Discoloration after Regenerative Endodontic Procedures: A Critical Review.

Discoloration remains an unfavourable complication of otherwise successful regenerative endodontic procedure of immature teeth with necrotic pulp. This review presents a critical view on current knowledge of discoloration sources, its treatment and possible preventive modalities, dealing mainly with the use of antibiotics, ethylendiaminotetraacetic acid, calcium hydroxide, mineral trioxide aggregate, calcium silicate cements, sodium hypochlorite and chlorhexidin during regenerative treatment and their possible interactions. Bleaching as a discoloration treatment modality is discussed as well.

Mechanical Properties of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate in Moist and Dry Intracanal Environments.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to examine the microhardness and modulus of elasticity (MOE) of White ProRoot MTA (Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK) after setting in moist or dry intracanal conditions.

Methods And Materials: To simulate root canal system, 14 polyethylen molds with internal diameter of 1 mm and height of 12 mm were used. These molds were filled with 9-mm thick layers of White ProRoot Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA; Dentsply Tulsa Dental, Tulsa, OK).

Marginal integrity of low-shrinking versus methacrylate-based composite: effect of different one-step self-etch adhesives.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of composite type and adhesive system on the quality of marginal adaptation in standardized Class V cavities before and after thermo-mechanical loading (TML). The cavities were restored using different combinations of three adhesive systems [(Silorane System Adhesive (SSA), Clearfil S Bond (S3), G-Bond (G-B)] and two resin composite materials (Filtek Silorane, Clearfil AP-X). Six groups (n = 10): Group A (SSA-Primer + SSA-Bond, Filtek Silorane), Group B (SSA-Primer + SSA-Bond, Clearfil AP-X), Group C (S3 + SSA-Bond, Filtek Silorane), Group D (S3 + SSA-Bond, Clearfil AP-X), Group E (G-B + SSA-Bond, Filtek Silorane) and Group F (G-B + SSA-Bond, Clearfil AP-X) were defined.

Silorane, ormocer, methacrylate and compomer long-term staining susceptibility using ΔE and ΔE 00 colour-difference formulas.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the staining susceptibility of a silorane (Filtek Silorane), an ormocer (Ceram X Duo), a methacrylate (Tetric EvoCeram) and a compomer (Dyract) exposed on the long term to various staining agents by using ΔE and ΔE 00 colour-difference formulas. Thirty-six disc-shaped specimens were made of each of the four chemically different materials, randomly divided in six groups (n = 6) and immersed in five staining solutions (red wine, juice, coke, tea and coffee) or stored dry (control) in an incubator at 37 °C for 99 days. Spectrophotometric measurements by means of a spectrophotometer (Spectroshade Handy Dental, MHT) were repeated over a white (L* = 92.

Microhardness of light- and dual-polymerizable luting resins polymerized through 7.5-mm-thick endocrowns.

Statement Of The Problem: The complete polymerization of luting resins through thick indirect restorations is still questioned.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of polymerization of light- and dual-polymerizable luting resins under thick indirect composite resin and ceramic endocrowns by means of Vickers microhardness measurements.

Material And Methods: The Vickers microhardness measurements of a light-polymerizable microhybrid composite resin and a dual-polymerizable luting cement directly polymerized in a natural tooth mold for 40 seconds with a high-power light-emitting diode lamp (control) were compared with measurements after indirect irradiation through 7.

Effect of different bonding strategies on the marginal adaptation of class 1 silorane restorations.

Purpose: To evaluate the quality of marginal and internal adaptation of Filtek Silorane composite in standardized class 1 cavities before and after thermo-mechanical loading using different application protocols of the Silorane System Adhesive (SSA).

Methods: Five groups (n = 10) of class 1 cavities were restored with Filtek Silorane using different SSA applications. Total bonding (TB): Group A (SSA), Group B (SSA without primer polymerization), Group C (enamel etching + SSA), Group D (enamel etching + SSA without primer polymerization) and Selective bonding (SB): Group E.

Shrinkage kinetics of a methacrylate- and a silorane-based resin composite: effect on marginal integrity.

Purpose: To evaluate the relation between the linear displacement (LD), shrinkage force (SF) and marginal adaptation of a methacrylate- and a silorane-based composite.

Materials And Methods: The LD and SF of 8 samples made of Filtek Supreme XT (methacrylate-based composite) and Filtek Silorane (silorane-based composite) were measured for 180 s from the start of polymerization. Large bulk-filled Class I cavities were restored with both resin composites, and two C-factors were simulated by applying the same adhesive system in different ways: the Silorane System Adhesive (SSA) was applied on enamel and dentin (C-factor 3.

Supragingival relocation of subgingivally located margins for adhesive inlays/onlays with different materials.

Purpose: This study evaluated the marginal adaptation of supragingivally relocated cervical margins. Newly developed and reference materials were compared.

Materials And Methods: Eighty-eight extracted human teeth were divided into 11 groups.

In vitro evaluation of marginal and internal adaptation after occlusal stressing of indirect class II composite restorations with different resinous bases and interface treatments. "Post-fatigue adaptation of indirect composite restorations".

The present study evaluated the influence of different composite bases and surface treatments on marginal and internal adaptation of class II indirect composite restorations, after simulated occlusal loading. Thirty-two class II inlay cavities were prepared on human third molars, with margins located in cementum. A 1-mm composite base extending up to the cervical margins was applied on all dentin surfaces in the experimental groups; impressions were made and composite inlays fabricated.

Marginal seal stability of one bottle adhesives in Class V vs. Class I cavities.

The aim of this study was to test the influence of two different cavity configurations on marginal stability of recent one bottle "etch & rinse" and "self-etch" adhesives in Class V vs. Class I cavities, before and after thermo-mechanical loading under simulation of dentinal fluid. Forty human upper molars were selected and assigned to five experimental groups.

Accuracy of electronic apex locater-controlled handpieces.

An in vitro model was used to test a hypothesis that the manual (apex locator) and motor-driven (apex locator-controlled handpiece) operating modes of 3 newly developed apex-locator-controlled handpiece devices (Dentaport ZX, Endomaster, XSmart Dual) give the same working length. The depth of penetration of the file into the root canal was measured using a digital micrometer and the distance of the tip of the file relative to the major root foramen was determined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). In the manual mode, the XSmart Dual device reported significantly shorter working lengths than the Dentaport ZX or the Endomaster devices.