Case of functional paraganglioma with intraoperative hypertensive crisis during robot-assisted thoracoscopic resection.

Background: Mediastinal paragangliomas are rare. Their dangerousness may unfold during surgery, especially if hormonal activity was previously unknown. We report our experience with this case in context to the incidence and localization of atypically located mediastinal paragangliomas in the literature.

Hemodynamics and cutaneous microcirculation during induction of general anesthesia with and without esketamine.

Objective: Currently, there are limited data on the effect of macrocirculatory hemodynamic changes on human microcirculation, especially during the induction of general anesthesia (GA).

Methods: We performed a non-randomized observational trial on patients receiving GA for elective surgery. In the control group (CG), for GA induction sufentanil, propofol, and rocuronium was administered.

Induction of severe hypoxemia and low lung recruitability for the evaluation of therapeutic ventilation strategies: a translational model of combined surfactant-depletion and ventilator-induced lung injury.

Background: Models of hypoxemic lung injury caused by lavage-induced pulmonary surfactant depletion are prone to prompt recovery of blood oxygenation following recruitment maneuvers and have limited translational validity. We hypothesized that addition of injurious ventilation following surfactant-depletion creates a model of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) with persistently low recruitability and higher levels of titrated "best" positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during protective ventilation.

Methods: Two types of porcine lung injury were induced by lung lavage and 3 h of either protective or injurious ventilation, followed by 3 h of protective ventilation (N = 6 per group).

Surfactant Depletion Combined with Injurious Ventilation Results in a Reproducible Model of the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS).

Various animal models exist to study the complex pathomechanisms of the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). These models include pulmo-arterial infusion of oleic acid, infusion of endotoxins or bacteria, cecal ligation and puncture, various pneumonia models, lung ischemia/reperfusion models and, of course, surfactant depletion models, among others. Surfactant depletion produces a rapid, reproducible deterioration of pulmonary gas exchange and hemodynamics and can be induced in anesthetized pigs using repeated lung lavages with 0.

Convergent cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence for gaming-cue specific posterior parietal dysregulations in early stages of internet gaming disorder.

Exaggerated reactivity to drug-cues and emotional dysregulations represent key symptoms of early stages of substance use disorders. The diagnostic criteria for (Internet) gaming disorder strongly resemble symptoms for substance-related addictions. However, previous cross-sections studies revealed inconsistent results with respect to neural cue reactivity and emotional dysregulations in these populations.

First application of intraoperative MRI of the liver during ALPPS procedure for colorectal liver metastases.

Purpose: Intraoperative detection of intrahepatic lesions can be demanding. The use of preoperative contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computer tomography (CT) combined with intraoperative ultrasound of the liver is state of the art. Near totally regressed colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy or nodules in severely altered liver tissue as steatosis or cirrhosis are often hard to detect during the operative procedure.

The dawn of physiological closed-loop ventilation-a review.

The level of automation in mechanical ventilation has been steadily increasing over the last few decades. There has recently been renewed interest in physiological closed-loop control of ventilation. The development of these systems has followed a similar path to that of manual clinical ventilation, starting with ensuring optimal gas exchange and shifting to the prevention of ventilator-induced lung injury.

What Does Our Personality Say About Our Dietary Choices? Insights on the Associations Between Dietary Habits, Primary Emotional Systems and the Dark Triad of Personality.

The awareness of the consequences of consuming animal products for the environment and one's own health has been growing in recent years. The aim of the present research project was to examine the relationship between individual differences in biologically rooted primary emotional systems arising from phylogenetically old brain areas and dietary habits including being a vegan/vegetarian or omnivore (Study 1). Additionally, the link between the Dark Triad personality traits and dietary habits was investigated (also Study 1).

rs2572431 Polymorphism on Chromosome 8 Is Associated With Individual Differences in Anxiety Related Coping Modes.

Objective: The role of genetic factors in the interplay between anxiety-related coping and personality has been the subject of interest in numerous previous studies. The current study focused on anxiety-related coping modes, namely repression versus sensitization (i.e.

Addictive Features of Social Media/Messenger Platforms and Freemium Games against the Background of Psychological and Economic Theories.

Currently about 2.71 billion humans use a smartphone worldwide. Although smartphone technology has brought many advances, a growing number of scientists discuss potential detrimental effects due to excessive smartphone use.

Linking Internet Communication and Smartphone Use Disorder by taking a closer look at the Facebook and WhatsApp applications.

Introduction: Smartphones are ubiquitous in the digital society. Although this powerful device is useful because it supports and simplifies many tasks in everyday life, a growing number of researchers is concerned that smartphones might have detrimental effects on the human brain and related psychological processes. Evidence indicates that social media platforms such as WhatsApp and Facebook are essential drivers of smartphone usage.

Associations between the dark triad of personality and unspecified/specific forms of Internet-use disorder.

Background And Aims: Despite indications that the dark triad of personality might be associated with Internet-use disorder (IUD), research about these associations is lacking.

Methods: Two studies were performed to grasp the links between these variables. In the first study, a sample consisting of N = 468 participants (n = 130 males) filled in the Short Dark Triad Questionnaire to assess scores in the dark triad of personality and the short Internet Addiction Test to assess tendencies toward unspecified IUD.

Angiotensin II type 2 receptor agonist Compound 21 attenuates pulmonary inflammation in a model of acute lung injury.

Purpose: Although the role of the angiotensin II type 2 (AT2) receptor in acute lung injury is not yet completely understood, a protective role of this receptor subtype has been suggested. We hypothesized that, in a rodent model of acute lung injury, stimulation of the AT2 receptor with the direct agonist Compound 21 (C21) might have a beneficial effect on pulmonary inflammation and might improve pulmonary gas exchange.

Materials And Methods: Male adult rats were divided into a treatment group that received pulmonary lavage followed by mechanical ventilation (LAV, n=9), a group receiving pulmonary lavage, mechanical ventilation, and direct stimulation of the AT2 receptor with C21 (LAV+C21, n=9), and a control group that received mechanical ventilation only (control, n=9).

The Role of Empathy and Life Satisfaction in Internet and Smartphone Use Disorder.

Recent studies have yielded initial evidence for an association between Internet Use Disorder (IUD), empathy, and life satisfaction. In the present study we sought to replicate these previous findings, and then to extend this research by also examining the relationship between empathy, life satisfaction, and the related phenomenon of Smartphone Use Disorder (SUD). The present study included independent samples from China ( = 612, 162 females) and Germany ( = 304, 207 females), with the same set of questionnaires administered to both samples.

Contributing to Overall Life Satisfaction: Personality Traits Versus Life Satisfaction Variables Revisited-Is Replication Impossible?

Virtually everybody would agree that life satisfaction is of immense importance in everyday life. Thus, it is not surprising that a considerable amount of research using many different methodological approaches has investigated what the best predictors of life satisfaction are. In the present study, we have focused on several key potential influences on life satisfaction including bottom-up and top-down models, cross-cultural effects, and demographic variables.

The 2D:4D Marker and Different Forms of Internet Use Disorder.

Internet use disorder (IUD) presents a growing problem worldwide. Among others, it manifests in loss of control over Internet usage and social problems due to problematic Internet use. Although IUD currently is not an official diagnosis in DSM-5 or ICD-10, mounting evidence suggests that IUD indeed could be categorized as a behavioral addiction.

Orbitofrontal gray matter deficits as marker of Internet gaming disorder: converging evidence from a cross-sectional and prospective longitudinal design.

Internet gaming disorder represents a growing health issue. Core symptoms include unsuccessful attempts to control the addictive patterns of behavior and continued use despite negative consequences indicating a loss of regulatory control. Previous studies revealed brain structural deficits in prefrontal regions subserving regulatory control in individuals with excessive Internet use.

Commuting, Life-Satisfaction and Internet Addiction.

The focus of the present work was on the association between commuting (business and private), life satisfaction, stress, and (over-) use of the Internet. Considering that digital devices are omnipresent in buses and trains, no study has yet investigated if commuting contributes to the development of Internet addiction. Overall, N = 5039 participants (N = 3477 females, age M = 26.

Closed-loop mechanical ventilation for lung injury: a novel physiological-feedback mode following the principles of the open lung concept.

Adherence to low tidal volume (V) ventilation and selected positive end-expiratory pressures are low during mechanical ventilation for treatment of the acute respiratory distress syndrome. Using a pig model of severe lung injury, we tested the feasibility and physiological responses to a novel fully closed-loop mechanical ventilation algorithm based on the "open lung" concept. Lung injury was induced by surfactant washout in pigs (n = 8).

Facebook usage on smartphones and gray matter volume of the nucleus accumbens.

A recent study has implicated the nucleus accumbens of the ventral striatum in explaining why online-users spend time on the social network platform Facebook. Here, higher activity of the nucleus accumbens was associated with gaining reputation on social media. In the present study, we touched a related research field.

Working memory capacity and the functional connectome - insights from resting-state fMRI and voxelwise centrality mapping.

The functional connectome represents a comprehensive network map of functional connectivity throughout the human brain. To date, the relationship between the organization of functional connectivity and cognitive performance measures is still poorly understood. In the present study we use resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data to explore the link between the functional connectome and working memory capacity in an individual differences design.

Complement activation contributes to ventilator-induced lung injury in rats.

The complement system contributes to ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). We hypothesized that pretreatment with the C1 esterase inhibitor (C1INH) Berinert® constrains complement activation consecutively inducing improvements in arterial oxygenation and histological pulmonary damage. At baseline, male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent mechanical ventilation in a conventional mode (PIP 13 cm HO, PEEP 3 cm HO).