Returning to Work After Childbirth and Women's Mental Health: The Place of Work-Family Conflict and of Social Supports in a Population of Working Mothers in Paris Area.

Objective: Analyzing in a cross-sectional study the factors associated with mental health in 1511 recently delivered women returning to work, the mediating role of work-family interface, and the moderating role of social supports.

Methods: Data were collected at 3 months after returning to work to assess work characteristics (Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire), work-family conflict (Survey Work-Home Interaction Nijmegen), anxiodepressive symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), commuting, childcare, household demands, and social supports.

Results: Anxiety and, to a lesser extent, depressive symptoms were associated with work factors, the opposite for the nonwork demands.

Distinct baseline immune characteristics associated with responses to conjugated and unconjugated pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccines in older adults.

Pneumococcal infections cause serious illness and death among older adults. The capsular polysaccharide vaccine PPSV23 and conjugated alternative PCV13 can prevent these infections; yet, underlying immunological responses and baseline predictors remain unknown. We vaccinated 39 older adults (>60 years) with PPSV23 or PCV13 and observed comparable antibody responses (day 28) and plasmablast transcriptional responses (day 10); however, the baseline predictors were distinct.

Reduced quantity and function of pneumococcal antibodies are associated with exacerbations of COPD in SPIROMICS.

While hypogammaglobulinemia is associated with COPD exacerbations, it is unknown whether frequent exacerbators have specific defects in antibody production/function. We hypothesized that reduced quantity/function of serum pneumococcal antibodies correlate with exacerbation risk in the SPIROMICS cohort. We measured total pneumococcal IgG in n = 764 previously vaccinated participants with COPD.

Increased incidence of pathogenic variants in ATM in the context of testing for breast and ovarian cancer predisposition.

Pathogenic Variants (PV) in major cancer predisposition genes are only identified in approximately 10% of patients with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer (HBOC) syndrome. Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) leads to the characterization of incidental variants in genes other than those known to be associated with HBOC syndrome. The aim of this study was to determine if such incidental PV were specific to a phenotype.

Risk of Exacerbation and Pneumonia with Single-Inhaler Triple versus Dual Therapy in IMPACT.

In the IMPACT (Informing the Pathway of COPD Treatment) trial, single-inhaler fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium/vilanterol (FF/UMEC/VI) triple therapy reduced exacerbation risk versus FF/VI and UMEC/VI and mortality risk versus UMEC/VI. However, pneumonia incidence was higher in the inhaled corticosteroid (FF)-containing arms, raising questions about the relative benefit of exacerbation reduction compared with the increased risk of pneumonia. Determine benefit-risk of the three treatments by evaluating time-to-first and rates of composite exacerbation or pneumonia outcomes.

Classical and lectin complement pathways and markers of inflammation for investigation of susceptibility to infections among healthy older adults.

Background: There is increasing recognition of the significance of chronic, low-level inflammation in older adults, or "inflammaging." Innate immune responses and host-bacterial interactions are recognized as key factors in inflammaging. Inflammatory cytokine IL-6, and complement protein C1q have been identified as biomarkers for the development of frailty and aging-related diseases.

Serum IgG Levels and Risk of COPD Hospitalization: A Pooled Meta-analysis.

Background: Hypogammaglobulinemia (serum IgG levels < 7.0 g/L) has been associated with increased risk of COPD exacerbations but has not yet been shown to predict hospitalizations.

Research Question: To determine the relationship between hypogammaglobulinemia and the risk of hospitalization in patients with COPD.

Machine Learning and Prediction of All-Cause Mortality in COPD.

Background: COPD is a leading cause of mortality.

Research Question: We hypothesized that applying machine learning to clinical and quantitative CT imaging features would improve mortality prediction in COPD.

Study Design And Methods: We selected 30 clinical, spirometric, and imaging features as inputs for a random survival forest.

Peripheral CD4 T follicular cells induced by a conjugated pneumococcal vaccine correlate with enhanced opsonophagocytic antibody responses in younger individuals.

Background: PCV13 (conjugated polysaccharide) and PPSV23 (polysaccharide only) are two licensed vaccines targeting S. pneumoniae. The role of CD4 T-cell responses in pneumococcal vaccines among healthy participants and their impact on antibodies is not yet known.

Pulmonary artery enlargement and mortality risk in moderate to severe COPD: results from COPDGene.

Pulmonary artery enlargement on chest CT imaging is independently associated with all-cause mortality in moderate-severe COPD, after adjustment for other known risk factors for COPD mortality and cardiovascular disease.

Measuring quantity and function of pneumococcal antibodies in immunoglobulin products.

Background: Immunoglobulin replacement therapy is a cornerstone of the treatment of primary immunodeficiencies. Preparations used for replacement therapy are processed by purifying immunoglobulins from large pools of plasma, which were obtained from healthy donors. The constituent antibodies in these products depend on the immune history of the donor pool as well as manufacturing processes that differ among manufacturers.

Interlaboratory variability in multiplexed pneumococcal antibody testing.

This pragmatic, updated assessment of variability among pneumococcal antibody assays suggests that variability may now be greater than previously reported, and potentially influential in clinical decision making.

[Pregnancy at work in the health professions, monitoring and follow-up].

A study was conducted with occupational health services to describe the progress of occupational pregnancies in the health sector. Compared to female administrative employees and workers, health sector employees were particularly exposed to more than five risks for pregnancy. Workplace adaptations observed are infrequent and work stoppages are particularly numerous.

Measuring immune responses to pneumococcal vaccines.

Quantitative assays that measure immune response to pneumococcal vaccines are not only important for the evaluation of vaccine immunogenicity and efficacy, but are also utilized in the clinical diagnosis of immune deficiency syndromes. Analytical methods have progressed in order to meet changing demands in both of these areas, from early methods to ELISA, and most recently multiplex bead array assays and opsonophagocytosis assays (OPA). It is necessary to understand the evolution of such techniques and the criteria for their interpretation in order to better inform the application of currently available methods, and to guide future investigation into assay development.

[Occupational risks during pregnancy: Feedback from occupational medical services].

Objectives: To describe the follow-up of pregnancies at work and exposures to pregnancy occupational hazards.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed between January and December 2014 in occupational health services of Languedoc-Roussillon region. Eligible workers were interviewed by occupational health physicians (OHPs) after delivery and at the time of returning to work (exposure, anticipation, prevention, communication, sick leave).

Exposure to occupational hazards for pregnancy and sick leave in pregnant workers: a cross-sectional study.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the association between exposure to occupational hazards for pregnancy and sick leave (SL) in pregnant workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed in French occupational health services in 2014. Occupational hazards for pregnancy were assessed by occupational health physicians (OHPs).

[Job coding (PCS 2003): feedback from a study conducted in an Occupational Health Service].

Aim: To examine the quality of manual job coding carried out by occupational health teams with access to a software application that provides assistance in job and business sector coding (CAPS). Methods: Data from a study conducted in an Occupational Health Service were used to examine the first-level coding of 1,495 jobs by occupational health teams according to the French job classification entitled “PSC- Professions and socio-professional categories” (INSEE, 2003 version). A second level of coding was also performed by an experienced coder and the first and second level codes were compared.

Indirect Effects of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccines in National Immunization Programs for Children on Adult Pneumococcal Disease.

The pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) was developed to overcome the limitations of the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine, which produces poor immunogenicity in infants younger than 2 years. As many countries have included PCVs in national immunization programs for children, the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease caused by vaccine type Streptococcus pneumoniae has declined markedly, not only among the vaccinated pediatric population, but also among unvaccinated adults. In this review, we present a concise overview of the indirect effects of mass pediatric PCV immunization on unvaccinated adults.

Deprivation, occupational hazards and perinatal outcomes in pregnant workers.

Background: Recent global economic difficulties have widened social inequalities, but their impact on pregnant workers is not known.

Aims: To investigate the association between deprivation, exposure to occupational hazards and adverse perinatal outcomes in pregnant workers.

Methods: A cross-sectional study performed in 2014 in French occupational health services.

Clinical, pathological, and molecular data on desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma: case studies and a review of the literature.

The aim of this study was to better define the clinical and biopathological features of patients with desmoplastic/nodular medulloblastoma (DNMB) and to further characterize this subgroup. 17 children aged < 5 years, with initial DNMB treated according to the HIT-SKK protocol, were evaluated. A retrospective central radiological review, a pathological and immunohistochemical study, and array-CGH and sequencing of germline SUFU and PTCH1 genes were performed.