In vivo detection of head and neck tumors by hyperspectral imaging combined with deep learning methods.

Currently, there are no fast and accurate screening methods available for head and neck cancer, the eighth most common tumor entity. For this study, we used hyperspectral imaging, an imaging technique for quantitative and objective surface analysis, combined with deep learning methods for automated tissue classification. As part of a prospective clinical observational study, hyperspectral datasets of laryngeal, hypopharyngeal and oropharyngeal mucosa were recorded in 98 patients before surgery in vivo.

[Integrity of swallowing apparatus-past, present, and future].

Background: Swallowing is one of the most complex movement patterns. The integrity of the epithelial lining is essential.

Objective: Which surgical techniques were developed at the beginnings of modern surgery and what methods are now available to maintain/reconstitute the integrity of the swallowing apparatus?

Materials And Methods: This study comprises a selective literature search in early operation manuals and online archives, with incorporation of the authors' own experience.

[Early recognition of cancerous lesions in the mouth and oropharynx: Automated evaluation of hyperspectral image stacks].

Background: Early detection of cancerous lesions is still crucial for a patient's prognosis. Although diagnostic access to the oral cavity and oropharynx is comparably easy, the incidence of resulting disease remains high. This is due to the fact that in many cases, malignity is recognized too late on a purely visual basis.

[Evaluation and Optimization of Microvascular Arterial Anastomoses by Transit Time Flow Measurement].

Unlabelled: INDRODUCTION: The regular application of transit time flow measurement in microvascular anastomoses during heart surgery has lead to improvements of the outcome of coronary artery bypass grafts. Our study was meant to discover whether this measurement method was also applicable for evaluation and optimization of microvascular arterial anastomoses of radial forearm flaps.

Methods: In this prospective examination a combining ultrasound imaging and transit time flow measurement device (VeriQ, MediStim) was used during surgery to assess anastomotic quality of 15 radial forearm flaps.

Development of an image pre-processor for operational hyperspectral laryngeal cancer detection.

Hyperspectral imaging (HSI) is a technology with high potential in the field of non-invasive detection of cancer. However, in complex imaging situations like HSI of the larynx with a rigid endoscope, various image interferences can disable a proper classification of cancerous tissue. We identified three main problems: i) misregistration of single images in a HS cube due to patient heartbeat ii) image noise and iii) specular reflections (SR).

Photosensitizing effects of hypericin on head neck squamous cell carcinoma in vitro.

Clinical outcome of patients suffering from head neck squamous cell carcinomas is still poor due to recurrent disease and surgical limitations. There is still a demand for multimodality approaches and new therapeutic options. Hypericin is a promising phototoxic drug which was investigated for its effects on head neck squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro.

[Soft tissue tumors of the head and neck region].

Background: The incidence of soft tissue tumors of the head and neck region is low: 300 and 3 in 100,000 for benign and malignant tumors, respectively. However, sarcomas particularly show a wide variety of different histological subtypes. This article provides an overview of the soft tissue tumors of the head and neck region treated in the authors' institution.

[Hyperspectral imaging in head & neck oncology].

Hyperspectral Imaging has long been established in other scientific disciplines than medicine (e. g. earth science) as a means for objective classification of image data information.

[Endoscopy of the larynx by hyperspectral imaging].

Background: Hyperspectral imaging has been proven to be useful in remote earth sensing, e.g., satellite-based classification of vegetation.

Hyperspectral imaging of mucosal surfaces in patients.

The aim of this study was to proof applicability of hyperspectral imaging for the analysis and classification of human mucosal surfaces in vivo. The larynx as a prototypical anatomically well-defined surgical test area was analyzed by microlaryngoscopy with a polychromatic lightsource and a synchronous triggered monochromatic CCD-camera. Image stacks (5 benign, 7 malignant tumors) were analyzed by established software (principal component analysis PCA, hyperspectral classification, spectral profiles).

Histologic diagnoses in persistently swollen cervical lymph nodes.

Background: Biopsy and histological examination of persistently enlarged cervical lymph nodes represent a major health care issue and have high impact on further clinical therapy. Tertiary health centers are faced with an increased demand for diagnostic workup to rule out malignancy. We performed a retrospective study from January 2000 to June 2008 to identify patients referred to us for diagnostic biopsy and to document the histopathological result.

Clinical applications of slide-based cytometry--an update.

Slide-based cytometric approaches open the possibility to obtain quantitative and objective data from specimens that so far have not been accessible to this kind of analysis. In this review, we will highlight the specific advantages of slide-based cytometry (SBC) and show the applications that have been established for clinical samples. Focuses are cytomic analyses of oncological and hematological samples where the slide-based concept turned out to open new dimensions in understanding underlying cellular networks.

[Cytomics and predictive medicine for oncology].

One hundred and fifty years after Virchow introduced his fundamental concept of cellular pathology, we now have tools that allow us to unravel the mechanisms of single living cells on a previously unprecedented level of detail. By exploring the molecular cellular phenotype, multiparametric cytometry not only detects specific cellular functions in general but also offers insights into the interaction of single subunits of proteins (e.g.

Solitary metastasis of lung carcinoma to the internal auditory canal.

We report a case of solitary metastasis of lung carcinoma into the internal auditory canal. On admission, the 60-year-old patient was complaining about a rapidly developing hearing loss with ipsilateral facial nerve paralysis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed an intracanalicular tumor, which was interpreted as vestibular schwannoma.

Comparison of immunophenotyping by slide-based cytometry and by flow cytometry.

Background: Flow cytometry (FCM) is the gold standard for immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs). Slide-based cytometry (SBC) systems, for example the laser scanning cytometer (LSC(R), CompuCyte), can give additional information (repeated staining and scanning, morphology). In order to adequately judge the clinical usefulness of LSC for immunophenotyping it is obligatory to compare it with FCM.

Iterative restaining as a pivotal tool for n-color immunophenotyping by slide-based cytometry.

Aim: Slide-based cytometry (SBC) allows to "ask a cell a second time." We used this tool for detailed immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs).

Methods: PBLs primarily stained for CD-markers and DNA were immobilized on a glass slide and analyzed by laser scanning cytometry.

Near-infrared dyes for six-color immunophenotyping by laser scanning cytometry.

Background: To adequately analyze the complexity of the immune system and reduce the required sample volume for immunophenotyping in general, more measurable colors for the discrimination of leukocyte subsets are necessary. Immunophenotyping by the laser scanning cytometer (LSC), a slide-based cytometric technology, combines cell detection based on multiple colors with their subsequent visualization without the need for physical cell sorting. In the present study, the filter setting of the LSC was adapted for the measurement of the far-red emitting dye cyanine 7 (Cy7), thereby increasing the number of measurable commercially available fluorochromes.

Analysis of minimal sample volumes from head and neck cancer by laser scanning cytometry.

Background: The increasing diversity in therapeutic strategies in head and neck oncology is dependent on the development of equally appropriate diagnostic tools. A growing number of diagnostic procedures is intended to be performed on an out-patient basis. In this context, analyses of hypocellular specimens such as fine-needle aspirate biopsies (FNABs) or swabs are very important: There are minimal side-effects, and they can be analysed within hours.

Immunophenotyping of peripheral blood leukocytes by laser scanning cytometry.

Many clinical situations demand repeated analyses of blood parameters but permit only minimal amounts of peripheral blood to be taken, e.g., in neonates with low birth weight, during extensive operations of young children, or in patients with restricted bone marrow function.