Efficacy and tolerability of tirbanibulin 1% ointment in the treatment of cancerization field: a real-life Italian multicenter observational study of 250 patients.

Background: Tirbanibulin 1% ointment is approved for the field treatment of Olsen grade I actinic keratoses (AKs) of the face and scalp.

Methods: We performed a multicenter retrospective study involving 15 dermatologic units in Italy to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of tirbanibulin in a real-life setting. 250 patients were enrolled.

Therapeutic approaches and targets for treatment of autoimmune bullous diseases.

Autoimmune bullous diseases are a heterogeneous group of diseases characterized by the development of cutaneous and mucosal vesicles, blisters, and finally erosions. The common pathogenetic mechanism is the presence of autoantibodies targeting structural proteins of the skin and mucous membranes (demosomes and hemidesmosomes): in the case of pemphigus, the antigens are intraepidermal, whereas in the case of pemphigoid, dermatitis herpetiformis, and epidermolysis bullosa acquisita they are subepidermal. Mucosal involvement typically affects the oral and ocular mucosa, but in some cases, the upper airways or the upper digestive tract are affected.

The CITIMERIVA Study: CITIcoline plus MEmantina plus RIVAstigmine in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease.

Objective: Combined therapy of memantine or acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, with cholinergic precursors such as citicoline, can be effective in Alzheimer's disease. Indeed, they are able to increase the intrasynaptic levels of acetylcholine more than the single drug. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of oral citicoline plus memantine plus rivastigmine in patients with Alzheimer's disease.

A Retrospective Study on the Benefits of Combined Citicoline, Memantine, and Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitor Treatments in Older Patients Affected with Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Background: Citicoline has been proven to have beneficial effects in patients with cognitive impairment. In previous studies, combined treatment with memantine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) maintained cognitive function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) better than memantine or AChEIs alone.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a combination therapy of oral citicoline, memantine, and an AChEI in AD when compared with memantine and an AChEI without citicoline.

Prediction equation for estimating cognitive function using physical fitness parameters in older adults.

Ageing is associated with declines in cognitive functions and physical fitness (PF). Physical exercise training and physical activity (PA) have been shown to have positive effects on cognitive functions and brain plasticity. This study aims to establish a practical equation for evaluating cognitive functions using PF parameters in healthy older adults.

Combined CO laser and photodynamic therapy enhances the efficacy of treatment of basal cell carcinomas.

Background And Objectives: In selected cases, conventional photodynamic therapy (C-PDT) is a valid alternative to surgery for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, it is limited to superficial BCCs. Pretreatment of BCCs with ablative lasers may enhance its efficacy.

Depressive symptoms in caregivers of patients with dementia: demographic variables and burden.

Objective: Individuals suffering from dementia are affected by a progressive and significant global deterioration and, consequently, might require longer assistance in the advanced stage of the illness. The illness is a great burden on the person who takes care of a patient, namely, the caregiver. This study aims to analyze the presence and relationship of specific sociodemographic variables, subjective burden, and depressive symptoms among caregivers of patients with dementia.

Retrospective study on the benefits of combined Memantine and cholinEsterase inhibitor treatMent in AGEd Patients affected with Alzheimer's Disease: the MEMAGE study.

Background: Combined therapy of memantine and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (AChEIs) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) may be associated with higher benefits than either monotherapy.

Objective: This retrospective multicentric study conducted in seven Italian Ambulatory Centers for Dementia assessed the efficacy and safety of memantine 20 mg/day administered for 6 months in addition to an AChEI in AD patients with worsened cognitive functions and behavioral disorders.

Methods: A total number of 240 patients (61.

Effectiveness and safety of citicoline in mild vascular cognitive impairment: the IDEALE study.

Background: The studio di intervento nel decadimento vascolare lieve (IDEALE study) was an open multicenter Italian study, the aim of which was to assess the effectiveness and safety of oral citicoline in elderly people with mild vascular cognitive impairment.

Methods: The study was performed in 349 patients. The active or citicoline group was composed of 265 patients and included 122 men and 143 women of mean age 79.

Social environment affects acquisition and color of structural nuptial plumage in a sexually dimorphic tropical passerine.

Structural colors result from the physical interaction of light with organic materials of differing refractive indexes organized at nanoscale dimensions to produce significant interference effects. Because color properties emerge from these finely organized nanostructures, the production of structural coloration could respond to environmental factors and be developmentally more plastic than expected, functioning as an indicator of individual quality. However, there are many unknown factors concerning the function and mechanisms regulating structural coloration, especially relative to social environment.

Retrospective and observational study to assess the efficacy of citicoline in elderly patients suffering from stupor related to complex geriatric syndrome.

A significant percentage of elderly subjects (50%-80%) suffering from sub-acute ischemic cerebrovascular disease, with or without moderate or severe cognitive memory decline and with or without associated behavioral and psychological symptoms, shows a complex syndrome. This syndrome is related to the progressive impairment of health conditions and/or stressing events (ie, hospitalization), characterized by confusion and/or stupor, which are consequently difficult to manage and require a great deal of care. Geriatric patients often suffer from multiple chronic illnesses, may take numerous medications daily, exhibit clinical instability, and may experience worsening of medical conditions following cerebral ischemic events and thus have an increased risk of disability and mortality.

Brugada syndrome (BS) and syncope: a complex therapeutic issue.

A 66 year-old man was brought to the emergency room (ER) for syncope and sphincter incontinence; syncope duration was about 15 min. Similar short duration episodes had been referred by his relatives during the last months, following small traumas; no seizures had been registered. Patient told he was affected with BS, having already been diagnosed 5 years before, after performing an electrocardiogram (ECG) highly suggestive for it.

Social environment affects testosterone level in captive male blue-black grassquits.

The challenge hypothesis proposes that testosterone (T) elevation above what is needed for breeding is associated with social factors, and males possibly modulate their hormonal response to variations in population density and sex ratio. We investigated the role of social environment in altering testosterone levels and aggression in a tropical, seasonally breeding grassquit (Volatinia jacarina). We exposed males to three social conditions during 1 year: all-males treatment (six males), mixed treatment (three males-three females), and paired treatment (one male-one female).