Immediate Correction of Idiopathic Scoliosis With Nighttime Braces Created by a Fully Automated Generative Design Algorithm: A Randomized Controlled Crossover Trial.

Study Design: Single-center, double-blinded, prospective crossover randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To clinically validate the efficacy of nighttime braces designed automatically by a generative design algorithm to treat idiopathic scoliosis (IS). The tested hypothesis was the clinical equivalence of immediate in-brace correction for the new automatically generated brace design versus a standard Providence-type brace.

A classification algorithm for prioritizing surgery in Pediatric patients with idiopathic scoliosis when Long Surgical delays are expected.

Purpose: To identify the clinical phenotypes associated with the rate of progression while waiting for surgery and propose a classification scheme for identifying subgroups of patients to prioritize for surgery when long surgical delays are expected.

Methods: We reviewed the clinical and radiographic data of a prospective cohort of patients scheduled for IS surgery from 2004 to 2020 with a minimum 1-year wait prior to surgery. Candidate predictors consisted of age, sex, Risser sign, menarchal status, angle of trunk rotation, scoliotic curve type, and main Cobb angle at baseline when scheduled for surgery.

COVID-19 significantly impacted initial consultation for idiopathic scoliosis.

Introduction: Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, reduction of social activities and rapid adoption of telemedicine, decreasing face-to-face encounters seems to have negatively affected the timely Idiopathic Scoliosis (IS) referral with a spine specialist. We aim to document the progression of IS curves during COVID-19 pandemic reflected by the late presentation of patients at the initial visit with higher Cobb angles and to evaluate its influence on health-related quality of life scores.

Materials And Methods: All IS patients scheduled for surgery between April 2019 and September 2021 were recruited in a prospective cohort study.

Automated design of nighttime braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis with global shape optimization using a patient-specific finite element model.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is a complex three-dimensional deformity of the spine, the moderate forms of which require treatment with an orthopedic brace. Existing brace design approaches rely mainly on empirical manual processes, vary considerably depending on the training and expertise of the orthotist, and do not always guarantee biomechanical effectiveness. To address these issues, we propose a new automated design method for creating bespoke nighttime braces requiring virtually no user input in the process.

Optimized braces for the treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A study protocol of a prospective randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a 3D deformity of the spine that affects 3% of the adolescent population. Conservative treatments like bracing aim to halt the progression of the curve to the surgical threshold. Computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM) methods for brace design and manufacturing are becoming increasingly used.

Automatic assessment of scoliosis surgery outcome on trunk shape using left-right trunk asymmetry.

Purpose: To present a novel set of Left-Right Trunk Asymmetry (LRTA) indices and use them to assess the postoperative appearance of the trunk in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) patients.

Methods: We hypothesize that LRTA measurements provide complementary information to existing trunk asymmetry indices when documenting the outcome of scoliosis surgery. Forty-nine AIS patients with thoracic curves who underwent posterior spinal fusion were included.

The Effect of Implant Density on Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis Fusion: Results of the Minimize Implants Maximize Outcomes Randomized Clinical Trial.

Background: Severe adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) can be treated with instrumented fusion, but the number of anchors needed for optimal correction is controversial.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, randomized study that included patients undergoing spinal fusion for single thoracic curves between 45° and 65°, the most common form of operatively treated AIS. Of the 211 patients randomized, 108 were assigned to a high-density screw pattern and 103, to a low-density screw pattern.

Pre-operative parameters influencing vertebral body tethering outcomes: patient's characteristics play an important role in determining the outcomes at a minimum of 2 years post-op.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine preoperative predictors of good radiographic outcomes in VBT patients at a minimum 2-year follow-up.

Methods: From a single-center dataset, we reviewed patients who underwent VBT from January 2014 to November 2018. Data analysis included age, gender, Risser grade and biometric data.

A Surgical Treatment Algorithm for Restoring Pelvic Balance and Health-related Quality of Life in High-grade Lumbosacral Spondylolisthesis: Prospective Multicenter Cohort of 61 Young Patients.

Study Design: Retrospective multicenter cohort-study.

Objective: We propose an evidence-based surgical algorithm for achieving normal pelvic balance while optimizing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in high-grade spondylolisthesis.

Summary Of Background Data: The principles of surgical treatment for young patients with high-grade L5-S1 spondylolisthesis remain unclear.

Is quality of life after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis affected by the presence of a concomitant low-grade isthmic spondylolisthesis non-surgically treated? A retrospective cohort study.

Purpose: The HRQoL after surgery for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) is not affected by the presence of concomitant isthmic spondylolisthesis non-surgically treated. Improvement in QoL after surgery was similar for AIS patients with and without concomitant spondylolisthesis. The purpose is to compare preoperative and postoperative Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) scores in operated AIS patients with and without concomitant isthmic spondylolisthesis.

Parents can reliably and accurately detect trunk asymmetry using an inclinometer smartphone app.

Purpose: An inclinometer smartphone application has been developed to enable the measurement of the angle of trunk inclination (ATI) to detect trunk surface asymmetry. The objective was to determine the reliability and validity of the smartphone app in the hands of non-professionals.

Methods: Three non-professional observers and one expert surgeon measured maximum ATI twice in a study involving 69 patients seen in the spine clinics to rule out scoliosis or for regular follow-up (10-18 y.

A Dangerous Curve: Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Brace Treatment in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Study Design: Observational Cohort study.

Objectives: We aim to document the abandon and irregular compliance rate towards brace treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on AIS progression.

Methods: We reviewed a database of AIS patients recruited between March and September 2020.

Development of a model of interprofessional support interventions to enhance brace adherence in adolescents with idiopathic scoliosis: a qualitative study.

Purpose: Brace treatment for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis is recognized as effective if the brace is worn as prescribed (20 to 23 hrs/day). Because of its negative biopsychosocial impact on adolescent patients' quality of life, brace adherence is a common problem (average bracewear of 12 hrs/day). The purpose of this paper is to develop an interprofessional support intervention model to enhance brace adherence in adolescents with scoliosis.

Biomechanical Effects of Thoracolumbosacral Orthosis Design Features on 3D Correction in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: A Comprehensive Multicenter Study.

Study Design: Multicenter numerical study.

Objective: To biomechanically analyze and compare various passive correction features of braces, designed by several centers with diverse practices, for three-dimensional (3D) correction of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Summary Of Background Data: A wide variety of brace designs exist, but their biomechanical effectiveness is not clearly understood.

The classification of scoliosis braces developed by SOSORT with SRS, ISPO, and POSNA and approved by ESPRM.

Purpose: Studies have shown that bracing is an effective treatment for patients with idiopathic scoliosis. According to the current classification, almost all braces fall in the thoracolumbosacral orthosis (TLSO) category. Consequently, the generalization of scientific results is either impossible or misleading.

3D Radiological Outcomes and Quality of Life of Patients With Moderate Idiopathic Scoliosis Treated With Anterior Vertebral Growth Modulation Versus Bracing: Two-Year Follow-up.

Study Design: Observational cohort study.

Objective: To test the hypothesis that anterior vertebral body growth modulation (AVBGM) achieves 3D deformity correction after 2-year follow-up while brace treatment limits curve progression for moderate idiopathic scoliosis (30-50°).

Summary Of Background Data: For idiopathic scoliosis, bracing and AVBGM have overlapping indications in skeletally immature patients with moderate scoliosis curve angles, creating a grey zone in clinical practice between them.

Automatic bone maturity grading from EOS radiographs in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a deformation of the spine and it is routinely diagnosed using posteroanterior and lateral radiographs. The Risser sign used in skeletal maturity assessment is commonly accepted in AIS patient's management. However, the Risser sign is subject to inter-observer variability and it relies mainly on the observation of ossification on the iliac crests.

The impact of immediate in-brace 3D corrections on curve evolution after two years of treatment: preliminary results.

For the brace treatment of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), in-brace correction and brace-wear compliance are well-documented parameters associated with a greater chance of treatment success. However, the number of studies on the impact of sagittal and transverse correction on curve evolution in the context of bracing is limited. The objective of this work was to evaluate how immediate inbrace correction in the three anatomical planes is related to long-term curve evolution after two years of bracing.

Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic Risser Stage Assessment.

Purpose: To develop an automatic method for the assessment of the Risser stage using deep learning that could be used in the management panel of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS).

Materials And Methods: In this institutional review board approved-study, a total of 1830 posteroanterior radiographs of patients with AIS (age range, 10-18 years, 70% female) were collected retrospectively and graded manually by six trained readers using the United States Risser staging system. Each radiograph was preprocessed and cropped to include the entire pelvic region.

3D reconstruction of the human trunk for designing personalized braces : Precision study.

The customized design of braces for adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) treatment requires the acquisition of the 3D external geometry of the patients' trunks. Three body scanning systems are available at CHU Sainte-Justine in Montreal: a fixed system of InSpeck Capturor II LF digitizers and two portable scanners, BodyScan and Structure Sensor. The aim of this study is to compare them by evaluating their accuracy and repeatability.

A freehand ultrasound framework for spine assessment in 3D: a preliminary study.

X-ray imaging is currently the gold standard for the assessment of spinal deformities. The purpose of this study is to evaluate a freehand 3D ultrasound system for volumetric reconstruction of the spine. A setup consisting of an ultrasound scanner with a linear transducer, an electromagnetic measuring system and a workstation was used.