Ocular syphilis, a case of acute posterior placoid chorioretinitis.

Purpose: To report a case of acute posterior placoid chorioretinitis, a rare manifestation of ocular syphilis.

Methods: The patient was examined at age 59 with symptoms of subacute severe unilateral vision loss of the right eye. He underwent fundus examination, automated perimetry, optical coherence tomography imaging and fluorescein angiography.

Consequences of verteporfin photodynamic therapy on choroidal neovascular membranes.

Objective: To examine the impact of photodynamic therapy (PDT) on angiogenesis in human choroidal neovascular membranes with respect to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, proliferation, and vascularization.

Methods: Retrospective review of an interventional case series of 50 patients (50 eyes) who underwent removal of choroidal neovascular membranes. Choroidal neovascularization was secondary to age-related macular degeneration.

Verteporfin photodynamic therapy induced apoptosis in choroidal neovascular membranes.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) on the induction of apoptosis in choroidal neovascular membranes (CNV) secondary to age related macular degeneration.

Methods: Retrospective review of 22 surgically excised CNV. 12 of these patients had been treated with PDT 3-146 days previously.

Iris pigment epithelial translocation in the treatment of exudative macular degeneration: a 3-year follow-up.

Objective: To report the functional and anatomical outcome of 20 patients who underwent surgical removal of choroidal neovascularization combined with transplantation of autologous iris pigment epithelial cells to the subretinal space 3 years after treatment.

Methods: Freshly isolated autologous iris pigment epithelial cells were translocated to the subretinal space in 20 patients after membrane extraction. Patients were followed up by funduscopy, angiography, microperimetry, and visual acuity testing.

Mutations of VMD2 splicing regulators cause nanophthalmos and autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC).

Purpose: To investigate the genetic basis of autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy (ADVIRC), a rare, inherited retinal dystrophy that may be associated with defects of ocular development, including nanophthalmos.

Methods: A combination of linkage analysis and DNA sequencing in five families was used to identify disease-causing mutations in VMD2. The effect of these mutations on splicing was assessed using a minigene system.

Immunohistopathologic evaluation of choroidal neovascular membranes following verteporfin-photodynamic therapy.

Purpose: To evaluate the vascularization and proliferative activity in choroidal neovascular membranes due to age-related macular degeneration after verteporfin photodynamic therapy and submacular removal.

Design: Interventional case series.

Methods: In a retrospective review of seven patients who underwent removal of subfoveal classic choroidal neovascular membranes after treatment with photodynamic therapy 3 to 146 days earlier, membranes were stained for CD 34, CD 105, and Ki-67 and correlated with clinical pictures and fluorescein angiography.

Clinicopathological findings of choroidal neovascularisation following verteporfin photodynamic therapy.

Aims: To report the clinicopathologic findings of surgically excised choroidal neovascularisation (CNV) three days after verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT).

Methods: In three patients (three eyes) with age related macular degeneration, the CNV was surgically removed three days after PDT. The CNV specimens were examined by light microscopy.

Expression of endoglin in choroidal neovascularization.

Endoglin (CD105) is a membrane protein involved in the TGF-beta receptor signalling pathway with predominant expression by proliferating endothelial cells. The aim of this study is to analyze the expression of Endoglin in choroidal neovascularization membranes (CNVM) and to compare it to the overall proliferative status of CNVM. Thirty surgically excised CNVM, secondary to age-related macular degeneration, were investigated using light microscopic immunohistochemistry and confocal immunofluorescence microscopy using verified antibodies directed against the endothelial cell markers Endoglin, von Willebrand factor (vWF) and CD34 and the proliferation marker Ki-67.

Optical coherence tomography of adult-onset vitelliform dystrophy.

Purpose: To report the cross-sectional structure of the retina and choroid in eyes with adult-onset vitelliform macular dystrophy as obtained by optical coherence tomography (OCT).

Methods: Seven patients with adult-onset vitelliform macular dystrophy and one patient with Best disease were examined by fundoscopy, fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and OCT. Three patients underwent also electro-oculography.

Clinicopathological correlation of choroidal neovascularization after external beam radiotherapy in age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To analyze the histopathology of choroidal neovascularization after external beam radiotherapy in age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: A retrospective non-case-matched comparative histopathologic study. The histoarchitecture of nine surgically removed subretinal specimens from nine patients that had undergone external beam radiotherapy for exudative age-related macular degeneration was studied.

Three-dimensional posterior segment ultrasonography: clinical experience.

Purpose: To introduce a commercially available three-dimensional ultrasonography unit into everyday clinical practice and to evaluate the qualitative and quantitative information of the acquired images and to clarify the indications for 3-D echography.

Materials And Methods: 3-D scanning was performed on 59 referred patients with indications for conventional B/A-scan. On 7 patients with an intraocular mass with well-delineated borders 10 repeated volume measurements were carried out.

Clinicopathologic correlation in hemorrhagic age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To analyze and compare the histopathology of surgically extracted membranes in hemorrhagic age-related macular degeneration (AMD) versus extracted classic, mixed and occult choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in AMD.

Methods: Thirty consecutive membranes, surgically removed in hemorrhagic AMD, were analyzed and compared with consecutive series of 50 classic, 20 mixed and 20 occult membrane specimens in exudative AMD. The specimens were serially sectioned and stained in a stepped fashion with hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome and periodic acid-Schiff stain.

Melanocytoma of the choroid: angiographic and histopathologic findings.

A juxtapapillary choroidal melanocytoma that was clinically confused with a choroidal melanoma is described. The clinical examination of a 40-year-old female patient included ultrasonography, fluorescein, and indocyanine green angiography. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical study of the enucleated eye resulted in the identification of a markedly pigmented, 3.

Macular translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy for exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Macular rotation surgery comprises surgical extraction of choroidal neovascular membranes in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and translocation of the foveal neural retina over adjacent retinal pigment epithelium.

Objective: To determine whether macular translocation with 360 degrees retinotomy can stabilize and/or improve visual acuity in patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to AMD.

Design: This study consisted of a standardized surgical procedure on a series of 90 consecutive patients and follow-up examinations at fixed intervals for 12 months.

[Macular translocation with 360 degree retinotomy in the treatment if exudative macular degeneration. Functional and angiographic results].

Background: During surgical extraction of choroidal neovascular membranes (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the defective foveal retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is removed. Subsequent translocation of the foveal neural retina to adjacent healthy RPE should result in stabilization and possibly improvement of visual acuity.

Methods: A prospective case series was carried out using controlled surgery and examination protocols with examinations made at fixed intervals.

Clinicopathologic correlation of surgically removed submacular tissue.

The histologic appearance of a consecutive series of 200 neovascular membranes was analyzed. Specific angiographic manifestations of exudative age-related macular degeneration such as classic or occult choroidal neovascularization, vascularized pigment epithelial detachment, tear of the retinal pigment epithelium, polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy and deep retinal vascular anomalous complex correspond with specific histoarchitectural patterns.

Features of age-related macular degeneration on optical coherence tomography.

Purpose: To describe Optical Coherence Tomographic (OCT) findings in age-related macular lesions.

Patients And Methods: We selected 6 patients with characteristic features of age-related macular disease on OCT, 4 of whom presented with Choroidal New Vessels (CNV). OCT is analogous to ultrasound, except that light is used instead of sound.

Clinical and electrophysiological findings in autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy: report of a new pedigree.

Purpose: To report the clinical and electrophysiological findings in a three-generation pedigree with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy.

Methods: Sixteen members of a three-generation pedigree with autosomal dominant vitreoretinochoroidopathy were examined clinically, including measurement of the corneal diameter. In 14 persons, Goldmann perimetry, axial length determination and electro-oculography were carried out.

Clinicopathological correlation in exudative age-related macular degeneration: recurrent choroidal neovascularization.

Purpose: To report the pathology of surgically removed submacular tissue in recurrent choroidal neovascularization after laser photocoagulation of classic choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration.

Methods: A recurrent subfoveal choroidal neovascular membrane was surgically removed in two patients. The recurrence was identified as a classic membrane on fluorescein angiography at the foveal border of the laser scar.

Clinicopathological correlation of retinal pigment epithelial tears in exudative age related macular degeneration: pretear, tear, and scarred tear.

Aims: To analyse the histopathology of vascularised pigment epithelial detachments and tears of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) in age related macular degeneration (AMD).

Methods: The light microscopic architecture of 10 surgically removed subretinal specimens-three vascularised pigment epithelial detachments, four recent tears, and three scarred tears as a manifestation of AMD-were studied and correlated with the angiographic findings.

Results: Recent tears: a large fibrovascular membrane was found to be originally situated in Bruch's membrane.

[Significance of postoperative face-down positioning after surgery for idiopathic macular holes: consecutive case-control study].

Background: Postoperative face-down positioning is considered to be a critical part in macular hole surgery with short-acting gas. However, the significance of this posturing remains uncertain using long-acting gas tamponade.

Patients And Methods: Fifty consecutive eyes with idiopathic full-thickness macular holes underwent macular hole surgery with a follow up time of 6-12 months.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy pattern in age-related macular degeneration: a clinicopathologic correlation.

Purpose: To report the histopathologic features of surgically removed submacular tissue from an elderly patient with a pattern of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy on indocyanine green angiography.

Methods: Clinical examination including fluorescein and indocyanine green angiography and light microscopy of surgical specimen.

Results: A thick yellow proteinaceous subretinal fluid was seen in the right macula of an 81-year-old white man.

Clinicopathological correlation of deep retinal vascular anomalous complex in age related macular degeneration.

Aims: To analyse the histopathology of "deep retinal vascular anomalous complex" or "chorioretinal anastomosis".

Methods: Six patients with a deep retinal vascular anomalous complex (age range 66-88 years) had fundus photography and fluorescein angiography not more than 14 days before foveal translocation surgery. Four patients were also documented with indocyanine green angiography.

Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy in Caucasians.

Purpose: To study the prevalence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) in Caucasian patients with occult choroidal neovascularization (CNV); to study the clinical spectrum of PCV in Caucasians and the outcome after laser photocoagulation of such lesions.

Methods: (1) A consecutive series of 374 eyes of Caucasian patients at least 58 years old, presenting occult CNV, presumed to have age-related macular degeneration (AMD) on fluorescein angiography (FA) were further characterized by indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) to determine the frequency of PCV. (2) The funduscopic, FA and ICGA findings in a cohort of 36 Caucasian patients with PCV were analyzed.

Oculocerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma with uveal involvement: development of an epibulbar tumor after vitrectomy.

Primary ocular lymphoma is the ocular manifestation of primary oculocerebral non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. We describe a 79-year-old woman with a 7-year history of bilateral uveitis and subsequent central nervous system lymphomas. Repeated diagnostic vitrectomy during the following 5 years failed to demonstrate intraocular lymphoma cells.