Development of TiF4-Dendrimer complex gel as an anti-demineralization agent for dentin: An in vitro study.

Objective: The anti-caries effects of titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) are well-documented, but its low pH challenges clinical application. This study evaluated PEG-citrate dendrimer as a carrier to enhance TiF4 stability and efficacy.

Methods: PEG-citrate dendrimer and TiF4-dendrimer gel were synthesized, and their structures confirmed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Hydrogen Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR), and Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS).

Characterization of a Novel TiF4 Inclusion Complex and in vitro Evaluation of Its Effect on Inhibiting Enamel Demineralization.

Introduction: Titanium tetrafluoride (TiF4) is an anticariogenic agent with high remineralizing potential. However, the acidic pH of TiF4 solution can limit its clinical application. The present study aimed to prepare and characterize a new TiF4-dendrimer inclusion complex and evaluate its ability to inhibit enamel demineralization under pH cycling conditions.

Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of different pulp capping liners.

This study compares the cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity of five pulp capping liners. This study was conducted on Fuji II LC glass ionomer, Dycal, Calcimol LC, TheraCal LC, and ACTIVA BioACTIVE. For cytotoxicity, the (MTT) methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay was performed on 3 samples from each group of human dental pulp cells (HDPSCs) after 24 h of incubation.

Effect of Laser and Conventional Office Bleaching and Polishing on the Color Change of Stained Nanohybrid and Microhybrid Composite Resin.

Aim: The present study investigated the effects of laser and conventional in-office bleaching, and polishing on the color of stained composite resin.

Materials And Methods: A microhybrid composite (Clearfil AP-X) and a nanohybrid composite (Grandio) were selected. Twenty-four discs (2 × 10 mm) for each composite were prepared.

Effect of Different Bleaching Methods on Monomer Release from Aged Microhybrid and Nanohybrid Resin Composites.

Introduction: Recently, the application of laser-assisted bleaching has increased in dental practice. This method might affect the physical and chemical properties of resin composite and its monomer release. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of in-office, at-home, and laser-assisted bleaching on the monomer release (bisphenol A diglycidyl dimethacrylate (BisGMA), triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA)) from aged nanohybrid (Grandio, Voco) and microhybrid (Clearfil AP-X Esthetics, Kuraray) resin composites.

Effect of charcoal-based dentifrices on surface roughness of an aged resin composite.

Background: Recently, the use of whitening dentifrice has increased among patients. However, these products might increase the surface roughness of composite restorations and make them more susceptible to discoloration and plaque accumulation. This study aimed to compare the effects of two charcoal-based dentifrices and other whitening dentifrices with different mechanisms of action on the surface roughness of an aged resin composite.

Microtensile Repair Bond Strength of a Composite After Accelerated Artificial Aging: Effect of the Air Abrasion, Bur, Er:YAG Laser, Two-Step Self-etch Bonding, and Universal Bonding Repair System.

Repair of old composite restorations is a conservative approach. This study sought to compare the effects of two adhesive systems on the bond strength of repaired composites prepared by three different surface treatments: erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser irradiation, air-abrasion, and bur preparation. Eight microhybrid (Polofil Supra, VOCO, Germany) composite resin blocks were fabricated.

Vickers micro-hardness study of the effect of fluoride mouthwash on two types of CAD/CAM ceramic materials erosion.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effects of fluoride mouthwash on the surface micro-hardness of two types of CAD/CAM ceramics after exposure to acidic solutions.

Methods: 40 samples (5 × 5 × 3 mm) were prepared from two different ceramics: Vitabloc Mark II CAD, and IPS e.max CAD.

Effect of Bioinductive Cavity Liners on Shear Bond Strength of Dental Composite to Dentin.

Background: The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare the influence of Dycal, Lime-Lite, TheraCal LC, Biodentine, resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC), and Activa BioActive as the pulp capping material on the shear bond strength of resin composite to dentin.

Methods: A total of 70 extracted caries-free molars were randomly assigned to seven groups. Six test groups were covered with various protective liners: Dycal, TheraCal LC, Lime-Lite, Activa BioActive, Biodentine, and RMGIC.

Effect of whitening toothpastes containing activated charcoal, abrasive particles, or hydrogen peroxide on the color of aged microhybrid composite.

Background: This study aimed to assess the effect of different whitening toothpastes containing activated charcoal, abrasive particles or hydrogen peroxide on the color of aged microhybrid composite.

Materials And Methods: In this , experimental study, 45 composite discs (2 mm × 7 mm) were fabricated of a microhybrid composite. They underwent accelerated artificial aging for 300 h, corresponding to 1 year of clinical service.

Marginal microleakage and modified microtensile bond strength of Activa Bioactive, in comparison with conventional restorative materials.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the enamel and dentin marginal microleakage and dentin microtensile bond strength (μTBS) of ACTIVA BioACTIVE Restorative with and without a bonding agent compared with conventional restorative materials.

Material And Methods: For enamel and dentin microleakage, Class II boxes were prepared in the mesial (1 mm under the cementoenamel junction) and distal (1 mm above the cementoenamel junction) surfaces of 90 extracted human third molars. The teeth were randomly divided into five groups (n = 18): Group Z (G-Premio Bond + Filtek Z250 XT), Group X (G-Premio Bond + X-tra fil bulk-fill), Group AA (G-Premio Bond + Activa Bioactive restorative), Group A (Activa Bioactive restorative), and Group G (dentin conditioner + Fuji II LC Improve).

Comparison the effect of charcoal-containing, hydrogen peroxide-containing, and abrasive whitening toothpastes on color stability of a resin composite; an in vitro study.

Background: This study aimed to compare the effects of charcoal-containing, hydrogen peroxide-containing, and abrasive whitening toothpastes on color stability of a resin composite.

Methods: Forty-five specimens were fabricated of spectrum TPH3 composite resin and stored in artificial saliva for 24 h. Baseline color assessment was performed using a spectrophotometer device.

In Vitro Effect of Acidic Solutions and Sodium Fluoride on Surface Roughness of Two Types of CAD-CAM Dental Ceramics.

Objectives: This study assessed the effect of immersion in acidic solutions and sodium fluoride on surface roughness of dental ceramics.

Materials And Methods: 40 blocks of Vitablocs Mark II and IPS e.max CAD (5 × 5 × 3) were prepared.

Effect of Root Dentin Pretreatment on Micro-Push-Out Bond Strength of Fiber Posts to Root Canal Dentin: Cold Atmospheric Argon Plasma (CAAP) and Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid (EDTA).

Purpose: Debonding from the root canal dentin is the most common failure mode of fiber posts. This study aimed to assess the effects of cold atmospheric argon plasma (CAAP) and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on micro-push-out bond strength of fiber posts to root canal dentin.

Materials And Methods: Forty maxillary canine teeth were decoronated, underwent endodontic treatment, and were stored in an incubator for 7 days.

Direct Pulp Capping With ProRoot MTA Alone and in Combination With Er:YAG Laser Irradiation: A Clinical Trial.

Due to the complications of root canal treatment, conservative modalities to preserve pulp vitality are favorable. Direct pulp capping (DPC) refers to the coverage of the pulp tissue exposed by a biocompatible agent that can improve the prognosis of the tooth by 44% to 95%. Some recent studies have reported more predictable results (a success rate of about 90%) for DPC with laser and regenerative materials such as mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA).

Cytotoxic Effect of Addition of Different Concentrations of Nanohydroxyapatite to Resin Modified and Conventional Glass Ionomer Cements on L929 Murine Fibroblasts.

In this study we assessed the cytotoxic effect of nanohydroxyapatite (NHA) incorporated into resin modified and conventional glass ionomer cements (RMGICs and CGICs) on L929 murine fibroblasts. In this in vitro study, 0wt%, 1wt%, 2wt%, 5wt%, 7wt% and 10wt% concentrations of NHA were added to Fuji II LC RMGIC and Fuji IX CGIC powders. Eighteen samples (5×3mm) were fabricated from each type of glass ionomer, in six experimental groups (n=3): CG, CG, CG, CG, CG, CG RMG RMG, RMG, RMG, RMG, and RMG.

Evaluation of Compressive Strength of Several Pulp Capping Materials.

Statement Of The Problem: Adequate compressive strength is an important characteristic for an ideal liner.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the compressive strength of several commonly used liners.

Materials And Method: This in vitro, experimental study evaluated 120 samples fabricated of Dycal, Calcimol LC, Vitrebond, Activa Bioactive, and TheraCal LC (n=24) liners according to the manufacturers' instructions.

Effect of fluoride varnish on glass ionomer microhardness changes in endogenous acid erosion challenge.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effect of fluoride varnish on glass ionomer microhardness changes after endogenous acid erosion challenge.

Methodology: In this study, 40 conventional glass ionomer (CGI; Fuji IX) and 40 resin-modified glass ionomer (RMGI; Fuji IILC) discs were fabricated and divided into 4 subgroups ( = 10) for immersion in synthetic gastric acid or saliva for 27 h with/without fluoride varnish application. The surface microhardness was measured at baseline and after immersion, and the change in microhardness was calculated.

In vitro antibacterial activity and durability of a nano-curcumin-containing pulp capping agent combined with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy.

Background: Considering the antibacterial properties of nano-curcumin (nCur) reinforced with antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), this study aimed to assess the antibacterial activity and durability of Activa BioActive Base/Liner (ABBL) containing nCur (nCur-ABBL) as a pulp capping agent against Streptococcus mutans, the most common cause of secondary caries.

Materials And Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, ABBL discs containing 0.5 %, 1%, 2%, and 5% (w/w) concentrations of nCur were fabricated.

Degree of Conversion of Resin-Modified Glass Ionomer Cement Containing Hydroxyapatite Nanoparticles.

Objectives: Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles are used to improve the physical and mechanical properties of glass ionomers (GIs). This study aimed to assess the effect of addition of different weight percentages of nano-HA on degree of conversion (DC) of Fuji II LC GI cement using a spectrometer.

Materials And Methods: In this in vitro experimental study, 30 samples were fabricated of Fuji II LC (improved) GI cement in six groups (n=5) containing 0%, 1%, 2%, 5%, 7% and 10wt% nano-HA.

Efficacy of cavity liners with/without atmospheric cold helium plasma jet for dentin remineralization.

Unlabelled: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of cavity liners with/without the atmospheric cold plasma jet (ACPJ) for dentin remineralization.

Material And Methods: The occlusal third of 24 extracted third molars was cut. An occlusal cavity was prepared in the dentin of each tooth with 1 mm depth and 2 mm diameter and demineralized with 37% phosphoric acid for 1 min.

Restoration of a Nonvital Tooth with Fiber Reinforce Composite (Wallpapering Technique).

Introduction: Reconstruction of endodontically treated tooth (ETT) is one of the greatest challenges in dentistry. Clinical success of fiber reinforcement composite (FRC) restorations in ETT depends on many factors like remaining tooth structure, knowing advantages of adhesive dentistry besides its drawbacks, and the correct use of fibers in combination with resin composite. .

Hydrogen peroxide penetration into the pulp chamber during conventional in-office bleaching and diode laser-assisted bleaching with three different wavelengths.

Background And Aims: Penetration of hydrogen peroxide into the pulp chamber and subsequent tooth hypersensitivity is a common concern in dental bleaching. The aim of this study was to assess the penetration of hydrogen peroxide (HO) into the pulp chamber in diode-laser activated bleaching with different laser wavelengths.

Materials And Methods: Fifty extracted human maxillary anterior teeth were collected and divided into five groups(n = 10).