Distal-to-proximal etiologically relevant variables associated with the general (p) and specific factors of psychopathology.

Background: The general factor of psychopathology, often denoted as p, captures the common variance among a broad range of psychiatric symptoms. Specific factors are co-modeled based on subsets of closely related symptoms. This paper investigated the extent to which wide-ranging genetic, personal, and environmental etiologically relevant variables are associated with p and specific psychopathology factors.

Direct and Indirect Genetic Effects on Aggression.

Background: Family members resemble each other in their propensity for aggression. In twin studies, approximately 50% of the variance in aggression can be explained by genetic influences. However, if there are genotype-environment correlation mechanisms, such as environmental manifestations of parental and sibling genotypes, genetic influences may partly reflect environmental influences.

Genetics and epigenetics of human aggression.

There is substantial variation between humans in aggressive behavior, with its biological etiology and molecular genetic basis mostly unknown. This review chapter offers an overview of genomic and omics studies revealing the genetic contribution to aggression and first insights into associations with epigenetic and other omics (e.g.

Continuity of Genetic Risk for Aggressive Behavior Across the Life-Course.

We test whether genetic influences that explain individual differences in aggression in early life also explain individual differences across the life-course. In two cohorts from The Netherlands (N = 13,471) and Australia (N = 5628), polygenic scores (PGSs) were computed based on a genome-wide meta-analysis of childhood/adolescence aggression. In a novel analytic approach, we ran a mixed effects model for each age (Netherlands: 12-70 years, Australia: 16-73 years), with observations at the focus age weighted as 1, and decaying weights for ages further away.

No association between anti-thyroidperoxidase antibodies and bipolar disorder: a study in the Dutch Bipolar Cohort and a meta-analysis.

Background: Thyroid autoimmunity has been associated with bipolar disorder (BD). However, results from previous studies on the seroprevalence of anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-abs) in BD are inconsistent.

Objectives: The aim of the present study is to investigate whether the seroprevalence and titer levels of TPO-abs are related to BD.

Genomics of human aggression: current state of genome-wide studies and an automated systematic review tool.

There are substantial differences, or variation, between humans in aggression, with its molecular genetic basis mostly unknown. This review summarizes knowledge on the genetic contribution to variation in aggression with the following three foci: (1) a comprehensive overview of reviews on the genetics of human aggression, (2) a systematic review of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), and (3) an automated tool for the selection of literature based on supervised machine learning. The phenotype definition 'aggression' (or 'aggressive behaviour', or 'aggression-related traits') included anger, antisocial behaviour, conduct disorder, and oppositional defiant disorder.

Static and dynamic appointment scheduling to improve patient access time.

Appointment schedules for outpatient clinics have great influence on efficiency and timely access to health care services. The number of new patients per week fluctuates, and capacity at the clinic varies because physicians have other obligations. However, most outpatient clinics use static appointment schedules, which reserve capacity for each patient type.

A generative vision model that trains with high data efficiency and breaks text-based CAPTCHAs.

Learning from a few examples and generalizing to markedly different situations are capabilities of human visual intelligence that are yet to be matched by leading machine learning models. By drawing inspiration from systems neuroscience, we introduce a probabilistic generative model for vision in which message-passing-based inference handles recognition, segmentation, and reasoning in a unified way. The model demonstrates excellent generalization and occlusion-reasoning capabilities and outperforms deep neural networks on a challenging scene text recognition benchmark while being 300-fold more data efficient.

Analysis of biophysical and anthropogenic variables and their relation to the regional spatial variation of aboveground biomass illustrated for North and East Kalimantan, Borneo.

Background: Land use and land cover change occurring in tropical forest landscapes contributes substantially to carbon emissions. Better insights into the spatial variation of aboveground biomass is therefore needed. By means of multiple statistical tests, including geographically weighted regression, we analysed the effects of eight variables on the regional spatial variation of aboveground biomass.

Access to innovation: is there a difference in the use of expensive anticancer drugs between French hospitals?

In DRG-based hospital payment systems, expensive drugs are often funded separately. In France, specific expensive drugs (including a large proportion of anticancer drugs) are fully reimbursed up to national reimbursement tariffs to ensure equity of access. Our objective was to analyse the use of expensive anticancer drugs in public and private hospitals, and between regions.

Breaking the link between environmental degradation and oil palm expansion: a method for enabling sustainable oil palm expansion.

Land degradation is a global concern. In tropical areas it primarily concerns the conversion of forest into non-forest lands and the associated losses of environmental services. Defining such degradation is not straightforward hampering effective reduction in degradation and use of already degraded lands for more productive purposes.

MyD88 innate immune function in a zebrafish embryo infection model.

Innate immunity signaling mechanisms during vertebrate embryogenesis are largely unknown. To study Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling function in the zebrafish embryo model, we designed an experimental setup for antisense morpholino knockdown under conditions of bacterial infection. Clearance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium Ra bacteria was significantly impaired after knockdown of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), a common adaptor protein in TLR and interleukin-1 receptor signaling.

Increased platelet binding to circulating monocytes in acute coronary syndromes.

Background: Present therapies for acute coronary syndromes aim toward limiting platelet-platelet adhesion and aggregation processes. However, platelet-leukocyte interactions may contribute importantly to disease progression in the arterial wall. Recent studies suggest that prevention of platelet-leukocyte binding via P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) may be beneficial in animal models of vascular injury.

Generation of on-axis and off-axis conic surfaces of revolution by applying a tubular tool.

A new technique, fabrication of aspherical ultraprecise surfaces using a tube, is applied to the generation of conic surfaces of revolution, which also demonstrates that it is possible to generate different kinds of surfaces with the same tube. Surfaces are considered that are generated with the same tube with an elliptical edge but with different off-axis distances and different angles between the tube and the surface. Subsequently it is shown that the generated surface is always a radial section of a conic surface.

Loose abrasive line-contact machining of aspherical optical surfaces of revolution.

A new fabrication technique for the generation of optical aspherical surfaces of revolution is presented. This fabrication technique combines the characteristics of conventional loose abrasive machining with features of high-precision machining tools. A prototype of the machine tool based on this fabrication technique is currently being developed.

Advances in sample preparation, electrophoretic separation and detection methods for rat cytochrome P450 enzymes.

A limited overview is given of the separation and detection of specific cytochrome P450 enzymes of the rat. Separation methods include group-specific chromatographic separation and electrophoretic separation in and elution from polyacrylamide gels. Detection methods that are considered include enzymatic analysis with and without chromatographic step using liquid chromatography and immunochemical methods following separation of the cytochrome P450 enzymes by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Western blotting).

Equivalent layers: another way to look at them.

We describe the behavior of the equivalent refractive index (or Herpin index) and equivalent phase thickness in relation to the phase thicknesses of the layers in a dielectric stack. This relation is visualized by a diagram that provides insight into the existing solutions for given combinations of the Herpin index and the equivalent phase thickness. Furthermore, it can be used for the explanation of the occurrence of stop bands and of the dispersion of equivalent layer stacks.

Adaptation of the refractive indices of antireflection coatings to other surrounding media.

The design of various types of antireflection coating is extensively described in the literature. In practice, however, such designs must often be adapted to other surrounding media or angles of incidence. For such cases, a method is presented in which, starting from a known antireflection coating, a useful reflectance characteristic is obtained for changed situations.

Plasma proteins in growing analbuminaemic rats fed on a diet of low-protein content.

1. Analbuminaemic and Sprague-Dawley (control) rats were fed on low- (60 g/kg) protein and control (200 g protein/kg) diets ad lib. from weaning.

Thickness measurement using Young's interferometric experiment.

The paper describes an interferometer for use in the thickness determination of optical thin films. The standard deviation obtained by repeated measurements is of the order of 0.3 nm.

Optical monitoring of nonquarterwave stacks.

The planning of an optical monitoring process for nonquarterwave stacks, using standard equipment for turning value monitoring, is a rather complicated procedure. It is shown that by using a computer program together with some simple rules the planning becomes a more straightforward task. Detailed examples are presented.