The ornithine-N-oxygenase Sib2 interacts with the N-transacetylase Sib3 in the ferrichrome biosynthetic pathway.

The fission yeast produces the hydroxamate-type siderophore ferrichrome (Fc). The biosynthesis of Fc requires the Fc synthase Sib1, the ornithine-N-oxygenase Sib2, and the N-hydroxyornithine-N-transacetylase Sib3. In this study, we demonstrate the critical importance of the His residue of Sib3 in Fc production.

The flavohemoglobin Yhb1 is a new interacting partner of the heme transporter Str3.

Nitric oxide (˙NO) is a free radical that induces nitrosative stress, which can jeopardize cell viability. Yeasts have evolved diverse detoxification mechanisms to effectively counteract ˙NO-mediated cytotoxicity. One mechanism relies on the flavohemoglobin Yhb1, whereas a second one requires the S-nitrosoglutathione reductase Fmd2.

Iron homeostasis proteins Grx4 and Fra2 control activity of the Schizosaccharomyces pombe iron repressor Fep1 by facilitating [2Fe-2S] cluster removal.

The Bol2 homolog Fra2 and monothiol glutaredoxin Grx4 together play essential roles in regulating iron homeostasis in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. In vivo studies indicate that Grx4 and Fra2 act as coinhibitory partners that inactivate the transcriptional repressor Fep1 in response to iron deficiency. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Bol2 is known to form a [2Fe-2S]-bridged heterodimer with the monothiol Grxs Grx3 and Grx4, with the cluster ligands provided by conserved residues in Grx3/4 and Bol2 as well as GSH.

A novel role of the fission yeast sulfiredoxin Srx1 in heme acquisition.

The transporter Str3 promotes heme import in Schizosaccharomyces pombe cells that lack the heme receptor Shu1 and are deficient in heme biosynthesis. Under microaerobic conditions, the peroxiredoxin Tpx1 acts as a heme scavenger within the Str3-dependent pathway. Here, we show that Srx1, a sulfiredoxin known to interact with Tpx1, is essential for optimal growth in the presence of hemin.

Safety and efficacy of inhaled IBIO123 for mild-to-moderate COVID-19: a randomised, double-blind, dose-ascending, placebo-controlled, phase 1/2 trial.

Background: COVID-19 severity is associated with its respiratory manifestations. Neutralising antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 administered systemically have shown clinical efficacy. However, immediate and direct delivery of neutralising antibodies via inhalation might provide additional respiratory clinical benefits.

A Comparison of Primary Maxillary Incisor Zirconia and Composite Resin Strip Crowns: A One-year Feasibility Study.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare one-year clinical outcomes of primary incisor strip crowns (SCs) and zirconia crowns (ZCs) and determine the frequency of pulp therapy associated with each technique.

Methods: Children aged 18 to 48 months were randomly assigned to a ZC group or SC group. Each incisor was rated as intact (I), damaged (D), or requiring treatment (TR) six and 12 months following placement.

Sib1, Sib2, and Sib3 proteins are required for ferrichrome-mediated cross-feeding interaction between and .

Although is unable to produce siderophores, this fungal organism can assimilate iron bound to the hydroxamate-type siderophore ferrichrome (Fc) produced and secreted by other microbes. Fc can enter cells Arn1. Unlike , synthesizes and secretes Fc.

The complex lipid, SPPCT-800, reduces lung damage, improves pulmonary function and decreases pro-inflammatory cytokines in the murine LPS-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) model.

Context: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a highly fatal, inflammatory condition of lungs with multiple causes. There is no adequate treatment.

Objective: Using the murine LPS-induced ARDS model, we investigate SPPCT-800 (a complex lipid) as treatment for ARDS.

Assessing Physician's Motivational Communication Skills: 5-Step Mixed Methods Development Study of the Motivational Communication Competency Assessment Test.

Background: Training physicians to provide effective behavior change counseling using approaches such as motivational communication (MC) is an important aspect of noncommunicable chronic disease prevention and management. However, existing evaluation tools for MC skills are complex, invasive, time consuming, and impractical for use within the medical context.

Objective: The objective of this study is to develop and validate a short web-based tool for evaluating health care provider (HCP) skills in MC-the Motivational Communication Competency Assessment Test (MC-CAT).

Training Physicians in Motivational Communication to Address Influenza Vaccine Hesitation: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Background: Strategies to support health care professionals on how to address vaccine hesitancy are needed.

Methods: We developed a 4-h Motivational Communication (MC) training program tailored to help physicians address hesitancy related to influenza vaccination among patients living with rheumatoid arthritis. Five MC competencies were evaluated at baseline and post-training with a standardized patient using the Motivational Interviewing Treatment Integrity [MITI] scale.

Detection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its first variants in fourplex real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assays.

The early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infections is required to identify and isolate contagious patients to prevent further transmission of SARS-CoV-2. In this study, we present a multitarget real-time TaqMan reverse transcription PCR (rRT-PCR) assay for the quantitative detection of SARS-CoV-2 and some of its circulating variants harboring mutations that give the virus a selective advantage. Seven different primer-probe sets that included probes containing locked nucleic acid (LNA) nucleotides were designed to amplify specific wild-type and mutant sequences in Orf1ab, Envelope (E), Spike (S), and Nucleocapsid (N) genes.

Fission yeast RNA-binding proteins Puf2 and Puf4 are involved in repression of ferrireductase Frp1 expression in response to iron.

This study identifies a post-transcriptional mechanism of iron uptake regulation by Puf2 and Puf4 of the Pumilio and FBF (Puf) family of RNA-binding proteins in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Cells expressing Puf2 and Puf4 stimulate decay of the frp1 mRNA encoding a key enzyme of the reductive iron uptake pathway. Results consistently showed that frp1 mRNA is stabilized in puf2Δ puf4Δ mutant cells under iron-replete conditions.

Barriers and facilitators to influenza and pneumococcal vaccine hesitancy in rheumatoid arthritis: a qualitative study.

Objectives: Immunization is an essential component of RA care. Nevertheless, vaccine coverage in RA is suboptimal. Contextual, individual and vaccine-related factors influence vaccine acceptance.

Hemeprotein Tpx1 interacts with cell-surface heme transporter Str3 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Str3 is a transmembrane protein that mediates low-affinity heme uptake in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Under iron-limiting conditions, Str3 remains at the cell surface in the presence of increasing hemin concentrations. Using a proximity-dependent biotinylation approach coupled to mass spectrometry and coimmunoprecipitation assays, we report that the peroxiredoxin Tpx1 is a binding partner of Str3.

Understanding factors associated with vaccine uptake and vaccine hesitancy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a scoping literature review.

Due to higher risk of complications associated with vaccine-preventable infections (e.g., influenza, pneumococcus), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are a priority group for vaccination.

Nutrient-dependent control of RNA polymerase II elongation rate regulates specific gene expression programs by alternative polyadenylation.

Transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is a dynamic process with frequent variations in the elongation rate. However, the physiological relevance of variations in RNAPII elongation kinetics has remained unclear. Here we show in yeast that a RNAPII mutant that reduces the transcription elongation rate causes widespread changes in alternative polyadenylation (APA).

Machinery for fungal heme acquisition.

Iron is essential for nearly all aerobic organisms. One source of iron in nature is in the form of heme. Due to its critical physiological importance as a cofactor for several enzymes, organisms have evolved various means to secure heme for their needs.

Iron deficiency leads to repression of a non-canonical methionine salvage pathway in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

The methionine salvage pathway (MSP) regenerates methionine from 5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA). Aerobic MSP consists of six enzymatic steps. The mug14 and adi1 genes that are involved in the third and fifth steps of the pathway are repressed when Schizosaccharomyces pombe undergoes a transition from high- to low-iron conditions.

The Hepatokine TSK does not affect brown fat thermogenic capacity, body weight gain, and glucose homeostasis.

Objectives: Hepatokines are proteins secreted by the liver that impact the functions of the liver and various tissues through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine signaling. Recently, Tsukushi (TSK) was identified as a new hepatokine that is induced by obesity and cold exposure. It was proposed that TSK controls sympathetic innervation and thermogenesis in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and that loss of TSK protects against diet-induced obesity and improves glucose homeostasis.

Heme acquisition by Shu1 requires Nbr1 and proteins of the ESCRT complex in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.

Assimilation of heme is mediated by the cell surface protein Shu1 in Schizosaccharomyces pombe. Shu1 undergoes internalization from the cell surface to the vacuole in response to high concentrations of hemin. Here, we have identified cellular components that are involved in mediating vacuolar targeting of Shu1.

The hepatokine Tsukushi is released in response to NAFLD and impacts cholesterol homeostasis.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) prevails in obesity and is linked to several health complications including dyslipidemia and atherosclerosis. How exactly NAFLD induces atherogenic dyslipidemia to promote cardiovascular diseases is still elusive. Here, we identify Tsukushi (TSK) as a hepatokine induced in response to NAFLD.

Design and Characterization of Protein E-PilA, a Candidate Fusion Antigen for Nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae Vaccine.

Nontypeable (NTHi) is a pathogen known for being a frequent cause of acute otitis media in children and respiratory tract infections in adults with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the present study, a vaccine antigen based on the fusion of two known NTHi adhesive proteins, protein E (PE) and a pilin subunit (PilA), was developed. The quality of the combined antigen was investigated through functional, biophysical, and structural analyses.

Correction to: Interventions to improve vaccine acceptance among rheumatoid arthritis patients: a systematic review.

The original version of this article contained error. Table 1 was shown in the wrong version, thus corrected table is shown in this article.