is an important social determinant, that influences healthcare. The lack of awareness on how gender influences health might lead to gender bias and can contribute to substandard patient care. Our objectives were to assess gender sensitivity and the presence of gender stereotypes among swiss medical students.

Underreported and unknown student harassment at the Faculty of Science.

Reports of sexual harassment at medical faculties throughout the world, including the Radboud University, raised the question how prevalent this is at the Faculty of Science. We performed a survey among students to assess their experiences with harassment. This questionnaire consisted of questions from the EGERA survey, a questionnaire held among staff of multiple European Universities.

[Mindfulness for medical, surgical and psychiatric residents].

Mindfulness based stress reduction (mbsr) has been demonstrated to result in a reduction of stress and improvement of well-being in both healthy volunteers and the general population.
AIM: To examine the effect of mbsr on burnout symptoms, well-being and professional development in medical, surgical and psychiatric residents. METHODS A randomised controlled trial of 148 medical, surgical and psychiatric residents of the Radboud umc, half of whom immediately participated in mbsr and half after a three-month waiting period.

[Subfertility in mentally disabled people who desire to have children: how to give balanced advice].

When people with a mental disability fail to conceive naturally, they also like to be considered for fertility treatment. However, the GP, gynaecologist or fertility specialist may question their parenting competence. Physicians may and can refuse fertility treatment if they have reasons to suspect that the child will have a poor quality of life.

[Drug-facilitated sexual assault; frequently used substances, symptoms and toxicological investigation].

Drug-facilitated sexual assault (DFSA) is a term used to describe incidents of sexual assault in which the victim is incapacitated and/or unable to provide consent to the sexual act as a result of drug or alcohol consumption. There are two types: 'proactive' in which the victim is covertly administered an incapacitating or disinhibiting substance by an assailant for the purpose of sexual assault; and 'opportunistic' in which a perpetrator engages in sexual activity with a victim who is profoundly intoxicated by his or her actions, to the point of near or actual unconsciousness. Alcohol is the drug most commonly found in alleged sexual assault cases.

To select or be selected - gendered experiences in clinical training affect medical students' specialty preferences.

Background: The literature investigating female and male medical students' differing career intentions is extensive. However, medical school experiences and their implications for professional identity formation and specialty choice have attracted less attention. In this study we explore the impact of medical school experiences on students' specialty preferences, investigate gender similarities and differences, and discuss how both might be related to gender segregation in specialty preference.

Young People, Adult Worries: Randomized Controlled Trial and Feasibility Study of the Internet-Based Self-Support Method "Feel the ViBe" for Adolescents and Young Adults Exposed to Family Violence.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) are of special interest in a group of children exposed to family violence (FV). Past-year prevalence of exposure to FV is known to be highest in AYAs and has severe consequences. Peer support is an effective approach to behavior change and the Internet is considered suitable as a mode of delivery.

Violent Female Offenders Compared With Violent Male Offenders on Psychological Determinants of Aggressive Behavior.

Psychological determinants of aggressive behavior (personality traits and problem behaviors) in 59 Dutch female offenders (outpatients and detainees) were compared with those in 170 male offenders (outpatients and detainees) who were all convicted of a violent crime. The violent female offenders scored significantly higher on neuroticism and trait anger, and significantly lower on hostility than the male offenders; however, effect sizes were small. A subgroup of female forensic psychiatric outpatients did not differ from a subgroup of male outpatients on all measures, whereas a subgroup of female detainees scored significantly higher on anger and aggression, but lower on hostility and psychopathy than did a subgroup of male detainees.

The Effect of Comorbidity on Glycemic Control and Systolic Blood Pressure in Type 2 Diabetes: A Cohort Study with 5 Year Follow-Up in Primary Care.

Aims: To explore the longitudinal effect of chronic comorbid diseases on glycemic control (HbA1C) and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in type 2 diabetes patients.

Methods: In a representative primary care cohort of patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes in The Netherlands (n = 610), we tested differences in the five year trend of HbA1C and SBP according to comorbidity profiles. In a mixed model analysis technique we corrected for relevant covariates.

Treatment by a nurse practitioner in primary care improves the severity and impact of urinary incontinence in women. An observational study.

Background: Urinary Incontinence (UI) is a common problem in women. The management of UI in primary care is time consuming and suboptimal. Shift of incontinence-care from General Practitioners (GP's) to a nurse practitioner maybe improves the quality of care.

Teaching geriatrics using an innovative, individual-centered educational game: students and educators win. A proof-of-concept study.

Given the increasingly aging population, nearly every doctor will encounter elderly adults who present with multiple complex comorbidities that can challenge even experienced physicians. This may explain why many medical students do not have a positive attitude toward elderly adults and find the complexity of their problems overwhelming. It was hypothesized that a recently developed medical school geriatrics course, based on the game GeriatriX and designed specifically to address the complexities associated with decision-making in geriatrics, can have a positive effect on attitudes toward geriatrics and on perceived knowledge of geriatrics.

The effect of gender medicine education in GP training: a prospective cohort study.

The purpose of this study is to compare the change in general practitioner (GP) trainees' gender awareness following a modular gender medicine programme or a mainstream gender medicine programme. In 2007, a prospective study was conducted in three cohorts of in total 207 GP trainees who entered GP training in the Netherlands. The outcome measure was the Nijmegen Gender Awareness in Medicine Scale and a 16-item gender knowledge questionnaire.

The role of maternity care providers in promoting shared decision making regarding birthing positions during the second stage of labor.

Introduction: Through the use of a variety of birthing positions during the second stage of labor, a woman can increase progress, improve outcomes, and have a positive birth experience. The role that a maternity care provider has in determining which position a woman uses during the second stage of labor has not been thoroughly explored. The purpose of this qualitative investigation was to explore how maternity care providers communicate with women during the second stage of labor regarding birthing position.

Few gender differences in specialty preferences and motivational factors: a cross-sectional Swedish study on last-year medical students.

Background: Today, women constitute about half of medical students in several Western societies, yet women physicians are still underrepresented in surgical specialties and clustered in other branches of medicine. Gender segregation in specialty preference has been found already in medical school. It is important to study the career preferences of our future physicians, as they will influence the maintenance of an adequate supply of physicians in all specialties and the future provision of health care.

Influence on birthing positions affects women's sense of control in second stage of labour.

Objective: to explore whether choices in birthing positions contributes to women's sense of control during birth.

Design: survey using a self-report questionnaire. Multiple regression analyses were used to investigate which factors associated with choices in birthing positions affected women's sense of control.

Prevalence and incidence density rates of chronic comorbidity in type 2 diabetes patients: an exploratory cohort study.

Background: Evidence-based diabetes guidelines generally neglect comorbidity, which may interfere with diabetes management. The prevalence of comorbidity described in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) shows a wide range depending on the population selected and the comorbid diseases studied. This exploratory study aimed to establish comorbidity rates in an unselected primary-care population of patients with T2D.

Consumer satisfaction among patients and their general practitioners about involving nurse specialists in primary care for patients with urinary incontinence.

Background: Urinary incontinence (UI) is a very common problem, but existing guidelines on UI are not followed. To bring care in line with guidelines, we planned an intervention to involve nurse specialists on UI in primary care and assessed this in a randomised controlled trial. Alongside this intervention, we assessed consumer satisfaction among patients and general practitioners (GPs).

Expert consensus on gender criteria for assessment in medical communication education.

Objective: The aim of this study is to develop gender criteria that can be included in communication skills assessment in medical education.

Methods: A three-round Delphi study was conducted. The invited 59 participants were experts in the field of gender medicine education (n = 28) and doctor-patient communication (n = 31).

Comparing gender awareness in Dutch and Swedish first-year medical students--results from a questionaire.

Background: To ascertain good and appropriate healthcare for both women and men implementation of gender perspectives in medical education is needed. For a successful implementation, knowledge about students' attitudes and beliefs about men, women, and gender is crucial. The aim of this study was to compare attitudes to gender and gender stereotyping among Dutch and Swedish male and female medical students.

[Acute coronary syndrome in women below 60 years of age].

Women below 60 years of age with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) have higher in-hospital and 1-year mortality rates than similarly aged men, despite the lower prevalence of obstructive coronary artery disease. When ACS occurs, gender differences in symptom presentation result in later recognition by female patients themselves and by their doctors. Women with ACS have relatively more pain in the neck, back and shoulders with concomitant vaso-vegetative symptoms, feelings of anxiety, fatigue, and dyspnoea in comparison with the classical chest pain syndrome that is more prevalent in men.