Information extraction from historical well records using a large language model.

To reduce environmental risks and impacts from orphaned wells (abandoned oil and gas wells), it is essential to first locate and then plug these wells. Manual reading and digitizing of information from historical documents is not feasible, given the large number of wells. Here, we propose a new computational approach for rapidly and cost-effectively characterizing these wells.

Unlocking Solutions: Innovative Approaches to Identifying and Mitigating the Environmental Impacts of Undocumented Orphan Wells in the United States.

In the United States, hundreds of thousands of undocumented orphan wells have been abandoned, leaving the burden of managing environmental hazards to governmental agencies or the public. These wells, a result of over a century of fossil fuel extraction without adequate regulation, lack basic information like location and depth, emit greenhouse gases, and leak toxic substances into groundwater. For most of these wells, basic information such as well location and depth is unknown or unverified.

Estimates of lithium mass yields from produced water sourced from the Devonian-aged Marcellus Shale.

Decarbonatization initiatives have rapidly increased the demand for lithium. This study uses public waste compliance reports and Monte Carlo approaches to estimate total lithium mass yields from produced water (PW) sourced from the Marcellus Shale in Pennsylvania (PA). Statewide, Marcellus Shale PW has substantial extractable lithium, however, concentrations, production volumes and extraction efficiencies vary between the northeast and southwest operating zones.

Composition and Origin of Surface Casing Fluids in a Major US Oil- and Gas-Producing Region.

Fluids leaked from oil and gas wells often originate from their surface casing─a steel pipe installed beneath the deepest underlying source of potable groundwater that serves as the final barrier around the well system. In this study, we analyze a regulatory dataset of surface casing geochemical samples collected from 2573 wells in northeastern Colorado─the only known publicly available dataset of its kind. Thermogenic gas was present in the surface casings of 96.

Public data from three US states provide new insights into well integrity.

Oil and gas wells with compromised integrity are a concern because they can potentially leak hydrocarbons or other fluids into groundwater and/or the atmosphere. Most states in the United States require some form of integrity testing, but few jurisdictions mandate widespread testing and open reporting on a scale informative for leakage risk assessment. In this study, we searched 33 US state oil and gas regulatory agency databases and identified records useful for evaluating well integrity in Colorado, New Mexico, and Pennsylvania.

Microbial and Biogeochemical Indicators of Methane in Groundwater Aquifers of the Denver Basin, Colorado.

The presence of methane and other hydrocarbons in domestic-use groundwater aquifers poses significant environmental and human health concerns. Isotopic measurements are often relied upon as indicators of groundwater aquifer contamination with methane. While these parameters are used to infer microbial metabolisms, there is growing evidence that isotopes present an incomplete picture of subsurface microbial processes.

Exploring the research culture in the health information management profession in Australia.

Background: Research is an important activity that informs knowledge and practice. The research culture within the Australian Health Information Management (HIM) profession has not been previously reported.

Objective: This study explored the perceptions of HIM practitioners about research in their role to establish if there is a research culture in the Australian HIM profession.

Efficient and effective precepting of pharmacy students in acute and ambulatory care rotations: A Delphi expert panel study.

Purpose: Using the Delphi process, a panel of experienced preceptors achieved consensus on best practices to increase preceptor efficiency and effectiveness.

Methods: The Delphi panelists completed 3 survey rounds and a face-to-face meeting. Survey questions covered several topics, including preparation of students for rotations, preceptor efficiency and effectiveness, potential resident contributions to precepting, methods of developing critical-thinking skills and providing assessment and feedback, precepting time metrics, and barriers to preceptor effectiveness.

Surface Casing Pressure As an Indicator of Well Integrity Loss and Stray Gas Migration in the Wattenberg Field, Colorado.

The risk of environmental contamination by oil and gas wells depends strongly on the frequency with which they lose integrity. Wells with compromised integrity typically exhibit pressure in their outermost annulus (surface casing pressure, SfCP) due to gas accumulation. SfCP is an easily measured but poorly documented gauge of well integrity.

Groundwater methane in relation to oil and gas development and shallow coal seams in the Denver-Julesburg Basin of Colorado.

Unconventional oil and gas development has generated intense public concerns about potential impacts to groundwater quality. Specific pathways of contamination have been identified; however, overall rates of contamination remain ambiguous. We used an archive of geochemical data collected from 1988 to 2014 to determine the sources and occurrence of groundwater methane in the Denver-Julesburg Basin of northeastern Colorado.

An 11-year retrospective review of venlafaxine ingestion in children from the California Poison Control System.

Venlafaxine is commonly used in the United States for approved and non-Food and Drug Administration-approved indications in adults. It is used off-label to treat children for psychiatric diagnoses. The aim of the study was to describe venlafaxine toxicities in children and to identify the venlafaxine dose per weight that correlates with toxicities.

Obsessive-compulsive symptoms: the contribution of obsessional beliefs and experiential avoidance.

Experiential (emotional) avoidance (EA), a core concept in acceptance and commitment therapy, involves an unwillingness to endure upsetting emotions, thoughts, memories, and other private experiences; and is hypothesized to play a role in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The present study examined how well EA, relative to traditional cognitive-behavioral theoretical constructs such as dysfunctional core beliefs about intrusive thoughts, predicts obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms. A sample of 353 non-clinical participants completed measures of EA, core "obsessive" beliefs, and OC symptoms.

"Feeling blue" in Spanish: a qualitative inquiry of depression among Mexican immigrants.

Studies of the cultural construction of depression among Mexican immigrant men in the USA are rare. This paper is a qualitative inquiry into how this population of men identifies depression and its perceived causes and remedies. Data were gathered from seven focus groups with a total of 38 adult Mexican immigrant men.

A profile of Little Athletes' injuries and the prevention methods used.

This study provides a profile of injuries sustained by Little Athletes and the injury prevention strategies they employed. The sample comprised 388 registered Little Athletes from seven Sydney New South Wales Clubs. Results from the survey and fieldwork suggested that at least one out of five Little Athletes had one or more injuries resulting from their participation in the current season.

Removal of the preputial diverticulum in swine.

A new technique for removal of the preputial diverticulum in swine was performed on 33 sexually intact male potbellied pigs, 12 domestic boar cadavers, and 4 domestic swine (2 sexually intact males and 2 barrows). With each pig under general anesthesia, the body and horns of the diverticulum were everted through the preputial orifice and excised. In some cases, the stump of the diverticulum was sutured.

Loss of tomato cell wall galactan may involve reduced rate of synthesis.

Changes in the galactose content of the noncellulosic polysaccharides of tomato (Mill) fruit cell walls were analyzed under various conditions. On the plant, galactan decreased gradually during fruit growth. As normal fruits ripened, the loss of galactan increased sharply; this was not observed in attached rin fruits beyond the fully mature stage.