Implementation of a fluid balance control strategy in critically ill patients: POINCARE-2 trial process evaluation.

Background: POINCARE-2 trial aimed to assess the effectiveness of a strategy designed to tackle fluid overload through daily weighing and subsequent administration of treatments in critically ill patients. Even in highly standardized care settings, such as intensive care units, effectiveness of such a complex intervention depends on its actual efficacy but also on the extent of its implementation. Using a process evaluation, we aimed to provide understanding of the implementation, context, and mechanisms of change of POINCARE-2 strategy during the trial, to gain insight on its effectiveness and inform the decision regarding the dissemination of the intervention.

[Smoking and mental disability : A mixed observational study using a diverse sample of medical-social establishments and services].

Introduction: A multi-center observational study was carried out in ten ESMS, using a mixed methodology (site visits, questionnaire survey, semi-directive group interviews with professionals and individual interviews with users).

Purpose Of The Research: The aim of this article is to describe the management and prevention of smoking in ESMS for people with mental health disorders, and to characterize and identify the smoking behaviors and representations of ESMS users and the professionals working there.

Results: The study made it possible to distinguish between ESMS in terms of the organization of smoking areas and tobacco prevention initiatives.

Use of qualitative methods to optimize collaborative practices by highlighting differences in perceptions between professionals: an example of patient education.

Interprofessional working must be approached within health promotion interventions using systematic methods to identify areas of suboptimal collaboration. We designed a qualitative study with a purposive sample of seven French therapeutic patient education programs. Semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with 14 healthcare providers and seven clinician leaders (coordinators) involved in patient education.

What contextual features affect the outcome and sustainability of therapeutic patient education interventions?

Background: Therapeutic patient education interventions are influenced by contextual factors. Therefore, describing the context is crucial to understanding how it can affect therapeutic patient education interventions and contribute to outcomes. We aimed to identify the contextual features that may affect the outcome and sustainability of therapeutic patient education interventions from a healthcare professional perspective.

Lack of consistency in measurement methods and semantics used for network measures in adolescent health behaviour studies using social network analysis: a systematic review.

Background: Social network analysis (SNA) is often used to examine how social relationships influence adolescent health behaviours, but no study has documented the range of network measures used to do so. We aimed to identify network measures used in studies on adolescent health behaviours.

Methods: We conducted a systematic review to identify network measures in studies investigating adolescent health behaviours with SNA.

A Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies on Factors Associated With Smoking Cessation Among Adolescents and Young Adults.

Objective: To summarize findings from qualitative studies on factors associated with smoking cessation among adolescents and young adults.

Data Sources: We searched Pubmed, Psychinfo, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and SCOPUS databases, as well as reference lists, for peer-reviewed articles published in English or French between January 1, 2000, and November 18, 2020. We used keywords such as adolescents, determinants, cessation, smoking, and qualitative methods.

The (De)normalisation of Smoking Among Apprentices: Plurality of Settings, Norms and Vulnerability Levels.

When it comes to smoking, apprentices are considered a 'vulnerable' population. They have been the subject of targeted approaches based on the assumption of common characteristics. In contrast to most public health studies, that assume homogeneity of vulnerable groups, this article, based on Lahire's 'theory of the plural individual', aims to examine inter- and intra-individual variability in relation to tobacco exposure.

A Smoking Prevention Intervention Among Young People in an Online Community Game: Results from a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial.

Innovative methods for smoking prevention interventions need to be investigated to increase attractiveness, access hard-to-reach populations, and increase effectiveness. We studied the feasibility and immediate effects of an intervention to reinforce norms and behaviors of young people related to antismoking, integrated into a popular online community game. A pilot randomized controlled trial was conducted through the HABBO online community.

Social network analysis to study health behaviours in adolescents: A systematic review of methods.

Purpose: Our objectives were (i) to systematically review how SNA is used in studies investigating adolescent health behaviours (i.e., the purpose of using SNA, methods used for network data collection and analysis), and (ii) to develop methodological guidelines to help researchers use SNA in studies on adolescent health behaviours.

Creation and validation of the pictorial ecological momentary well-being instrument (EMOWI) for adolescents.

Purpose: Adolescence is characterized by the ongoing maturation of emotion-regulation skills and increased emotional reactivity. There is a need for a measurement tool suitable to the Ecological Momentary Assessment methodology, to better capture within-day variations in well-being, and provide fine-grained data that can help understand how environments, behaviors, and health intersect. This paper presents the development and evaluation of the Ecological MOmentary Well-Being Instrument for adolescents, designed for use in EMA.

[Stigmatization and public health: The dark-side of anti-smoking interventions].

Tobacco control strategies, considered legitimate and effective, are rarely the subject of critical analysis in France. This is specifically true with regard to their potentially harmful effects, particularly against people who continue to smoke. This article introduces this debate, focusing on the potentially stigmatizing effects of anti-smoking policies.

[Not Available].

Tobacco control strategies, considered legitimate and effective, are rarely the subject of critical analysis in France. This is specifically true with regard to their potentially harmful effects, particularly against people who continue to smoke. This article introduces this debate, focusing on the potentially stigmatizing effects of anti-smoking policies.

The Natural Course of Cigarette Smoking among Adolescent Daily Smokers in France and Quebec.

Objective: To describe the natural course of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence (ND) over 1-year in daily smokers ages 15 to 17 living in different social contexts.

Method: Cigarette smoking and ND indicators were measured at baseline and 3- and 12-months thereafter among 95 daily smokers with a total of 123 observations from the Nicotine Dependence in Teens (NDIT) Study in Quebec, Canada, and in 111 daily smokers from the TABagisme chez les ADOlescents (TABADO) Study in Lorraine, France.

Results: NDIT and TABADO participants initiated smoking a mean (SD) of 3.

Dimensions of the Complexity of Health Interventions: What Are We Talking About? A Review.

Many recommendations and innovative approaches are available for the development and evaluation of complex health interventions. We investigated the dimensions of complexity described in health research and how these descriptions may affect the adopted research methodology (e.g.

Population health intervention research: what is the place for pilot studies?

Background: An international workshop on population health intervention research (PHIR) was organized to foster exchanges between experts from different disciplines and different fields.

Aims: This paper aims to summarize the discussions around one of the issues addressed: the place or role of pilot studies in PHIR. Pilot studies are well-established in biomedical research, but the situation is more ambiguous for PHIR, in which a pilot study could refer to different purposes.

Which design to evaluate complex interventions? Toward a methodological framework through a systematic review.

Background: Evaluation of complex interventions (CI) is challenging for health researchers and requires innovative approaches. The objective of this work is to present the main methods used to evaluate CI.

Methods: A systematic review of the scientific literature was conducted to identify methods used for the evaluation of CI.

Exploration of the experiences, practices and needs of health promotion professionals when evaluating their interventions and programmes.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to describe the practices of health promotion professionals when evaluating interventions and their transferability and to identify these professionals' needs in relation to a tool that will guide them during monitoring and evaluation.

Method: A survey was carried out among health promotion actors, which focussed on the interventions they had carried out.

Results: Of the 1017 organisations (covering the whole of France) approached, 246 responded to the survey.

Addressing complexity in population health intervention research: the context/intervention interface.

Background: Public health interventions are increasingly being recognised as complex and context dependent. Related to this is the need for a systemic and dynamic conception of interventions that raises the question of delineating the scope and contours of interventions in complex systems. This means identifying which elements belong to the intervention (and therefore participate in its effects and can be transferred), which ones belong to the context and interact with the former to influence results (and therefore must be taken into account when transferring the intervention) and which contextual elements are irrelevant to the intervention.

[Complexity: concept and challenges for public health interventions].

Introduction: Since 2000, the notion of “complex interventions” has been emerging in the health research field. “Complex interventions” and “complexity” are commonly used terms, but they are generally not defined. Conceptual ambiguities persist concerning the notion of complexity.

Evaluation of a knowledge transfer scheme to improve policy making and practices in health promotion and disease prevention setting in French regions: a realist study protocol.

Background: Evidence-based decision-making and practice are pivotal in public health. However, barriers do persist and they relate to evidence properties, organisations and contexts. To address these major knowledge transfer (KT) issues, we need to rethink how knowledge is produced and used, to enhance our understanding of decision-making processes, logics and mechanisms and to examine the ability of public health services to integrate research findings into their decisions and operations.

[Reflections on the evaluation and funding of complex public health interventions].

In France, in a context of growing health inequalities, the need for action on life settings and, more broadly, on the social determinants of health (SDH), requires a contribution from health promotion research. Today's challenge is not only to design interventions tailored to contexts and actively targeting SDH, but also to develop innovative evaluation strategies of these complex interventions. A group of researchers and representatives from funding agencies met in Paris on june 2nd, 2014 to discuss current experiences conducted in France.