Safety and accuracy of the computer interpretation of normal ECGs at triage.

Background: ECGs performed at ED triage are mandatorily assessed by an emergency physician contributing to task interruptions, decreased quality of care and increased error risk. Recent literature suggests that a triage ECG interpreted as normal by the ECG machine software correlates with benign interpretation from attending cardiologists. Ambiguity persists regarding the safety of the normal computerized ECG interpretation and whether real-time physician review is needed.

Analyzing 3D facial morphology: Insights from a comparative European and South African study on population affinity, sex, age, and allometry.

Variable growth patterns and multifactorial mechanisms cause variation in facial shape. These differences in facial morphology pose challenges for craniofacial reconstruction. Three-dimensional (3D) imaging modalities are a valuable resource for examining these variations.

Persistence and recurrence after removal of idiopathic epiretinal membrane.

Objectives: To analyse the incidence of persistence and recurrence after the peeling of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) and to describe its clinical features.

Methods: This retrospective study included 666 eyes (645 patients) that underwent macular surgery for ERM removal. Optical coherence tomographic (OCT) images taken within three months after surgery and at the following visits, clinical parameters and surgery related factors were analysed to investigate the incidence and associated factors of ERM persistence and recurrence.

A morphoscopic exploration of cranial sexual dimorphism among modern South Africans using computed tomography scans.

Continual re-evaluation of standards for forensic anthropological analyses are necessary, particularly as new methods are explored or as populations change. Indian South Africans are not a new addition to the South African population; however, a paucity of skeletal material is available for analysis from medical school collections, which has resulted in a lack of information on the sexual dimorphism in the crania. For comparable data, computed tomography scans of modern Black, Coloured and White South Africans were included in addition to Indian South Africans.

A micro-computed tomographic evaluation of maxillary first molar root canal morphology in Black South Africans.

Purpose: This study was conducted to investigate the root canal anatomy of maxillary first molars in Black South Africans.

Methods: Micro-computed tomography was used to investigate 101 maxillary first molars (53 teeth from the right, 48 from the left; 50 male and 51 female teeth). The number of root canals in each tooth was determined, and the relationship between side, sex and age was analyzed using chi-squared test.

Biological sex, sex steroids and sex chromosomes contribute to mouse cardiac aging.

After menopause, the incidence of cardiovascular disease rapidly rises in women. The disappearing protection provided by sex steroids is a consequence of the development of many risk factors. Preclinical studies are necessary to understand better the effects of ovarian hormones loss cardiac aging.

Shadow electrochemiluminescence imaging of giant liposomes opening at polarized electrodes.

In this work, the release of giant liposome (∼100 μm in diameter) content was imaged by shadow electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy. Giant unilamellar liposomes were pre-loaded with a sucrose solution and allowed to sediment at an ITO electrode surface immersed in a solution containing a luminophore ([Ru(bpy)]) and a sacrificial co-reactant (tri--propylamine). Upon polarization, the electrode exhibited illumination over its entire surface thanks to the oxidation of ECL reagents.

Perception of the compatibility of Quebec residency program characteristics with the advanced access model: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The advanced access (AA) model is among the most recommended innovations for improving timely access in primary care (PC). AA is based on core pillars such as comprehensive planning for care needs and supply, regularly adjusting supply to demand, optimizing appointment systems, and interprofessional collaborative practices. Exposure of family medicine residents to AA within university-affiliated family medicine groups (U-FMGs) is a promising strategy to widen its dissemination and improve access.

Automated reconstruction: Predictive models based on facial morphology matrices.

Forensic Facial Approximation (FFA) has evolved, with techniques advancing to refine the intercorrelation between the soft-tissue facial profile and the underlying skull. FFA has become essential for identifying unknown persons in South Africa, where the high number of migrant and illegal labourers and many unidentified remains make the identification process challenging. However, existing FFA methods are based on American or European standards, rendering them inapplicable in a South African context.

Exploring cranial macromorphoscopic variation and classification accuracy in a South African sample.

To date South African forensic anthropologists are only able to successfully apply a metric approach to estimate population affinity when constructing a biological profile from skeletal remains. While a non-metric, or macromorphoscopic approach exists, limited research has been conducted to explore its use in a South African population. This study aimed to explore 17 cranial macromorphoscopic traits to develop improved methodology for the estimation of population affinity among black, white and coloured South Africans and for the method to be compliant with standards of best practice.

Evaluating postcranial macromorphoscopic traits to estimate population variation among modern South Africans.

Population overlap and the variation within and among populations have been globally observed but is often difficult to quantify. To achieve this, numerous different methods need to be explored and validated to assist with the creation of an accurate biological profile. The current lack of databases for postcranial macromorphoscopic traits indicates the need to further investigate if the method can be employed repeatably in a forensic context.

Cardiac reverse remodeling in a mouse model with many phenotypical features of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: effects of modifying lifestyle.

Multiple factors cause heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and involve various systems. HFpEF prevalence is rapidly rising, and its prognosis remains poor after the first hospitalization. Adopting a more active lifestyle has been shown to provide beneficial clinical outcomes for patients with HFpEF.

Electrochemiluminescent imaging of a NADH-based enzymatic reaction confined within giant liposomes.

Herein, transient releases either from NADH-loaded liposomes or enzymatic reactions confined in giant liposomes were imaged by electrochemiluminescence (ECL). NADH was first encapsulated with the [Ru(bpy)] luminophore inside giant liposomes (around 100 µm in diameter) made of DOPC/DOPG phospholipids (i.e.

A New Methodology to Determine the Orifice for Root Canal Configurations in First Permanent Molar Root and Canal Morphologies Using Micro-Computed Tomography.

Background: The distinction between where the pulp chamber ends and the root canal system begins is poorly defined within the existing literature.

Methods: This paper aimed to describe a range of accurate methods to define the transition from pulp chamber to root canal in different first molar root morphologies using micro-focus computed tomography (micro-CT).

Methods: The sample consisted of 86 mandibular and 101 maxillary first molars from the skeletal collections housed in the Department of Anatomy and Histology of the Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University and the Pretoria Bone Collection.

Evaluation of age, sex, and ancestry-related variation in cortical bone and dentine volumes in modern humans, and a preliminary assessment of cortical bone-dentine covariation in later Homo.

Cortical bone and dentine share similarities in their embryological origin, development, and genetic background. Few analyses have combined the study of cortical bone and dentine to quantify their covariation relative to endogenous and exogenous factors. However, knowing how these tissues relate in individuals is of great importance to decipher the factors acting on their evolution, and ultimately to understand the mechanisms responsible for the different patterns of tissue proportions shown in hominins.

Microbiota and nutrition as risk and resiliency factors following prenatal alcohol exposure.

Alcohol exposure in adulthood can result in inflammation, malnutrition, and altered gastroenteric microbiota, which may disrupt efficient nutrient extraction. Clinical and preclinical studies have documented convincingly that prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) also results in persistent inflammation and nutrition deficiencies, though research on the impact of PAE on the enteric microbiota is in its infancy. Importantly, other neurodevelopmental disorders, including autism spectrum and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders, have been linked to gut microbiota dysbiosis.

Electrochemiluminescence Imaging of Liposome Permeabilization by an Antimicrobial Peptide: Melittin.

The permeabilization of liposomes by melittin, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), has been studied by an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging strategy. The methodology consisted first of encapsulating ECL reagents in sealed giant asymmetrical liposomes (100 μm in diameter) made of DOPG/DOPC phospholipids (i.e.

A flexible design framework to design graded porous bone scaffolds with adjustable anisotropic properties.

Since the success of bone regenerative medicine depends on scaffold morphological and mechanical properties, numerous scaffolds designs have been proposed in the last decade, including graded structures that are suited to enhance tissue ingrowth. Most of these structures are based either on foams with a random pore definition, or on the periodic repetition of a unit cell (UC). These approaches are limited by the range of target porosities and obtained effective mechanical properties, and do not permit to easily generate a pore size gradient from the core to the periphery of the scaffold.

Veldt fires in South Africa: Implications on osteometry and the biological profile.

Standard operating procedures for forensic anthropological analyses dictate that thermally altered remains should not be measured, hindering the creation of a biological profile. Few studies have addressed estimating biological parameters from burned remains, with the greatest focus of this research area being on cremated remains. However, veldt fires are more common than cremation in the South African forensic context.

Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH): New evidence from micro-XCT scanning.

Objective: To observe and describe the development and underlying structure of the spinal manifestations of individuals osteologically diagnosed with DISH (Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis), using micro-XCT imaging.

Materials: A total of 72 individuals with DISH were identified in two modern skeletal collections in South Africa.

Methods: Vertebral columns affected by DISH were scanned at the micro-focus x-ray computed tomography facility at the Nuclear Energy Corporation of South Africa.

Synthesis, Electrochemical and Fluorescence Properties of the First Fluorescent Member of the Ferrocifen Family and of Its Oxidized Derivatives.

The first fluorescent ferrociphenol derivative (P797) has been synthesized via McMurry cross-coupling followed by copper-catalyzed [3 + 2] azide-alkyne cycloaddition of the fluorescent group coumarin. Cyclic voltammograms of P797 exhibit either a monoelectronic oxidation wave ascribed to the ferrocene Fe(II) → Fe(III) conversion or a three-electron oxidation process in the presence of a base, leading to a Fe(III) quinone methide adduct. This general sequence is consistent with those previously described for non-fluorescent ferrociphenols.

Dynamic Electrochemiluminescence Imaging of Single Giant Liposome Opening at Polarized Electrodes.

In this work, the characterization of release events from liposomes has been addressed quantitatively by an electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging strategy. First, ECL reagents ([Ru(bpy)] and tripropylamine) were encapsulated in sealed giant asymmetrical liposomes (100 μm in diameter) made of DOPG/DOPC phospholipids. After sedimentation on an indium tin oxide electrode material, the opening of liposomes was triggered by polarization of the surface.

[Not Available].

Introduction: With the goal of testing the health impact assessment process to promote health in its policies, the City of Limoges selected the urban planning project aiming to reconvert the Marceau barracks for this experiment. The aim of this HIA was to consider the potential impacts on health of the developed pre-project. The stages of screening, scoping, impact assessment and recommendations took place between 2017 and the end of 2019.

Electrochemical Fluorescence Switch of Organic Fluorescent or Fluorogenic Molecules.

This short review is aimed at emphasizing the most prominent recent works devoted to the fluorescence modulation of organic fluorescent or fluorogenic molecules by electrochemistry. This still expanding research field not only addresses the smart uses of known molecules or the design of new ones, but also investigates the development of instrumentation providing time- and space-resolved information at the molecular level. Important considerations including fluorescent/fluorogenic probes, reversible/irreversible fluorescence switch, direct/indirect fluorescence modulation, or environment properties are especially scrutinized in recent works dealing with bioanalysis perspectives.