Changes in blood pressure measurement prevalence among United States adults with hypertension before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted health care, with particularly profound effects on persons with chronic conditions like hypertension.

Objectives: In this study, we examined changes in the prevalence of blood pressure (BP) measurements by a healthcare professional among adults aged ≥ 18 years with hypertension before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States (US).

Methods: This study utilized the National Health Interview Survey data from April to December of the 2019 and 2021 modules of the survey.

Examining the Hypertension Control Cascade in Adults With Uncontrolled Hypertension in the US.

Importance: Uncontrolled hypertension is a major contributor to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the US.

Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension control cascade outcomes (hypertension awareness, treatment recommendations, and medication use) among individuals with uncontrolled hypertension to inform action across cascade levels.

Design, Setting, And Participants: This weighted cross-sectional study used January 2017 to March 2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from noninstitutionalized adults aged 18 years or older in the US with uncontrolled hypertension.

Aspirin use for primary prevention among US adults with and without elevated Lipoprotein(a).

Objective: Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is an atherogenic and prothrombotic lipoprotein associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). We assessed the association between regular aspirin use and ASCVD mortality among individuals versus elevated Lp(a) in a nationally representative US cohort.

Methods: Eligible participants were aged 40-70 years without clinical ASCVD, reported on aspirin use, and had Lp(a) measurements from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III, 1988-1994), the only cycle of this nationally representative US cohort to measure Lp(a).

Prevalence estimates and factors associated with violence among older adults: National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence (NISVS) Survey, 2016/2017.

Abuse of older adults is a public health problem. The National Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey (NISVS) is a nationally-representative, telephone survey for non-institutionalized adults in the United States. To determine the prevalence and factors of intimate partner psychological aggression and physical violence and sexual violence by any perpetrator against older adults, we analyzed NISVS 2016/2017 data ( = 10,171, aged ≥ 60 years).

Predicting Food Sources of Based on Genomic Profiling Using Random Forest Model.

can cause severe foodborne illness, including miscarriage during pregnancy or death in newborn infants. When outbreaks of illness occur, it may be possible to determine the food source of the outbreak. However, most reported illnesses do not occur as part of a recognized outbreak and most of the time the food source of sporadic illness in people cannot be determined.

Risk Factors for Non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Infections, United States.

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) causes acute diarrheal illness. To determine risk factors for non-O157 STEC infection, we enrolled 939 patients and 2,464 healthy controls in a case-control study conducted in 10 US sites. The highest population-attributable fractions for domestically acquired infections were for eating lettuce (39%), tomatoes (21%), or at a fast-food restaurant (23%).

Shiga Toxin-Producing Outbreaks in the United States, 2010-2017.

Shiga toxin-producing (STEC) cause illnesses ranging from mild diarrhea to ischemic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS); serogroup O157 is the most common cause. We describe the epidemiology and transmission routes for U.S.

Recency-Weighted Statistical Modeling Approach to Attribute Illnesses Caused by 4 Pathogens to Food Sources Using Outbreak Data, United States.

Foodborne illness source attribution is foundational to a risk-based food safety system. We describe a method for attributing US foodborne illnesses caused by nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica, Escherichia coli O157, Listeria monocytogenes, and Campylobacter to 17 food categories using statistical modeling of outbreak data. This method adjusts for epidemiologic factors associated with outbreak size, down-weights older outbreaks, and estimates credibility intervals.

An Updated Scheme for Categorizing Foods Implicated in Foodborne Disease Outbreaks: A Tri-Agency Collaboration.

Background: Foodborne disease data collected during outbreak investigations are used to estimate the percentage of foodborne illnesses attributable to specific food categories. Current food categories do not reflect whether or how the food has been processed and exclude many multiple-ingredient foods.

Materials And Methods: Representatives from three federal agencies worked collaboratively in the Interagency Food Safety Analytics Collaboration (IFSAC) to develop a hierarchical scheme for categorizing foods implicated in outbreaks, which accounts for the type of processing and provides more specific food categories for regulatory purposes.

Changing Patterns in Enteric Fever Incidence and Increasing Antibiotic Resistance of Enteric Fever Isolates in the United States, 2008-2012.

Background: Enteric fever in the United States has been primarily associated with travel and with worrisome changes in global patterns of antimicrobial resistance. We present the first comprehensive report of National Typhoid and Paratyphoid Fever Surveillance System (NTPFS) data for a 5-year period (2008-2012).

Methods: We reviewed data on laboratory-confirmed cases reported to NTPFS, and related antimicrobial susceptibility results of Salmonella Typhi and Paratyphi A isolates sent for testing by participating public health laboratories to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System laboratory.