A Prospective Analysis of Patient Characteristics Affecting the Outcome of Dorsal Splinting for Soft Tissue Mallet Injuries.

Background: Much has been written about the diagnosis and treatment of soft tissue mallet injuries. However, there has been little regarding the characteristics of this injury affecting patients' prognosis. The purpose of this prospective study was to identify factors influencing the outcome of treatment of soft tissue mallet injuries.

Seroprevalence of hepatitis B, C and D markers in indigenous patients seen at the Native American Outpatient Clinic of Universidade Federal de São Paulo.

Objective: To detect and treat cases of viral hepatitis B, C and D in patients seen at the Native American Outpatient Clinic of Universidade Federal de São Paulo.

Methods: This sample comprised 81 indigenous recruited between 2018 and 2020. Volunteers were aged 7 months to 70 years (mean age of 28±20 years), belonged to 26 ethnic groups spanning the Brazilian territory and answered a questionnaire, which was attached to their medical records.

Prospective Randomized Trial Comparing Opioids versus Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs for Postoperative Analgesia in Outpatient Rhinoplasty.

Background: The misuse and abuse of opioids, including overprescription, has led to the current opioid epidemic and national crisis. There is a national effort to eliminate the unnecessary prescription of opioids for analgesia.

Methods: Seventy patients were randomized to receive postoperative analgesia with either 5 mg hydrocodone with 325 mg acetaminophen (opioid control group) or 400 mg of ibuprofen [nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) experimental group].

Gender Differences in Compensation, Mentorship, and Work-Life Balance within Facial Plastic Surgery.

Objectives: Our objective was to identify gender differences in work-life balance, professional advancement, workload, salary, and career satisfaction among facial plastic and reconstructive surgeons.

Study Design: Cross-Sectional Survey.

Methods: American Academy of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery (AAFPRS) members were invited by email to respond to a confidential 25-question online survey.

Endoscopic Visualization of the True Maxillary Ostium Following Uncinectomy.

Objectives: To examine the frequency in which angled endoscopes are necessary to visualize the true maxillary ostium (TMO) following uncinectomy and prior to maxillary antrostomy. Additionally, to identify preoperative computed tomography (CT) measures that predict need for an angled endoscope to visualize the TMO.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Health Care Disparities in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Sinus Surgery for Chronic Rhinosinusitis: Differences in Disease Presentation and Access to Care.

Objectives: Data on health care disparities by socioeconomic status for chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) are lacking, and the available literature shows mixed results. The aim of this study was to evaluate several indicators of disease complexity in patients with CRS undergoing endoscopic sinus surgery between a private and a public hospital to determine if there are any disparities in the severity of disease presentation or in access to care.

Methods: Two hundred patients with CRS who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery from 2015 to 2017 were retrospectively reviewed.

Management of Long-Standing Flaccid Facial Palsy: Static Approaches to the Brow, Midface, and Lower Lip.

Chronic flaccid facial paralysis (FFP>2 years) may be approached with static and dynamic techniques. A horizontal zonal assessment evaluates the upper, middle, and lower thirds of the face. Surgery is tailored to an individual's deficits, goals, and health status.

A New Signaling Pathway for HCV Inhibition by Estrogen: GPR30 Activation Leads to Cleavage of Occludin by MMP-9.

Poor outcome in response to hepatitis C virus, including higher viral load, hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis, is more associated with men and postmenopausal women than with premenopausal women and women receiving hormone replacement therapy, suggesting that β-estradiol plays an innate role in preventing viral infection and liver disease. Consequently, most research in the field has concluded that estrogen affects HCV replication through viral interactions with estrogen receptor-α. Previously, estrogen-like antagonists, including Tamoxifen, were shown to reduce HCV RNA production and prevent viral entry, although the authors did not identify host factors involved.

Reduced Cochlear Implant Performance After the Use of Growth Hormone With Regain of Function After Cessation of Growth Hormone Therapy.

Objective: To assess whether recombinant growth factor (hGH) therapy has an effect on cochlear implant (CI) performance.

Patients: Two pediatric CI recipients (S1, S2) who underwent treatment with hGH for short stature were identified for review. S1 has bilateral labyrinthine dysplasia and received implants at ages 10 months (right) and 4 years 3 months (left).

Temporal measurements of deglutition in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging versus videofluoroscopy.

Objectives: We undertook to provide data regarding temporal measurements of swallow function obtained by dynamic magnetic resonance imaging in a midsagittal plane and to compare these values to normative fluoroscopy data.

Methods: Seventeen healthy female volunteers with no swallowing complaints underwent turbo-fast low-angle-shot magnetic resonance imaging with a 3-T scanner while swallowing liquid and pudding boluses delivered via syringe. Ninety sequential images were acquired with a temporal resolution of 113 ms per frame for each swallow.

Comparative study of the standard fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assay and a flow cytometry-adapted FAMA assay to assess immunity to varicella-zoster virus.

A flow cytometry-adapted fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assay to detect IgG antibodies against varicella-zoster virus (VZV) was developed and tested in 62 serum samples, showing 90.32% accuracy obtained from a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve with a 0.9125 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.

Cardiovascular risk factors among Brazilian Karib indigenous peoples: Upper Xingu, Central Brazil, 2000-3.

Background: Brazil has more than 200 indigenous peoples with 170 different languages that result in different epidemiological and demographic situations. The objective of this study was to describe the nutritional and metabolic profile of the adult Karib indigenous peoples, inhabitants of the Upper Xingu region, as well as to evaluate their possible effects on their cardiovascular health.

Methods: In 2002, the Karib population comprised 1091 individuals, 390 of whom (35.

Prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis A virus among the Kuikuro and Kaiabi Indians of Xingu National Park, Brazil.

A seroprevalence study to detect total antibodies against Hepatitis A Virus was done with 220 samples from 589 Native Indians from Xingu National Park, Brazil, in five Kaiabi and Kuikuro villages, the most populous ethnic groups. Using a commercial immunoassay kit we detected 97.7% positive samples (95% Confidence Interval: 95%-99%).

Prevalence of IgG varicella zoster virus antibodies in the Kuikuro and Kaiabi indigenous communities in Xingu National Park, Brazil, before varicella vaccination.

The purpose of the study was to estimate the prevalence of IgG antibodies against varicella zoster virus (VZV) in the two most populated indigenous ethnic groups from Xingu Indigenous National Park, in Brazil, prior to the introduction of vaccination against the disease, and to determine the positive and the negative predictive values of a history of varicella infection. In 2001, 589 inhabitants of two Kuikuro villages and three Kaiabi villages were evaluated and provided information concerning previous varicella infection. An indirect immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect IgG anti-VZV antibodies was performed in 224 blood samples--volunteer selection had no interference of anamnesis.

A simple and cheaper in house varicella zoster virus antibody indirect ELISA.

We have developed a cheaper an simple in house indirect ELISA that uses the live attenuated VZV vaccine as a coating antigen. The alternative ELISA had an agreement of 94% when compared with a commercial VZV ELISA kit. Moreover, our ELISA proved to be more reliable than the kit when assessing true negative samples.

Carotid artery aneurysm as a rare cause for aspiration pneumonia. A case report.

A now 92-year-old patient presented in 1990 with a massive 6 x 4 x 4 cm aneurysm of the left internal carotid artery which completely occluded the left oro- and nasopharynx. The main complaint of dysphagia was not only a consequence of the narrowed pharynx but was also due to a palsy of the glosso-pharyngeal nerve and caused one to two episodes of aspiration pneumonia per year. The patient could not be operated on because the aneurysm extended to the base of the skull.

Iliac artery stent placement: clinical experience with a nitinol stent.

Purpose: To determine the effectiveness of a prototype nitinol stent in the iliac arteries.

Materials And Methods: Fourteen patients with arteriosclerotic lesions of the iliac arteries (nine stenoses, five occlusions) were treated percutaneously with a prototype nitinol vascular stent (Cragg stent) after unsuccessful percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Results: In 13 patients available for follow-up, the mean ankle-brachial index (ABI) increased from 0.

Thrombolytic treatment and balloon angioplasty in chronic occlusion of the aortic bifurcation.

Objective: To evaluate nonsurgical alternatives in reopening chronically occluded aortic bifurcation.

Design: Uncontrolled randomized study.

Setting: University-affiliated referral center for vascular diseases.

A simplified procedure for intra-arterial thrombolysis with tissue-type plasminogen activator in peripheral arterial occlusive disease: primary and long-term results.

One-hundred and fifty patients with thrombotic and 60 patients with embolic occlusions of the superficial femoral and/or popliteal artery underwent a simplified IAT (intra-arterial thrombolysis) procedure. Ten mg rt-PA combined with 3000 IU Heparin were infused over 6 h, thereafter the extent of thrombolysis was checked fluoroscopically and the above mentioned treatment course repeated up to four times if necessary. The IAT regimen employed did not involve mechanical recanalization attempts; if complete thrombolysis revealed an underlying stenosis, a PTA (percutaneous transluminal angioplasty) was subsequently performed.

Iliac artery stenting--clinical experience with the Palmaz stent, Wallstent, and Strecker stent.

A total of 82 iliac artery lesions (62 stenoses and 20 occlusions) were treated with 3 different types of endovascular metallic stents (12 lesions with the Palmaz stent, 36 with the Wallstent, and 34 with the Strecker stent). The complication rate was 12%. Occlusion of 2 Wallstents occurred 4 and 12 weeks after stent placement, respectively.