Salinity represents a considerable environmental risk, exerting deleterious effects on horticultural crops. Nanotechnology has recently emerged as a promising avenue for enhancing plant tolerance to abiotic stress. Among nanoparticles, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) have been demonstrated to mitigate certain stress effects, including salinity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The use of neoadjuvant therapy (NAT) in distal cholangiocarcinoma (dCCA) with regional arterial or extensive venous involvement, is not widely accepted and evidence is sparse.
Aim: To synthesise evidence on NAT for dCCA and present the experience of a high-volume tertiary-centre managing dCCA with arterial involvement.
Methods: A systematic review was performed according to PRISMA guidance to identify all studies reporting outcomes of patients with dCCA who received NAT.
Surgery is a carbon-heavy activity and creates a high volume of waste. Surgical teams around the world want to deliver more environmentally sustainable surgery but are unsure what to do and how to create change. There are many interventions available, but resources and time are limited.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackgrounds/aims: After pancreatoduodenectomy (PD), an early oral diet is recommended; however, the postoperative nutritional management of PD patients is known to be highly variable, with some centers still routinely providing parenteral nutrition (PN). Some patients who receive PN experience clinically significant complications, underscoring its judicious use. Using a large cohort, this study aimed to determine the proportion of PD patients who received postoperative nutritional support (NS), describe the nature of this support, and investigate whether receiving PN correlated with adverse perioperative outcomes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is associated with significant postoperative morbidity. Surgeons should have a sound understanding of the potential complications for consenting and benchmarking purposes. Furthermore, preoperative identification of high-risk patients can guide patient selection and potentially allow for targeted prehabilitation and/or individualized treatment regimens.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackgrounds/aims: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is recommended in fit patients with a carcinoma (PDAC) of the pancreatic head, and a delayed resection may affect survival. This study aimed to correlate the time from staging to PD with long-term survival, and study the impact of preoperative investigations (if any) on the timing of surgery.
Methods: Data were extracted from the Recurrence After Whipple's (RAW) study, a multicentre retrospective study of PD outcomes.
The pH-sensitive and magnetic-triggered release ensures the effective delivery of drugs. Chitosan carries amine pendants that encourage the fabrication of pH-responsive carriers. Montmorillonite (MMt), an attractive nano-clay in drug delivery possessing high encapsulation properties, was magnetized through the co-precipitation of Fe/Fe ions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) can prolong overall survival (OS) after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, fitness for AC may be influenced by postoperative recovery. We aimed to investigate if serious (Clavien-Dindo grade ≥ IIIa) postoperative complications affected AC rates, disease recurrence and OS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: After excluding anaesthetic gases, around one-third of carbon emissions from surgical procedures are from consumables. This sustainable quality improvement project revised the laparoscopic appendicectomy surgical set at a large teaching hospital, with the aim of reducing unnecessary usage of disposable laparoscopic ports and surgical instruments.
Methods: A prospective audit of 25 consecutive laparoscopic appendicectomies (5% of annual appendicectomies performed at the Trust) was conducted to assess use of disposable instruments.
Over 80% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are diagnosed at a late stage and are locally advanced or with concurrent metastases. The aggressive phenotype and relative chemo- and radiotherapeutic resistance of PDAC is thought to be mediated largely by its prominent stroma, which is supported by an extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, we investigated the impact of tissue-matched human ECM in driving PDAC and the role of the ECM in promoting chemotherapy resistance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh soil salinity represents a critical environmental constraint to crop production. In order to ameliorate the effects of salinity, a plethora of molecules have been applied and promising outcomes have been noted. The beneficial effects of chitosan (CTS) and melatonin (Mel) application, separately, have been previously recorded with respect to plant growth and productivity, leading to the hypothesis that their conjugation in the form of chitosan-melatonin nanoparticles (CTS-HPMC-Mel NPs) could lead to further enhanced performance of plants under control and stress conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg
February 2023
Backgrounds/aims: The aim of this study was to describe short- and long-term outcomes of patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) at a typical United Kingdom hepatopancreatobiliary unit.
Methods: A retrospective analysis of all PD patients with histologically-confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), ampullary adenocarcinoma (AA), or distal cholangiocarcinoma (CC) from September 1st, 2006 to May 31st, 2015 was carried out. The following information was obtained: demographics, comorbidities, preoperative investigations, neoadjuvant treatment, operative details, postoperative management, complications, adjuvant treatment, five-year recurrence, and five-year survival.
Introduction: Patients who suffer a serious complication of pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) may have their adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) delayed or omitted as a result. We aimed to investigate whether PD complications affected AC rates.
Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis of all PD patients with histologically-confirmed pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (2006-2015) was performed; 90-day mortality patients were excluded.
Aim: Young colorectal cancer (CRC) patients are reported to have more aggressive disease, an advanced stage at diagnosis and conflicting survival outcomes. The aim of this study was to analyse the demographics, clinicopathological features and prognosis of young CRC at a population-based level in England.
Method: This is a retrospective review of all CRC patients using data from Public Health England collated from regional cancer registries in England between 2010 and 2014.
Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate associations between mode of presentation; categorized as emergency, suspected cancer outpatient referral pathway (2-week wait or 2WW pathway), non-cancer suspected outpatient referral (non-2-week wait pathway) or following screening, and stage of diagnosis and survival in patients with colorectal cancer in England.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort observational study of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer between January 2010 and December 2014 in England using data from Public Health England collated from regional cancer registries.
Results: The most common route to diagnosis among 167,501 patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer was via the non-cancer suspect (non-2WW) outpatient referral pathway (35.
The production and sustainability of grape berries with high quality and health-promoting properties is a major goal. In this regard, nano-engineered materials are being used for improving the quality and marketability of berries. In this study, we investigated the potential role of chitosan-phenylalanine nanocomposites (CS-Phe NCs) in improving the quality of Flame Seedless ( L.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 49-year-old man presented with a 1-week history of abdominal pain, distension, diarrhoea and fatigue. CT of the abdomen and pelvis revealed peritonitis with no identifiable cause. Diagnostic laparoscopy was performed, which excluded gastrointestinal perforation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a potential contrast agent for fluorescence-guided surgery in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, factors influencing ALA uptake in PDAC have not been adequately assessed. We investigated ALA-induced porphyrin fluorescence in PDAC cell lines CFPAC-1 and PANC-1 and pancreatic ductal cell line H6c7 following incubation with 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Current surveillance strategies for duodenal adenomatosis in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) miss malignancies and underestimate cancer risk in ampullary disease. This study aimed to evaluate the utility of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) in the assessment of FAP patients with duodenal and/or ampullary polyposis referred for surgical intervention.
Design: A retrospective analysis of FAP patients undergoing index EUS between December 2006 and May 2015 was performed.