World Stroke Organization and World Hypertension League position statement on hypertension control strategies in prevention and management of stroke.

Background And Purpose: The goal of this consensus is to provide a comprehensive set of recommendations in regard to hypertension control strategies for the prevention and management of stroke. This document is intended for prehospital care providers, physicians, allied health professionals, and hospital administrators and healthcare policymakers.

Methods: Members of the writing group were representatives of the World Stroke Organization and World Hypertension League.

Association of Duration of Recognized Hypertension and Stroke Risk: The REGARDS Study.

Background: The focus for reducing hypertension-related cardiovascular disease is the management of blood pressure. Limited data are available on the potential benefit of delaying the onset of hypertension.

Methods: Stroke-free Black and White participants from the REGARDS cohort study (Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke; recruited 2003-2007) were followed through 2022 for incident stroke events.

Epidemiologic Features of Recovery From SARS-CoV-2 Infection.

Importance: Persistent symptoms and disability following SARS-CoV-2 infection, known as post-COVID-19 condition or "long COVID," are frequently reported and pose a substantial personal and societal burden.

Objective: To determine time to recovery following SARS-CoV-2 infection and identify factors associated with recovery by 90 days.

Design, Setting, And Participants: For this prospective cohort study, standardized ascertainment of SARS-CoV-2 infection was conducted starting in April 1, 2020, across 14 ongoing National Institutes of Health-funded cohorts that have enrolled and followed participants since 1971.

The Challenge of Examining Social Determinants of Health in People Living With Tourette Syndrome.

Background: To examine the association between race, ethnicity, and parental educational attainment on tic-related outcomes among Tourette Syndrome (TS) participants in the Tourette Association of America International Consortium for Genetics (TAAICG) database.

Methods: 723 participants in the TAAICG dataset aged ≤21 years were included. The relationships between tic-related outcomes and race and ethnicity were examined using linear and logistic regressions.

ACHIEVE conference proceedings: implementing action plans to reduce and control hypertension burden in Africa.

The prevalence of hypertension, the commonest risk factor for preventable disability and premature deaths, is rapidly increasing in Africa. The African Control of Hypertension through Innovative Epidemiology, and a Vibrant Ecosystem [ACHIEVE] conference was convened to discuss and initiate the co-implementation of the strategic solutions to tame this burden toward achieving a target of 80% for awareness, treatment, and control by the year 2030. Experts, including the academia, policymakers, patients, the WHO, and representatives of various hypertension and cardiology societies generated a 12-item communique for implementation by the stakeholders of the ACHIEVE ecosystem at the continental, national, sub-national, and local (primary) healthcare levels.

Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Pre-Pregnancy Hypertension with Subsequent Incident Venous Thromboembolic Events.

Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and pre-pregnancy hypertension contribute to maternal morbidity and mortality. We examined the association of HDP and pre-pregnancy hypertension with subsequent venous thromboembolic (VTE) events. The retrospective cohort study included 444,859 women with ≥1 live, singleton birth in South Carolina (2004-2016).

Factors associated with frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption among selected sub-Saharan African populations: evidence from the Cardiovascular H3Africa Innovation Resource Project.

Background: Frequent fruit and vegetable consumption is considered a promising dietary behaviour that protects health. However, most existing studies about the factors associated with this phenomenon among Africans are based on single-country reports, apart from one meta-regression combining smaller studies. This study harmonized large datasets and assessed factors associated with the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption in this population.

Clinical and neuroimaging factors associated with 30-day fatality among indigenous West Africans with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage.

Background: Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is associated with a high case fatality rate in resource-limited settings. The independent predictors of poor outcome after ICH in sub-Saharan Africa remains to be characterized in large epidemiological studies. We aimed to determine factors associated with 30-day fatality among West African patients with ICH.

Effect of Dietary Sodium on Blood Pressure: A Crossover Trial.

Importance: Dietary sodium recommendations are debated partly due to variable blood pressure (BP) response to sodium intake. Furthermore, the BP effect of dietary sodium among individuals taking antihypertensive medications is understudied.

Objectives: To examine the distribution of within-individual BP response to dietary sodium, the difference in BP between individuals allocated to consume a high- or low-sodium diet first, and whether these varied according to baseline BP and antihypertensive medication use.

Implementation Strategies to Improve Blood Pressure Control in the United States: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association and American Medical Association.

Hypertension is one of the most important risk factors that contribute to incident cardiovascular events. A multitude of US and international hypertension guidelines, scientific statements, and policy statements have recommended evidence-based approaches for hypertension management and improved blood pressure (BP) control. These recommendations are based largely on high-quality observational and randomized controlled trial data.

Diversity, Equity, Inclusion, and Health Inequities Training in Neurologic Disorders and Stroke: Analysis and Recommendations From the NINDS Advisory Council Working Group.

Background And Objectives: In 2020, the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS) leadership asked its Advisory Council to review NINDS efforts in the domains of diversity, equity, inclusion, and health inequities. Part of these efforts involved a focus on health equity training and health equity research workforce diversification activities. The objective of this article was to summarize the findings and make recommendations regarding these training activities.

The HEARTS partner forum-supporting implementation of HEARTS to treat and control hypertension.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), principally ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke, are the leading causes of death (18. 6 million deaths annually) and disability (393 million disability-adjusted life-years lost annually), worldwide. High blood pressure is the most important preventable risk factor for CVD and deaths, worldwide (10.

[Association between population hypertension control and ischemic heart disease and stroke mortality in 36 countries of the Americas, 1990-2019: an ecological studyAssociação entre controle populacional da hipertensão e mortalidade por doença cardíaca isquêmica e acidente vascular cerebral em 36 países das Américas, 1990-2019: um estudo ecológico].

Objective: To quantify the association between the prevalence of population hypertension control and ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke mortality in 36 countries of the Americas from 1990 to 2019.

Methods: This ecologic study uses the prevalence of hypertension, awareness, treatment, and control from the NCD-RisC and IHD and stroke mortality from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Regression analysis was used to assess time trends and the association between population hypertension control and mortality.

Urban-rural differences in hypertension prevalence, blood pressure control, and systolic blood pressure levels.

Higher rates of cardiovascular events have been observed among rural residents compared with urban. Hypertension and lack of blood pressure (BP) control are risk factors for cardiovascular events. We compared the prevalence of hypertension and controlled BP, and the distribution of systolic blood pressure (SBP), by urban-rural residence.

Ethnic Variations in Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes From Newer Glucose-Lowering Drugs: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Outcome Trials.

Background Hispanic populations are more likely to develop diabetes and its related diseases than non-Hispanic White populations. Little evidence exists to support whether the cardiovascular and renal benefits of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists are generalizable to the Hispanic populations. Methods and Results We included the cardiovascular and renal outcome trials (up to March 2021) that reported the major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), cardiovascular death/hospitalization for heart failure, and composite renal outcomes by ethnicity in individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D), calculated pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% CIs using fixed-effects models, and tested the differences between Hispanic and non-Hispanic populations ( for interaction []).

African Control of Hypertension through Innovative Epidemiology and a Vibrant Ecosystem (ACHIEVE): novel strategies for accelerating hypertension control in Africa.

Hypertension is a leading preventable and controllable risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and the leading preventable risk for death globally. With a prevalence of nearly 50% and 93% of cases uncontrolled, very little progress has been made in detecting, treating, and controlling hypertension in Africa over the past thirty years. We propose the African Control of Hypertension through Innovative Epidemiology and a Vibrant Ecosystem (ACHIEVE) to implement the HEARTS package for improved surveillance, prevention, treatment/acute care of hypertension, and rehabilitation of those with hypertension complications across the life course.

Patient-level and system-level determinants of stroke fatality across 16 large hospitals in Ghana and Nigeria: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Every minute, six indigenous Africans develop new strokes. Patient-level and system-level contributors to early stroke fatality in this region are yet to be delineated. We aimed to identify and quantify the contributions of patient-level and system-level determinants of inpatient stroke fatality across 16 hospitals in Ghana and Nigeria.

Secondhand smoke exposure is independently associated with stroke among non-smoking adults in West Africa.

Background: Stroke is a leading cause of disability and mortality worldwide, but little is known about the contribution of secondhand smoke exposure (SHSE) to stroke epidemiology among indigenous Africans.

Objective: To evaluate the association of SHSE with stroke among indigenous Africans.

Methods: We analyzed the relationship of SHSE with stroke among 2990 case-control pairs of adults who had never smoked (identified in the SIREN study) using conditional logistic regression at a two-sided P < 0.