Miniterm, a Novel Virtual Sensor for Predictive Maintenance for the Industry 4.0 Era.

This article introduces a novel virtual sensor for predictive maintenance called mini-term. A mini-term can be defined as the time it takes for a part of the machine to do its job. Being a technical sub-cycle time, its function has been linked to production.

Chitosan Increases Tomato Root Colonization by and Their Combination Reduces Root-Knot Nematode Damage.

The use of biological control agents could be a non-chemical alternative for management of spp. [root-knot nematodes (RKN)], the most damaging plant-parasitic nematodes for horticultural crops worldwide. is a fungal parasite of RKN eggs that can colonize endophytically roots of several cultivated plant species, but in field applications the fungus shows a low persistence and efficiency in RKN management.

Characterization of Phytophthora nicotianae isolates in southeast Spain and their detection and quantification through a real-time TaqMan PCR.

Background: The soil-borne pathogens Phytophthora nicotianae and P. capsici are the causal agents of root and stem rot of many plant species. Although P.

Solarization and biosolarization using organic wastes for the bioremediation of soil polluted with terbuthylazine and linuron residues.

Strategies for remediation of polluted soils are needed to accelerate the degradation and natural attenuation of pesticides. This study was conducted to assess the effect of solarization (S) and biosolarization (BS) during the summer season using organic wastes (composted sheep manure and sugar beet vinasse) for the bioremediation of soil containing residues of terbuthylazine and linuron. The results showed that both S and BS enhanced herbicide dissipation rates compared with the non-disinfected control, an effect which was attributed to the increased soil temperature and organic matter.

Effect of biofumigation with manure amendments and repeated biosolarization on Fusarium densities in pepper crops.

In the region of Murcia (southeast Spain), sweet pepper has been grown as a monoculture in greenhouses for many years. Until 2005, when it was banned, soils were disinfested with methyl bromide (MB) to control pathogens and to prevent soil fatigue effects. The genus Fusarium plays an important role in the microbiological component associated with yield decline in pepper monocultures.

Enhanced dissipation of oxyfluorfen, ethalfluralin, trifluralin, propyzamide, and pendimethalin in soil by solarization and biosolarization.

This study was conducted to assess the effects of solarization and biosolarization on the degradation of oxyfluorfen, ethalfluralin, trifluralin, propyzamide, and pendimethalin. The experimental design consisted of 17 L pots filled with clay-loam soil, which were contaminated with the studied herbicides. Then, soil disinfection treatments were applied during the summer season, including a control without disinfection (C), solarization (S), and biosolarization (BS).

Impact of the zoophytophagous plant bug Nesidiocoris tenuis (Heteroptera: Miridae) on tomato yield.

Nesidiocoris tenuis Reuter (Heteroptera: Miridae) is one of the most controversial dicyphines because of the injuries it causes to tomato (Solanum esculentum) crops. The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of N. tenuis on fruit yield.

Impact of biofumigation with solarization on degradation of pesticides and heavy metal accumulation.

A greenhouse study was conducted to evaluate the effect of biofumigation (with sheep and chicken manure) combined with solarization on the dissipation of pesticides (pyrifenox, DDT and dieldrin), and on soil metals accumulation. The treatments consisted of a control, and soil disinfestations by biofumigation combined with solarization (B+S) for two, four, five, six consecutive years. B+S enhanced the dissipation of pyrifenox with regard to control treatment.

Thresholds and management strategies for Aulacorthum solani (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse pepper.

Economic injury level (EIL) and economic threshold (ET) were established for Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse pepper, Capsicum annuum L. The high toxicity of the salivary secretion of A. solani produces deformation and decoloration of leaves, complete plant defoliation, and unmarketable deformed fruits at high densities.

Use of pepper crop residues for the control of root-knot nematodes.

The biofumigant effect of pepper crop residues (PCR) for controlling Meloidogyne incognita populations was evaluated. Under laboratory conditions, 0, 5, 10 and 20 g PCR were applied to 500 g nematode infested soil, with four replicates per treatment. After 20 days at 25 degrees C, PCR reduced significantly M.

First Report of Blue Mold or Downy Mildew of Pepper from Nurseries in Southeastern Spain.

During October and November 2001, four nurseries reported severe losses in production of pepper seedlings (Capsicum annuum). Plants were affected with the following symptoms: chlorotic spots on upper leaf surfaces along with a dark brown felt and violet reflections on the undersurface of leaves. Spots became necrotic and expanded to include almost the entire blade prompting defoliation that made the plants worthless.

Complete sequence of the Pepino mosaic virus RNA genome.

We have determined the complete nucleotide sequence (Accession No. AF484251) of the Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) RNA genome. PepMV is the etiological agent of a new disease which affects tomato crops in Europe and North America.

Insecticide resistance in field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in Murcia (south-east Spain).

Thirty-nine field populations of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) were collected from different crops (sweet pepper, tomato, lettuce, artichoke, melon, cucumber, carnation, broad bean, peach and plum) in Murcia (south-east Spain). All populations were reared separately in the laboratory to obtain enough individuals for bioassays. Female thrips were bioassayed, using a standard topical application method, against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanate.

Field and laboratory selection of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) for resistance to insecticides.

Response of western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande), to selection for resistance to insecticides commonly used to control this pest in Murcia (south-east Spain) was studied under field and laboratory conditions. In the field, plots within sweet pepper crops in commercial and experimental greenhouses were treated under different selection strategies: insecticide rotation versus formetanate reiteration, formetanate reiteration versus acrinathrin reiteration, and formetanate reiteration versus methiocarb reiteration. Thrips populations were sampled monthly and bioassayed against methiocarb, methamidophos, acrinathrin, endosulfan, deltamethrin and formetanate.

Modelling population dynamics of Orius laevigatus and O. albidipennis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to optimize their use as biological control agents of Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae).

ORIUS LAEVIGATUS: (Fieber) and O. albidipennis (Reuter) play an important role in the control of Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) in crops and natural vegetation in the Mediterranean area. The biological parameters of the two anthocorids were studied and modelled in relation to temperature to optimize their use in thrips control programmes.

First Report of Pepino mosaic virus on Natural Hosts.

Pepino mosaic virus (PepMV) is a potexvirus recently identified as the causal agent of a new disease occurring in protected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crops in the Netherlands (2). PepMV has been subsequently identified in England, Germany, Italy, Morocco, Portugal, and Spain.

First Report of Pepino mosaic virus on Tomato in Spain.

At the beginning of 2000, a damaging disease developed on protected tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops grown in polyethylene greenhouses in different regions of Spain. Production losses were estimated at 15 to 80%. The tomato plants showed a variety of symptoms.

Current Status and New Natural Hosts of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) in Spain.

Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) is a major constraint to tomato production in Spain. This virus was observed for the first time in several tomato fields in Murcia (Spain) in the autumn of 1992 and Canary Islands in 1999. Currently the virus is prevalent along the Mediterranean coast of Spain (provinces of Málaga, Granada, Almería, Murcia, Alicante, Valencia, and Barcelona) and in the Canary Islands.

Spread of Tomato yellow leaf curl virus Sar from the Mediterranean Basin: Presence in the Canary Islands and Morocco.

Severe outbreaks of tomato yellow leaf curl disease occurred during summer and autumn 1999 in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) crops in the Vecindario Region of Gran Canaria (Canary Islands, Spain) and Agadir (southwestern Atlantic coast of Morocco). Symptoms of the disease included upward curling of leaflet margins, reduction of leaflet area, and yellowing of young leaves, as well as stunting and flower abortion.

New Natural Hosts of Tomato spotted wilt virus.

Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) has caused epidemics in recent years in many crops throughout the Mediterranean Region. Tomato, pepper, and lettuce are the crops most affected in Spain. To determine the reservoir hosts for the virus in the area, 210 samples from 95 species of plants were collected and tested for TSWV by double-antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with commercial antisera (Loewe Biochemica, Germany: BR-01, serogroup I or TSWV-L).

[Validity of a score of clinical parameters as a screening method in acute bacterial diarrhea in childhood].

We report a prospective study of the cases of acute diarrhea admitted to our pediatric service during one year (n = 172) to elaborate a screening method to identify patients with bacterial diarrhea. A bacterial causative organism was identified in 31.4%.

[Familial childhood cortical hyperostosis].

We present three cases of Caffey's disease, which have been observed in a family and a previous one former generation of the same family. A review of the literature upon family cases is carried out (35 families with 143 patients) prevailing the hypothesis of the type of autosomal dominant trait with incomplete penetrance and variable expressivity. HLA system is studied in such a family without common haplotypes being found and therefore the trait does not seem to be linked to genes of this system.

[Visceral and cutaneous leishmaniasis in Huesca. Epidemiologic aspects].

The authors present a study of twelve children affected with leishmaniasis, observed in the province of Huesca (Spain). Three of the patients presented visceral form and the other nine cutaneous form. The clinical, evolutive and therapeutic aspects of this disease are analyzed, with special reference to the epidemiological aspects, since the incidence has been found to be high in an area in which the disease is not considered endemic.

[Mucolipidosis III. Apropos of a case].

Authors present a case of mucolipidosis III diagnosed in a boy suffering from articular retractions, platyspondylia and a normal mucolysacchariduria. Biochemical characteristics of the lisosomial enzyme, reduced in fibroblasts in culture and increased in biological fluids allow such diagnose. Primary enzyme lack being not yet explained, authors comment upon the hypothesis trying to explain biochemical findings.