Facebook increases political knowledge, reduces well-being and informational treatments do little to help.

Nearly three billion people actively use Facebook, making it the largest social media platform in the world. Previous research shows that the social media platform reduces users' happiness, while increasing political knowledge. It also may increase partisan polarization.

Socioeconomic Disparities in Glycemic Management in Children and Youth With Type 1 Diabetes: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: In Canada, few studies have addressed health inequalities in type 1 diabetes (T1D) outcomes. In this study, we examined the relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and glycemic management in children with T1D and determine whether technology use (insulin pumps or continuous glucose monitoring [CGM]), diabetes-related physician visits, and depressive symptoms modified the association.

Methods: This work was a retrospective cohort study using the Montréal Children's Hospital Pediatric Diabetes Database of children 0 to 18 years old, diagnosed with T1D for ≥1 year, and with a hospital visit between November 2019 and October 2020.

Comparison of Socioeconomic Disparities in Pump Uptake Among Children With Type 1 Diabetes in 2 Canadian Provinces With Different Payment Models.

Importance: Insulin pumps improve glycemic control and quality of life in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Canada's provinces have implemented universal pediatric programs to improve access. However, these programs provide differing financial coverage, allowing for unique cross-jurisdictional comparisons.

Toward a better understanding of transition from paediatric to adult care in type 1 diabetes: A qualitative study of adolescents.

Aims: Type 1 diabetes is associated with significant morbidity, with an increasing risk of acute diabetes-related complications in adolescence and emerging adulthood. Purposeful transition from paediatric to adult-oriented care could mitigate this risk but is often lacking. Detailed understanding of the perspectives of adolescents in their final year of paediatric care is essential to inform delivery of transition care programs.

Quality of Life (QoL) Is Reduced in Those with Severe COVID-19 Disease, Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19, and Hospitalization in United States Adults from Northern Colorado.

The longitudinal quality of life (QoL) of COVID-19 survivors, especially those with post-acute sequelae (PASC) is not well described. We evaluated QoL in our COVID-19 survivor cohort over 6 months using the RAND SF-36 survey. From July 2020-March 2021 we enrolled 110 adults from the United States with a positive SARS-CoV-2 nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) into the Northern Colorado Coronavirus Biobank (NoCo-COBIO).

Embryo-scale, single-cell spatial transcriptomics.

Spatial patterns of gene expression manifest at scales ranging from local (e.g., cell-cell interactions) to global (e.

Development of blood-based biomarker tests for early detection of colorectal neoplasia: Influence of blood collection timing and handling procedures.

Introduction: Blood-based, cancer-associated biomarkers are susceptible to a variety of well-known preanalytical factors. The influence of bowel preparation before a diagnostic colonoscopy on biomarker levels is, however, poorly investigated. The present study assessed the influence of bowel preparation on colorectal cancer-associated biomarkers.

Proteome Profiling Uncovers an Autoimmune Response Signature That Reflects Ovarian Cancer Pathogenesis.

Harnessing the immune response to tumor antigens in the form of autoantibodies, which occurs early during tumor development, has relevance to the detection of cancer at early stages. We conducted an initial screen of antigens associated with an autoantibody response in serous ovarian cancer using recombinant protein arrays. The top 25 recombinants that exhibited increased reactivity with cases compared to controls revealed TP53 and MYC, which are ovarian cancer driver genes, as major network nodes.

Thyroid Storm in a Toddler Presenting as a Febrile Seizure.

Although simple febrile seizures are relatively common and benign in toddlers, it is important to rule out any underlying critical disease that necessitates further intervention and treatment. Thyroid storm, the extreme manifestation of hyperthyroidism, is relatively rare and not often considered in the differential diagnosis of a febrile seizure despite its high mortality rate. Here, we report 1 of the youngest patients with thyroid storm, who initially presented with a febrile seizure.

Use of high-content analysis and machine learning to characterize complex microbial samples via morphological analysis.

High Content Analysis (HCA) has become a cornerstone of cellular analysis within the drug discovery industry. To expand the capabilities of HCA, we have applied the same analysis methods, validated in numerous mammalian cell models, to microbiology methodology. Image acquisition and analysis of various microbial samples, ranging from pure cultures to culture mixtures containing up to three different bacterial species, were quantified and identified using various machine learning processes.

Success of a Resident-Led Safety Council: A Model for Satisfying CLER Pathways to Excellence Patient Safety Goals.

Background: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Clinical Learning Environment Review (CLER) program focuses on aspects of the graduate medical education learning environment, such as patient safety. Data from CLER site visits reveal that many resident physicians do not receive adequate training on patient safety.

Objective: We evaluated a pediatric resident-led safety council as a method to meet CLER Pathways to Excellence patient safety objectives.

Whole Genome-Derived Tiled Peptide Arrays Detect Prediagnostic Autoantibody Signatures in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer.

The majority of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cases are diagnosed at advanced stages, primarily because earlier stages of the disease are either asymptomatic or may be attributed to other causes such as infection or long-term effects from smoking. Therefore, early detection of NSCLC would likely increase response and survival rates due to timely intervention. Here, we utilize a novel approach based on whole genome-derived tiled peptide arrays to identify epitopes associated with autoantibody reactivity in NSCLC as a potential means for early detection.

Differences in Serum Biomarkers Between Combined Glucosamine and Chondroitin Versus Celecoxib in a Randomized, Double-blind Trial in Osteoarthritis Patients.

Background: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, e.g., celecoxib, are commonly used for inflammatory conditions, but can be associated with adverse effects.

Tumor-derived Autoantibodies Identify Malignant Pulmonary Nodules.

Screening for non-small cell lung cancer is associated with earlier diagnosis and reduced mortality but also increased harm caused by invasive follow-up of benign pulmonary nodules. Lung tumorigenesis activates the immune system, components of which could serve as tumor-specific biomarkers. To profile tumor-derived autoantibodies as peripheral biomarkers of malignant pulmonary nodules.

Protein and glycomic plasma markers for early detection of adenoma and colon cancer.

Objective: To discover and confirm blood-based colon cancer early-detection markers.

Design: We created a high-density antibody microarray to detect differences in protein levels in plasma from individuals diagnosed with colon cancer <3 years after blood was drawn (ie, prediagnostic) and cancer-free, matched controls. Potential markers were tested on plasma samples from people diagnosed with adenoma or cancer, compared with controls.

Frequency of Adverse Events Before, During, and After Hospital Admission.

Objectives: Adverse events (AEs) are unintended physical injuries resulting from or contributed to by medical or surgical care. We determined the frequency and type of AEs before, during, and after hospital admission.

Methods: We conducted a cohort study of 296 adult hospital patients.

Characteristics and risk factors of preterm births in a tertiary center in Lagos, Nigeria.

Introduction: Preterm birth is a dire complication of pregnancy that poses huge long-term medical and financial burdens for affected children, their families, and the health care system. The aim of the present study was to identify characteristics associated with preterm births at the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Lagos, Nigeria from 2011 to 2013.

Methods: We obtained Information from 5,561 maternal, fetal/neonatal and obstetric records from the labor ward.

Survey of partner notification practices for sexually transmissible infections in the United States.

Unlabelled: Background Partner notification (PN) for sexually transmissible infections (STIs) is a vital STI control method. The most recent evaluation of PN practices in the United States, conducted in 1999, indicated that few STI patients were offered PN services. The objectives of this study were to obtain a preliminary understanding of the current provision of PN services in HIV/STI testing sites throughout the US and to determine the types of PN services available.

The Effect of Contact Precautions on Frequency of Hospital Adverse Events.

Objective: To determine whether use of contact precautions on hospital ward patients is associated with patient adverse events

Design: Individually matched prospective cohort study

Setting: The University of Maryland Medical Center, a tertiary care hospital in Baltimore, Maryland

Methods: A total of 296 medical or surgical inpatients admitted to non-intensive care unit hospital wards were enrolled at admission from January to November 2010. Patients on contact precautions were individually matched by hospital unit after an initial 3-day length of stay to patients not on contact precautions. Adverse events were detected by physician chart review and categorized as noninfectious, preventable and severe noninfectious, and infectious adverse events during the patient's stay using the standardized Institute for Healthcare Improvement's Global Trigger Tool.

An Autoimmune Response Signature Associated with the Development of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Reflects Disease Pathogenesis.

The repertoire of antigens associated with the development of an autoimmune response in breast cancer has relevance to detection and treatment strategies. We have investigated the occurrence of autoantibodies associated with the development of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) in the before diagnosis setting and in samples collected at the time of diagnosis of TNBC. Lysate arrays containing protein fractions from the TNBC MDA-MB-231 cell line were hybridized with TNBC plasmas from the Women's Health Initiative cohort, collected before clinical diagnosis and with plasmas from matched controls.

Mining the pre-diagnostic antibody repertoire of TgMMTV-neu mice to identify autoantibodies useful for the early detection of human breast cancer.

Background: The use of autoantibodies for the early detection of breast cancer has generated much interest as antibodies can be readily assayed in serum when antigen levels are low. Ideally, diagnostic autoantibodies would be identified in individuals who harbored pre-invasive disease/high risk lesions leading to malignancy. Prospectively collected human serum samples from these individuals are rare and not often available for biomarker discovery.

Female users of internet-based screening for rectal STIs: descriptive statistics and correlates of positivity.

Background: Internet-based screening for vaginal sexually transmitted infections (STI) has been shown to reach high-risk populations. Published studies of internet-based screening for rectal STIs in women are needed. Our objectives were to describe the female users of a rectal internet-based screening intervention and assess what factors correlated with rectal positivity for STIs.

The serotonin-2 receptor modulator, (-)-trans-PAT, decreases voluntary ethanol consumption in rats.

Serotonin (5-HT) 5-HT2C receptor agonists have shown promise as novel alcoholism pharmacotherapies, but developing selective agonists has been problematic. Female Sprague Dawley rats were given ethanol in a palatable gel vehicle during operant sessions. 5-HT2C receptor modulators (Ro60-0175, SB242,084, and (-)-trans-PAT) were administered before operant sessions.

Proteomic profiling of the autoimmune response to breast cancer antigens uncovers a suppressive effect of hormone therapy.

Purpose: Proteomics technologies are well suited for harnessing the immune response to tumor antigens for diagnostic applications as in the case of breast cancer. We previously reported a substantial impact of hormone therapy (HT) on the proteome. Here, we investigated the effect of HT on the immune response toward breast tumor antigens.