The riboswitch senses flavin mononucleotide within a defined transcriptional window.

Riboswitches are metabolite-binding RNA regulators that modulate gene expression at the levels of transcription and translation. One of the hallmarks of riboswitch regulation is that they undergo structural changes upon metabolite binding. While a lot of effort has been put to characterize how the metabolite is recognized by the riboswitch, there is still relatively little information regarding how ligand sensing is performed within a transcriptional context.

National implementation trial of BeUpstanding™: an online initiative for workers to sit less and move more.

Background: The online BeUpstanding™ program is an eight-week workplace-delivered intervention for desk-based workers to raise awareness of the benefits of sitting less and moving more and build a supportive culture for change. A workplace representative (the "champion") delivers the program, which includes a workshop where teams collectively choose their sit less/move more strategies. A toolkit provides the champion with a step-by-step guide and associated resources to support program uptake, delivery, and evaluation.

The relationship between executed cut angle and speed with lower extremity joint angles during unanticipated side-step cutting in soccer players.

Background: Certain movements patterns have been indicated in knee injuries during cutting while running tasks. Differences in the executed cut angle (ECA) could partially account for group differences in joint kinematics previously observed, including sex differences.

Research Question: Are there relationships between joint angles with entry speed and ECA during side-step cutting in soccer players?

Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 21 (10 females) soccer players.

Persistent low job control and subsequent major depression: A prospective cohort study of Australian working males.

Workers' perception of control over work is a key construct in the relationship between the psychosocial work environment and health. While exposure to low job control has been prospectively linked to poor mental health including depression and anxiety, there is less research examining the impact of prolonged exposure to low job control on mental health. Data from 5054 employed men from 2013 to 2021 in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Male Health was used to examine persistent and intermittent low job control and subsequent major depression symptoms.

Application of an Auditory-Based Feedback Distortion to Modify Gait Symmetry in Healthy Individuals.

Background: Augmenting auditory feedback through an error-augmentation paradigm could facilitate the perception and correction of gait asymmetry in stroke survivors, but how such a paradigm should be tailored to individual asymmetry profiles remains unclear. Before implementing the paradigm in rehabilitation, we need to investigate the instantaneous effects of distorted footstep sound feedback on gait symmetry in healthy young adults.

Methods: Participants ( = 12) walked on a self-paced treadmill while listening to their footstep sounds, which were distorted unilaterally according to five conditions presented randomly: small delay; small advance; large delay; large advance; or unmodified (control).

Towards a comprehensive framework for complex walking tasks: Characterization, behavioral adaptations, and clinical implications in ageing and neurological populations.

Complex walking tasks, including change of direction, patterns and rhythms, require more attentional resources than simple walking and significantly impact walking performance, especially among ageing and neurological populations. More studies have been focusing on complex walking situations, with or without the addition of cognitive tasks, creating a multitude of walking situations. Given the lack of a clear and extensive definition of complex walking, this narrative review aims to identify and more precisely characterize situations and related tests, improve understanding of behavioral adaptations in ageing and neurological populations, and report the clinical applications of complex walking.

Mental health training for physicians supervising resident physicians: a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Objective: To evaluate an online training program for physician supervisors with the aim of promoting a mentally healthy workplace by improving their use of both responsive and preventive mental health support strategies.

Study Design: Cluster randomised, waitlist-controlled trial.

Setting, Participants: Royal Australasian College of Physicians fellows who were supervising at least one resident physician in any of the 31 primary health networks in Australia and 20 district health boards in New Zealand (health network clusters).

Fifty years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health: From promise to practice.

Objective: This paper presents an overview of 50 years of research on psychosocial working conditions and health with regards to conceptualization, interventions and policy. We reflect on the promise of past and current research on psychosocial working conditions and, in addition, discuss current progress in translating this research into workplace practice and improvements in people's working lives.

Methods: We conducted a narrative review of meta-reviews and key publications on psychosocial working conditions and health.

A mentally healthy framework to guide employers and policy makers.

Mental health problems among the working population represent a growing concern with huge impacts on individuals, organizations, compensation authorities, and social welfare systems. The workplace presents both psychosocial risks and unique opportunities for intervention. Although there has been rapid expansion of workplace mental health interventions over recent decades, clear direction around appropriate, evidence-based action remains limited.

Workplace-related determinants of mental health in food and bar workers in Western, high-income countries: A systematic review.

Background: This review synthesizes evidence from etiologic and intervention studies of workplace-related determinants of mental health in workers in food and bar workers in the hospitality industry in Western high-income countries.

Methods: Peer-reviewed literature published between January 2000 and August 2023 was gathered from five bibliographic databases. Any study design was eligible.

Exploring the challenges of avoiding collisions with virtual pedestrians using a dual-task paradigm in individuals with chronic moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.

Background: Individuals with a moderate-to-severe traumatic brain injury (m/sTBI), despite experiencing good locomotor recovery six months post-injury, face challenges in adapting their locomotion to the environment. They also present with altered cognitive functions, which may impact dual-task walking abilities. Whether they present collision avoidance strategies with moving pedestrians that are altered under dual-task conditions, however, remains unclear.

Riboswitch and small RNAs modulate btuB translation initiation in Escherichia coli and trigger distinct mRNA regulatory mechanisms.

Small RNAs (sRNAs) and riboswitches represent distinct classes of RNA regulators that control gene expression upon sensing metabolic or environmental variations. While sRNAs and riboswitches regulate gene expression by affecting mRNA and protein levels, existing studies have been limited to the characterization of each regulatory system in isolation, suggesting that sRNAs and riboswitches target distinct mRNA populations. We report that the expression of btuB in Escherichia coli, which is regulated by an adenosylcobalamin (AdoCbl) riboswitch, is also controlled by the small RNAs OmrA and, to a lesser extent, OmrB.

Trajectories of job insecurity and the probability of poorer mental health among prime working-age Australian women and men.

Precarious and insecure employment arrangements are important social determinants of health. Prior evidence has consistently found perceived job insecurity to be associated with poorer mental health. Nonetheless, several key under-researched areas remain in the existing evidence base.

Brain mechanisms involved in the perception of emotional gait: A combined magnetoencephalography and virtual reality study.

Brain processes associated with emotion perception from biological motion have been largely investigated using point-light displays that are devoid of pictorial information and not representative of everyday life. In this study, we investigated the brain signals evoked when perceiving emotions arising from body movements of virtual pedestrians walking in a community environment. Magnetoencephalography was used to record brain activation in 21 healthy young adults discriminating the emotional gaits (neutral, angry, happy) of virtual male/female pedestrians.

Behavioural Synchronisation between Dogs and Humans: Unveiling Interspecific Motor Resonance?

Dogs' behavioural synchronisation with humans is of growing scientific interest. However, studies lack a comprehensive exploration of the neurocognitive foundations of this social cognitive ability. Drawing parallels from the mechanisms underlying behavioural synchronisation in humans, specifically motor resonance and the recruitment of mirror neurons, we hypothesise that dogs' behavioural synchronisation with humans is underpinned by a similar mechanism, namely interspecific motor resonance.

Exploring Australian university students' and staff members' perspectives on an animal-assisted intervention as a health promotion initiative on campus.

Issue Addressed: The university campus environment is unique and complex, with students and staff members experiencing increasing levels of stress and anxiety over time. One intervention being used internationally to alleviate stress and anxiety is an Animal Assisted Intervention (AAI). This research aimed to explore Australian university students' and staff members' perspectives on an AAI prior to implementation.

Does adolescent depression modify the association between psychosocial job stressors and mental health in emergent adulthood?

Background: Job stressors can be particularly harmful to the mental health of disadvantaged groups through differential exposure, differential sensitivity to the effects of exposure, or both. In this paper, we assess the extent to which emergent adult workers with an adolescent history of high depression symptoms may be differentially sensitive to the effect of job stressors on mental health.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of three waves of the Australian arm of the International Youth Development Study (n = 1262).

Development of a virtual reality-based intervention for community walking post stroke: an integrated knowledge translation approach.

Purpose: To develop a virtual reality (VR) based intervention targeting community walking requirements.

Methods: Two focus groups each involving 7 clinicians allowed exploring optimal features, needed support and perceived favorable/unfavorable factors associated with the use of the VR-based intervention from the clinicians' perspective. Three stroke survivors and 2 clinicians further interacted with the intervention and filled questionnaires related to acceptability and favorable/unfavorable perceptions on the VR intervention.