Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging outcome after proximal hamstring tendon repair at mean 3 years follow-up.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess clinical and radiological outcome in patients after proximal hamstring tendon repair. We hypothesized that there is a significant correlation among subjective clinical outcome and interlimb asymmetries in muscle strength, fatty infiltration, and hamstring volume.

Methods: This retrospective monocentric case series included patients with surgical repair after proximal hamstring tendon rupture.

Good functional outcome but high rates of instability recurrence after posterior open-wedge glenoid osteotomy for the treatment of posterior shoulder instability with increased glenoid retroversion at mid-term follow-up.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical, functional and radiological mid-term outcomes following posterior open-wedge glenoid osteotomy (POWGO) for the treatment of posterior shoulder instability (PSI) associated with increased glenoid retroversion.

Methods: Patients who underwent POWGO for the treatment of symptomatic PSI with glenoid retroversion >10° and participated in a previous study assessing short-term outcomes were included after a minimum follow-up of 5 years. Clinical (Rowe score and physical examination) and functional outcomes (Oxford Shoulder Instability Score [OSIS] and visual analogue scale [VAS] for pain) were assessed.

Clinical and radiological outcome of acute quadriceps tendon repair at 2 - year follow-up.

Purpose: Though previous studies on surgical quadriceps tendon repair reported good to satisfactory results its impact on knee extensor strength and patellofemoral joint is unknown. The purpose of the study was to assess the clinical and functional outcome by quantifying subjective knee related outcome, isokinetic extensor strength complemented by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Methods: For this retrospective clinical trial twenty-one patients with a mean age of 59.

Mid- to long-term outcome of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty as revision procedure for failed hemiarthroplasty after proximal humerus fracture.

Background: Insufficient tuberosity healing is the most common reason for poor outcome after treatment of proximal humerus fractures (PHFs) using hemiarthroplasty (HA). In these cases, revision to reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) can improve function and reduce pain in the short term, however, long-term results remain scarce. Aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiological mid- to long-term results in patients with a revision RTSA after failed HA for PHF.

Glenolabral Articular Disruption (GLAD) Is Not Associated with Worse Outcomes or Higher Instability Recurrence after Arthroscopic Bankart Repair-A Matched-Pair Analysis.

This study aimed to compare clinical outcomes and recurrence of instability after arthroscopic Bankart repair (ABR) in patients with anterior shoulder instability, with and without a GLAD lesion, while distinguishing between primary and recurrent instability. Consecutive patients who underwent isolated ABR between January 2012 and December 2021 were included. Patients with a concomitant GLAD lesion were matched in with patients without a GLAD lesion according to the following criteria: age, sex, BMI, follow-up time, and primary versus recurrent instability.

Superior Capsular Reconstruction Using an Acellular Dermal Xenograft or Allograft Improves Shoulder Function but Is Associated with a High Graft Failure Rate.

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate clinical and functional outcomes, graft integrity rate and progression of osteoarthritis after superior capsular reconstruction (SCR) at short-term follow-up. Consecutive patients that underwent SCR using an acellular dermal xeno- or allograft between May 2018 and June 2020 for the treatment of irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff tears were included. Shoulder function (American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons [ASES] score), pain (Visual Analog Scale [VAS] for pain) and active shoulder range of motion (ROM) were evaluated preoperatively and after a minimum of 24 months postoperatively.

The latissimus dorsi creates a dynamic track for the inferior angle of the scapula during arm abduction in humans.

Background: The importance of several scapulothoracic muscles, including trapezius and serratus anterior, in maintaining physiological scapula kinematics has been highlighted in the past. However, the relationship between the scapula and the latissimus dorsi muscle remains unclear. Our clinical surgical observation is that the latissimus dorsi does not directly attach but rather runs superficial to the inferior angle of the scapula.

Treatment strategies for simple elbow dislocation - a systematic review.

Background: Current treatment concepts for simple elbow dislocation involve conservative and surgical approaches. The aim of this systematic review was to identify the superiority of one treatment strategy over the other by a qualitative analysis in adult patients who suffered simple elbow luxation.

Study Design: A systematic review in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines and following the suggestions for reporting on qualitative summaries was performed.

Functional and Radiologic Outcomes of Degenerative Versus Traumatic Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears Involving the Supraspinatus Tendon.

Background: Arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) is among the most commonly performed orthopaedic procedures. Several factors-including age, sex, and tear severity-have been identified as predictors for outcome after repair. The influence of the tear etiology on functional and structural outcome remains controversial.

SECEC Didier Patte Prize 2023: the ABC classification of posterior shoulder instability.

Background: The ABC classification has recently been proposed as a comprehensive classification system for posterior shoulder instability (PSI). The purpose of this study was to analyze the comprehensiveness as well as inter-rater and intrarater reliability of the ABC classification.

Methods: All consecutive patients presenting with unidirectional PSI from June 2019 to June 2021 were included in a prospective study.

Intact revision rotator cuff repair stabilizes muscle atrophy and fatty infiltration after minimum follow up of two years.

Background: The extent of fatty infiltration and rotator cuff (RC) atrophy is crucial for the clinical results after rotator cuff repair (RCR). The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in fatty infiltration and RC atrophy after revision RCR and to correlate them with functional outcome parameters.

Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic revision RCR for symptomatic recurrent full-thickness tear of the supraspinatus tendon between 2008 and 2014 and were retrospectively reviewed with a minimum follow up of 2 years.

Losartan in Combination With Bone Marrow Stimulation Showed Synergistic Effects on Load to Failure and Tendon Matrix Organization in a Rabbit Model.

Purpose: To investigate the effects of combining bone marrow stimulation (BMS) with oral losartan to block transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) on biomechanical repair strength in a rabbit chronic injury model.

Methods: Forty rabbits were randomly allocated into 4 groups (10 in each group). The supraspinatus tendon was detached and left alone for 6 weeks to establish a rabbit chronic injury model and was then repaired in a surgical procedure using a transosseous, linked, crossing repair construct.

Arthroscopic Posterior Capsulolabral Repair With Suture-First Versus Anchor-First Technique in Patients With Posterior Shoulder Instability (Type B2): Clinical Midterm Follow-up.

Background: Isolated soft tissue injuries of the posterior capsulolabral complex can be addressed arthroscopically, with various anchor systems available for repair.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical and patient-reported outcomes after arthroscopic capsulolabral repair in patients with posterior shoulder instability (PSI) and to compare differences in outcomes between patients treated with a suture-first technique (PushLock anchor) and an anchor-first technique (FiberTak all-suture anchor).

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Management of Irreparable Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears-A Current Concepts Review and Proposed Treatment Algorithm by the AGA Shoulder Committee.

Posterosuperior rotator cuff tears range among the most common causes of shoulder complaints. While non-operative treatment is typically reserved for the elderly patient with low functional demands, surgical treatment is considered the gold standard for active patients. More precisely, an anatomic rotator cuff repair (RCR) is considered the most desirable treatment option and should be generally attempted during surgery.

Superior Capsule Reconstruction Using Acellular Dermal Allograft Secured at 45° of Glenohumeral Abduction Improves the Superior Stability of the Glenohumeral Joint in Irreparable Massive Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff Tears.

Purpose: The purpose of the current study was to create a dynamic cadaveric shoulder model to determine the effect of graft fixation angle on shoulder biomechanics following SCR and to assess which commonly used fixation angle (30° vs 45° of abduction) results in superior glenohumeral biomechanics.

Methods: Twelve fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders were evaluated using a dynamic shoulder testing system. Humeral head translation, subacromial and glenohumeral contact pressures were compared among 4 conditions: 1) Intact, 2) Irreparable supra- and infraspinatus tendon tear, 3) SCR using acellular dermal allograft (ADA) fixation at 30° of abduction, and 4) SCR with ADA fixation at 45° of abduction.

Arthroscopic Posterior Articular Coverage and Shift (PACS) Procedure for Treatment of Preosteoarthritic Constitutional Static Posterior Shoulder Instability (Type C1).

Background: Different joint-preserving techniques for treatment of preosteoarthritic, constitutional static (type C1) posterior shoulder instability (PSI) have been proposed, including posterior glenoid open wedge osteotomy and bone graft augmentation. However, the techniques are demanding, the reported complication and reoperation rates are high, and posterior decentering cannot reliably be reversed.

Purpose: To assess the clinical and radiological longitudinal outcomes of patients with type C1 PSI after arthroscopic posterior articular coverage and shift (PACS) surgery.

Effects of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic on residency training in orthopedics and traumatology in Germany : A nationwide survey.

Background: The spread of the coronavirus disease has impacted healthcare systems worldwide; however, restrictions due to the SARS-CoV‑2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) pandemic are particularly drastic for physicians in residency training. Imposed restrictions interrupt the standard educational curricula, and consequently limited residents to meet mandatory requirements.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the SARS-CoV‑2 pandemic on residency training in orthopedics and trauma surgery in Germany.

Glenoid retroversion does not impact clinical outcomes or implant survivorship after total shoulder arthroplasty with minimal, noncorrective reaming.

Hypothesis: Both clinical outcomes and early rates of failure will not be associated with glenoid retroversion.

Methods: All patients who underwent an anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty with minimal, noncorrective reaming between 2006 and 2016 with minimum 2-year follow-up were reviewed. Measurements for retroversion, inclination, and posterior subluxation were obtained from magnetic resonance imaging or computerized tomography.

SLAP Repair Versus Subpectoral Biceps Tenodesis for Isolated SLAP Type 2 Lesions in Overhead Athletes Younger Than 35 Years: Comparison of Minimum 2-Year Outcomes.

Background: It remains unclear if young overhead athletes with isolated superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) type 2 lesions benefit more from SLAP repair or subpectoral biceps tenodesis.

Purpose: To evaluate clinical outcomes and return to sport in overhead athletes with symptomatic SLAP type 2 lesions who underwent either biceps tenodesis or SLAP repair.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Implant Sizing and Positioning in Anatomical Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using a Rotator Cuff-Sparing Postero-Inferior Approach.

The goal of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a rotator cuff-sparing postero-inferior (PI) approach with subdeltoidal access to the traditional subscapularis-takedown deltopectoral approach, in terms of implant sizing and positioning in anatomical total shoulder arthroplasty (aTSA). This study involved 18 human cadaveric shoulders with intact rotator cuffs and no evidence of head deforming osteoarthritis. An Eclipse stemless aTSA (Arthrex, Naples, FL, USA) was implanted in nine randomly selected specimens using a standard subscapularis-tenotomy deltopectoral approach, and in the other nine specimens using the cuff-sparing PI approach.

Effect of Active and Passive Function of the Posterosuperior Rotator Cuff on Compensatory Muscle Loads in the Shoulder.

Background: Irreparable posterosuperior rotator cuff (PSRC) tears have been shown to result in shoulder pain and loss of function.

Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the loss of active or passive function of the PSRC on compensatory muscle loads in the deltoid and the remaining rotator cuff. It was hypothesized that both deactivation and resection of the PSRC would result in load increases in the remaining muscles and that resection of the PSRC would result in even higher required compensatory forces than would mere deactivation.

Arthroscopic Bone Block Cerclage Technique Using a Tricortical Scapular Spine Autograft for Glenoid Reconstruction in Patients With Anterior Shoulder Instability.

In the treatment of anterior shoulder instability with glenoid bone loss, free bone graft transfers have proven to be a viable anatomic alternative to the commonly performed, nonanatomic Latarjet procedure. Implant-free fixation of the free bone grafts, in particular, has rendered excellent short- and long-term results. However, a drawback remains the source of the graft.

Patient satisfaction, joint stability and return to sports following simple elbow dislocations: surgical versus non-surgical treatment.

Purpose: While conservative management is commonly promoted for simple elbow dislocations, the importance of primary surgical treatment in these injuries is still undetermined. The objective of this study was to report patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), return to sports (RTS) and joint stability using ultrasound in patients following conservative or surgical treatment after simple elbow dislocation.

Methods: Patients with a minimum follow-up of 24 months after conservative (CT) or surgical treatment (ST) following simple elbow dislocation were included in this retrospective study.

The Independent Double-Row (IDR) Bony Bankart Repair Technique.

A displaced anterior glenoid rim fracture, the so-called bony Bankart lesion, occurs after a traumatic shoulder dislocation resulting from a high energy trauma and is associated with recurrent shoulder instability. Different surgical techniques have been described in the literature to address this pathology, including open reduction and fixation, as well as arthroscopic transosseous, and single-row or double-row approaches with the use of suture anchors. However, there is currently no gold standard of treatment and the stability of fixation and the healing of the bony fragment are still a concern.