Providing very low-birth-weight infants with fast enteral feeding reduced how long they needed a central venous catheter.

Aim: To determine the impact of the protocol change from slow to fast enteral feeding progression on duration of central venous catheter placement, and the rates of late-onset sepsis and necrotising enterocolitis.

Methods: We compared the evolution of all very low-birth-weight infants admitted on their first postnatal day in neonatal intensive care unit during a 12-month period, before (2021 Cohort) and after (2022 Cohort) implementation of a new feeding protocol. Linear regression model was used to adjust for confounding factors.

Screening of 152 Veterinary Drug Residues in Animal Source Foods by LC-MS/MS, Multilaboratory Validation Study: Final Action 2020.04.

Background: The presence of veterinary drug residues in food-producing animals and animal products is regulated through the enforcement of maximum residue limits (MRLs). To answer the need of the food sector to monitor these substances in a wide range of food commodities, stakeholders at AOAC INTERNATIONAL identified the need for a reliable confirmatory screening method. Such a qualitative approach is required for compliance checking and to support product release in manufacturing.

Modeling of Integrated Hollow-Fiber Solar-Powered VMD Modules for Desalination for a Better Understanding and Management of Heat Flows.

The direct integration of membrane distillation and solar energy collection in a single module is a promising technology for autonomous seawater desalination in remote regions; however, the modeling and design of such modules are challenging because of the coupling of the radial and longitudinal heat and mass transfers. In a previous study, we provided as a first modeling approach a hollow fiber solar collector vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) module, considering a constant temperature at the shell side and a pure water feed. Here, a full model is developed to describe the coupled effects of the solar collector and a hollow fiber VMD module operating in an outside/in mode with saline water.

Confirmation of the full conversion of ethylene oxide to 2-chloroethanol in fumigated foodstuffs: possible implications for risk assessment.

This study describes the extension of a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) method, initially devoted to the analysis of ethylene oxide (EO) in ice cream, to a larger range of food items including herbs, spices, vegetables, inorganic salts, food supplements, thickeners, etc. Results are reported as EO according to EC 2015/868 definition (expressed as EO equivalents as the sum of native EO and 2-chloroethanol (2-CE) after acidic hydrolysis) with a limit of quantification at 0.01 mg/kg regardless of the food item.

Impact of a nurse education programme on oral feeding in a neonatal unit.

Background: Premature neonates often experience feeding difficulties during their hospital stay, and evidence-based interventions have been shown to improve feeding outcomes.

Aim: This study investigated whether an infant-cue based nurse educational feeding bundle accelerates the achievement of independent oral feeding in neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Study Design: A quality improvement study with a pre, during and post intervention test design.

A Positive Impact of an Observational Study on Breastfeeding Rates in Two Neonatal Intensive Care Units.

We aimed to investigate whether the participation in an observational study on breastfeeding (Doal) modified breastfeeding outcomes in enrolling neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This bi-centric before-and-after study included neonates who were admitted during a 4-month period before and a 4-month period after the implementation of Doal. Breastfeeding intention and breastfeeding rates at discharge were compared between the two periods.

Traces of 2-phenylphenol in roasted coffee are not related to agrochemical residue in green coffee beans, but to generation during roasting.

Traces of the phytosanitary agent 2-phenylphenol in roasted coffee are not necessarily related to residues of agrochemicals. This study shows that roasting of coffee generates 2-phenylphenol at low level. Green coffee samples (approx.

Breastfeeding peer counselling for mothers of preterm neonates: protocol of a stepped-wedge cluster randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Among preterm infants, mother's own milk feeding reduces neonatal morbidity and decreases the length of hospital stay. However, breastfeeding rates and duration are lower than among term infants. It is reported that peer counselling is effective in increasing breast feeding in term infants in low-income and middle-income countries, but results are mixed in high-income countries.

Early Use of Mother's Own Raw Milk, Maternal Satisfaction, and Breastfeeding Continuation in Hospitalised Neonates: A Prospective Cohort Study.

Background: Despite the critical importance of breast milk for preterm and sick neonates, there is no consensus regarding the use of raw mother's own milk (MOM) in neonatal units.

Objectives: This study aimed to describe the use of raw MOM in hospitalised neonates before day 7 (early use), and to investigate: (i) related factors, (ii) maternal satisfaction, and (iii) the association with breastfeeding continuation.

Methods: This prospective cohort included 516 neonates intended to be breastfed in 2 French neonatal units.

[Neonatal intoxication to vitamin D in premature babies: A series of 16 cases].

Introduction: Preterm neonates are particularly at risk of vitamin D (25-D) deficiency. To prevent rickets and osteopenia in this population, international guidelines vary between 800 and 1000IU per day of vitamin D in Europe and recommend 400IU per day in the USA. Target levels of circulating 25-D are not well identified, with the lower target level 50-75nmol/L and the upper target level probably 120nmol/L.

A new analytical protocol for the determination of 62 endocrine-disrupting compounds in indoor air.

The objective of this study was to develop and validate a new analytical protocol for simultaneous determination of 62 semi-volatile organic compounds in both phases of indoor air. Studied compounds belong to several families: polybrominated diphenyl ethers, polychlorinated biphenyls, hexachlorobenzene, pentachlorobenzene, phthalates, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, parabens, tetrabromobisphenol A, bisphenol A, hexabromocyclododecane, triclosan, alkylphenols, alkylphenol ethoxylates, synthetic musks (galaxolide and tonalide) and pesticides (lindane and cypermethrin). A medium volume sampling system was used to collect simultaneously these endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) from the gaseous and particulate phases.

Shielding Parenteral Nutrition From Light Improves Survival Rate in Premature Infants.

Background: Intravenous nutrition preparations that are not photoprotected generate oxidants, which are deleterious for cell survival. The question remains: are these observations of clinical relevance in individuals receiving parenteral nutrition (PN), especially in those who exhibit immature antioxidant defenses such as premature infants?

Objective: To review clinical trials reporting the effect of light-exposed vs light-protected PN to determine whether photoprotection reduces neonatal mortality in preterm infants.

Data Source: Electronic databases, abstracts in relevant journals, and references in manuscripts between 1980 and 2014.

Low phosphatemia in extremely low birth weight neonates: A risk factor for hyperglycemia?

Background & Aims: Hyperglycemia occurs in more than half of the extremely low birth weight (ELBW) neonates during the first weeks of life, and is correlated with an increased risk of morbi-mortality. Hypophosphatemia is another frequent metabolic disorder in this population. Data from animal, adult studies and clinical observation suggest that hypophosphatemia could induce glucose intolerance.

Shielding Parenteral Nutrition Solutions From Light: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Introduction: Oxidant stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). Light induces peroxide generation in parenteral nutrition (PN) solutions, creating an oxidant stress. Shielding PN from light decreases its peroxide content, which has nutrition and biochemical benefits in animals and humans.

A new method for permeability measurement of hydrophobic membranes in Vacuum Membrane Distillation process.

In this paper, a new method for permeability measurement of hydrophobic membranes used in Vacuum Membrane Distillation, instead of common measurement methods, was proposed. As VMD is a pressure and temperature driven process, the idea of this work is to propose a new water vapour permeability measurement method based on variation of feed temperature at a fixed vacuum pressure. This new method showed a greater stability and simplicity than the existing pressure variation method by not only allowing a wide range of feed temperature (25 °C ÷ 60 °C) to be scanned continuously, but also avoiding fluctuations of the system as observed in the pressure variation test.

[Issues surrounding the breastfeeding of hospitalized newborns].

The nutritional and physiological qualities of breast milk make it the best food for newborns, favouring their wellbeing and growth. The implementation of a programme encouraging the breastfeeding of hospitalised newborns in care departments requires specific methods of organisation, as well as constant and adapted support from health professionals.

Adsorption combined with ultrafiltration to remove organic matter from seawater.

Organic fouling and biofouling are the major severe types of fouling of reverse osmosis (RO) membranes in seawater (SW) desalination. Low pressure membrane filtration such as ultrafiltration (UF) has been developed as a pre-treatment before reverse osmosis. However, UF alone may not be an effective enough pre-treatment because of the existence of low-molecular weight dissolved organic matter in seawater.

Study on performance of ultrafiltration membrane-based pretreatment for application to seawater reverse osmosis desalination.

The objective of the work was to study at lab-scale the efficiency of hybrid process- coupling powdered activated carbon (PAC) adsorption or FeCl(3) coagulation and UF- for marine organic matter removal. Regenerated cellulose membrane with 30 kDa and actual seawater from Mediterranean Sea were used. The coagulant was FeCl(3) and adsorbents were two PAC types, with different surface area and pore size distribution.

Vacuum membrane distillation of seawater reverse osmosis brines.

Seawater desalination by Reverse Osmosis (RO) is an interesting solution for drinking water production. However, because of limitation by the osmotic pressure, a high recovery factor is not attainable. Consequently, large volumes of brines are discharged into the sea and the flow rate produced (permeate) is limited.

Outcome and prognostic factors in neonates with septic shock.

Objective: Few accurate data are available on the outcome of septic shock in the neonatal period. The objective was to describe outcome and to determine variables associated with death or adverse outcome in neonates with septic shock.

Design: Retrospective cohort study.

Lipid peroxidation assessment by malondialdehyde measurement in parenteral nutrition solutions for newborn infants: a pilot study.

Aim: To determine malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations in parenteral nutrition admixtures exposed to ambient room light, and in the serum of neonates.

Methods: Using a new method to measure MDA specifically, this study analysed MDA of lipid-containing all-in-one admixtures provided by the pharmacy, with a composition identical to that used in routine clinical conditions. First, 12 admixtures were exposed to ambient light for 24 h, in the neonatal intensive care unit.