Aspirin therapy for inhibition of platelet reactivity in the presence of erythrocytes in patients with vascular disease.

Inhibition of erythrocyte (RBC) promotion of platelet reactivity could improve the antiplatelet effect of aspirin (ASA). We tested different ASA regimens for optimal inhibition of platelets and the effects of RBC in patients with a history of vascular diseases. Collagen-induced platelet activation (14C-5HT, TXA2 release) and platelet recruitment (proaggregatory activity of cell-free releasates from activated platelets) were measured in PRP, platelet-RBC (Hct 40%), and whole blood (WB) in 206 patients initially on 200-300-mg ASA/day.

A photoelectron photoion coincidence study of the vinyl bromide and tribromoethane ion dissociation dynamics: heats of formation of C2H3+, C2H3Br, C2H3Br+, C2H3Br2+, and C2H3Br3.

The threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) technique has been used to measure accurate dissociative photoionization onsets of vinyl bromide and 1,1,2-tribromoethane. The reactions investigated and their 0 K onsets are C2H3Br + hnu --> C2H3+ + Br (11.902 +/- 0.

Adherence to aspirin in secondary prevention of ischemic stroke.

Objective: Compliance with antiplatelet therapy is essential for the efficiency of secondary prevention of ischemic stroke. The objective of this study was to evaluate adherence to aspirin treatment in patients with ischemic stroke.

Patients And Methods: We studied outpatients of 5 neurological ambulatory centers in an urban city, Valencia, all with a history of ischemic stroke who had received aspirin for at least 6 months.

Bioavailability of two oral formulations of loratadine 20 mg with concomitant ketoconazole: an open-label, randomized, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican adult volunteers.

Background: Loratadine is a long-acting antihistamine with selective peripheral histamine H(1)-receptor antagonistic activity and fewer sedative effects compared with conventional antihistamines, and is widely used in Mexico. Although several generic formulations of loratadine are available in Mexico, based on a literature search, information concerning the bioavailability of each formulation in the Mexican population is not available.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the bioavailability and tolerability of 2 oral formulations of loratadine 20 mg (two 10-mg tablets) used in Mexico: Sensibit (test formulation; Laboratorios Liomont S.

Bioavailability of two oral formulations of azithromycin 500 mg: a randomized, open-label, two-period crossover comparison in healthy Mexican adult subjects.

Background: Azithromycin is related to erythromycin but is more active against gram-negative bacteria and less active against streptococci and staphylococci compared with erythromycin. For these reasons, and because of convenience of dosing (QD for 3 days), azithromycin is widely used in Mexico. Although several generic formulations of azithromycin are available in Mexico, information concerning the bioavailability of each formulation in the Mexican population is not available.

Internal auditory canal: pre- and postnatal growth.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to describe the size and shape of the internal auditory canal (IAC) during development.

Study Design: The study was conducted in 98 dried temporal bones from 7-month-old fetuses to adults. Silicone mould casts of the IAC were used.

Threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence studies of parallel and sequential dissociation reactions.

Recent advances in threshold photoelectron photoion coincidence (TPEPICO) make possible the analysis of several parallel and sequential dissociations of energy selected ions. The use of velocity focusing optics for the simultaneous collection of threshold and energetic electrons not only improves the resolution, but also permits subtraction of coincidences associated with "hot" electrons, thereby yielding TPEPICO data with no contamination from "hot" electrons. The data analysis takes into account the thermal energy distribution of the sample and uses statistical theory rate constants and energy partitioning in dissociation reactions to model the time of flight distributions and the breakdown diagram.

Mass spectrometry study of the fragmentation of valence and core-shell (Cl 2p) excited CHCl3 and CDCl3 molecules.

The dissociative photoionization of the chloroform and chloroform-d molecules has been studied in the valence region and around the chlorine 2p edge. Time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the coincidence mode-namely, photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO)-was employed. He I lamp and tunable synchrotron radiation were used as light sources.

[Clinical usefulness of transcranial Doppler in diagnosis of brain death].

Background And Objective: The use of transcranial doppler (TD) for the assessment of critical neurological patients and brain death (BD) is steadily growing. In this study we describe the daily clinical practice around BD diagnosis and compare the usefulness of TD, including advantages and shortcomings, with that of other tests.

Patients And Method: A series of 100 patients diagnosed of brain death is presented including the demographic and clinical data as well as the results of ancillary tests (CE).

Association between inflammation and hemostatic markers in atherothrombotic stroke.

Introduction: It has been reported that the influence of fibrinogen on the incidence of ischemic events is related to inflammation processes and reflects an association with advance atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of thrombogenic and inflammatory profiles in patients who have suffered a stroke.

Materials And Methods: The study involved 17 patients with atherothrombotic stroke and 34 healthy subjects as control group.

Identification of novel isoform-selective inhibitors within class I histone deacetylases.

Histone deacetylases (HDACs) represent an expanding family of protein modifying-enzymes that play important roles in cell proliferation, chromosome remodeling, and gene transcription. We have previously shown that recombinant human HDAC8 can be expressed in bacteria and retain its catalytic activity. To further explore the catalytic activity of HDACs, we expressed two additional human class I HDACs, HDAC1 and HDAC3, in baculovirus.

Comparison of triflusal and aspirin for prevention of vascular events in patients after cerebral infarction: the TACIP Study: a randomized, double-blind, multicenter trial.

Background And Purpose: The efficacy of the antiplatelet agent triflusal for prevention of vascular events after stroke has been reported in a pilot study. However, there is a need to confirm those results in a larger study.

Methods: We performed a randomized, double-blind, multicenter study to test the efficacy of triflusal (600 mg/d) versus aspirin (325 mg/d) for prevention of vascular events in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack (Triflusal versus Aspirin in Cerebral Infarction Prevention [TACIP]).

Induction and superinduction of growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45 (GADD45) alpha and beta messenger RNAs by histone deacetylase inhibitors trichostatin A (TSA) and butyrate in SW620 human colon carcinoma cells.

Histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors such as trichostatin (TSA) and butyrate have been shown to inhibit cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and regulate the expression of genes involved in cell cycle. Although the precise mechanism underlying HDAC inhibitor-induced cell growth arrest is not fully understood, induction of cell cycle related genes such as p21(cip/waf), is thought to be important. Here we showed that in the SW620 human colon cancer cell line, TSA and butyrate induced the growth arrest and DNA damage gene 45alpha (GADD45alpha) and GADD45beta.

The -174 G/C polymorphism of the interleukin-6 gene promoter is associated with Alzheimer's disease in an Italian population [corrected].

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine playing a crucial role in inflammation and tissue injury. A role for this molecule in neurodegeneration and Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been proposed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between a common polymorphism of the IL-6 gene promoter and AD in the Italian population.

[High eradication rates in Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer who failed previous eradication therapy].

Background: To analyze the effectiveness of a second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection in patients with duodenal ulcer based on previous antibiotic regimen.

Patients And Methods: Open, prospective, uncontrolled study, but guided by protocol including 30 consecutive patients with endoscopic diagnosis of active duodenal ulcer and failure of a first-line H. pylori eradication treatment diagnosed by urea breath test or a new endoscopy with histology and positive urease test.

Antagonizing the parathyroid calcium receptor stimulates parathyroid hormone secretion and bone formation in osteopenic rats.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is an effective bone anabolic agent, but it must be administered parenterally. An orally active anabolic agent would provide a valuable alternative for treating osteoporosis. NPS 2143 is a novel, selective antagonist (a "calcilytic") of the parathyroid cell Ca(2+) receptor.

Prediction of the intestinal absorption of endothelin receptor antagonists using three theoretical methods of increasing complexity.

Purpose: Three new computational strategies have been evaluated for their ability to predict intestinal membrane permeability to a series of endothelin receptor antagonists.

Methods: The three methods were evaluated using a set of ten nonpeptide endothelin receptor antagonists. The simplest method, "the rule of five", is based on 2D parameters such as the number of potential hydrogen bonds, molecular weight and calculated lipophilicity.

Neurologic complications associated with hepatitis C virus infection.

A series of nine patients with neurologic complications of hepatitis C virus infection is reported. Seven patients presented a combination of chronic sensory polyneuropathy, multineuropathy, and encephalopathy related to cryoglobulinemia. The noncryoglobulinemic symptoms consisted of an anterior optic neuropathy and a restless legs syndrome with small-fiber neuropathy.

[Delayed hospitalization of the patient with acute stroke].

Introduction And Objective: We analyze the main factors influencing the time delay between onset and admission to the hospital in acute stroke.

Patients And Methods: Consecutive series of 1,344 patients with acute stroke or transient ischemic attack admitted at two reference hospitals of Valencia and included at the same stroke register. Factors assessed were age, sex, vascular risk factors, stroke onset and arrival at hospital, stroke severity and stroke subtype.

[Lacunar infarct and deep cerebral hemorrhage: a comparison of the risk factors].

Introduction: Lacunar infarcts (LI) and deep cerebral hemorrhages (DCH) have the same localization and a vasculopathy which appears to be similar, at the level of the small perforating arteries, classically attributed to arterial hypertension (AHT).

Objectives: To compare the vascular risk factors of patients with lacunar ictus (LIc) and those with DCH, to try to determine how these may affect the appearance of one type of stroke or another.

Patients And Methods: We analyzed a prospective consecutive series of patients with cerebral vascular accidents (CVA), selecting 1,540 patients in the first 1,155 with a first CVA.

[Acute myocarditis caused by varicella virus].

We describe a case of acute myocarditis subsequent to varicella virus infection. We comment on the rarity of the clinical entity together with the nonspecificity of the routine diagnostic technique (EKG, X-ray, echocardiography study, routine laboratory, etc.) linked with the excellent gain of antibodies cardiac gammagraphy joined with viral serology, after the primary suspicion factor prior to the presence of skin lesions, fever and thoracic pain.

Circadian variation in acute ischemic stroke: a hospital-based study.

Background And Purpose: We investigated circadian rhythm in ischemic stroke onset and its subtypes, differentiating between first-ever stroke and recurrent stroke.

Methods: A consecutive series of 1223 patients with ischemic stroke was admitted at 2 reference hospitals; the time of onset of symptoms was obtained, differentiating between onset while asleep and awake. We compared circadian rhythm between stroke types and between first-ever and recurrent stroke.

Erythrocyte promotion of platelet reactivity decreases the effectiveness of aspirin as an antithrombotic therapeutic modality: the effect of low-dose aspirin is less than optimal in patients with vascular disease due to prothrombotic effects of erythrocytes on platelet reactivity.

Background: Aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid, ASA) is widely used for secondary prevention of ischemic vascular events, although its protection only occurs in 25% of patients. We previously demonstrated that platelet reactivity is enhanced by a prothrombotic effect of erythrocytes in a thromboxane-independent manner. This diminishes the antithrombotic therapeutic potential of ASA.