Computational fluid dynamics of bladder voiding using 3D dynamic MRI.

Over the last couple of decades, image-based computational fluid dynamics (CFD) has revolutionized cardiovascular research by uncovering hidden features of wall strain, impact of vortices, and its use in treatment planning, as examples, that were simply not evident in the gold-standard catheterization studies done previously. In the work presented here, we have applied magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based CFD to study bladder voiding and to demonstrate the feasibility and potential of this approach. We used 3D dynamic MRI to image the bladder and urethra during voiding.

Enhanced 4D Flow MRI-Based CFD with Adaptive Mesh Refinement for Flow Dynamics Assessment in Coarctation of the Aorta.

4D Flow MRI is a diagnostic tool that can visualize and quantify patient-specific hemodynamics and help interventionalists optimize treatment strategies for repairing coarctation of the aorta (COA). Despite recent developments in 4D Flow MRI, shortcomings include phase-offset errors, limited spatiotemporal resolution, aliasing, inaccuracies due to slow aneurysmal flows, and distortion of images due to metallic artifact from vascular stents. To address these limitations, we developed a framework utilizing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) with Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) that enhances 4D Flow MRI visualization/quantification.