Exploring the burden of paediatric acute otitis media with discharge in the UK: a qualitative study.

Background: Acute otitis media with discharge (AOMd) results from a tympanic membrane perforation secondary to a middle ear infection. Currently, the impact of AOMd on children and young people (CYP) and their families is not well understood. There is also a need to explore the experience of healthcare professionals in treating AOMd.

Sugar signaling modulates SHOOT MERISTEMLESS expression and meristem function in .

In plants, development of all above-ground tissues relies on the shoot apical meristem (SAM) which balances cell proliferation and differentiation to allow life-long growth. To maximize fitness and survival, meristem activity is adjusted to the prevailing conditions through a poorly understood integration of developmental signals with environmental and nutritional information. Here, we show that sugar signals influence SAM function by altering the protein levels of SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (STM), a key regulator of meristem maintenance.

Strigolactone signalling inhibits trehalose 6-phosphate signalling independently of BRC1 to suppress shoot branching.

The phytohormone strigolactone (SL) inhibits shoot branching, whereas the signalling metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) promotes branching. How Tre6P and SL signalling may interact and which molecular mechanisms might be involved remains largely unknown. Transcript profiling of Arabidopsis SL mutants revealed a cluster of differentially expressed genes highly enriched in the Tre6P pathway compared with wild-type (WT) plants or brc1 mutants.

Incidence, antimicrobial prescribing practice, and associated healthcare costs of paediatric otorrhoea in primary care in the UK: a longitudinal population study.

Background: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) is a symptom-based diagnosis encompassing acute and chronic ear infections that cause otorrhoea in children and young people (CYP).

Aim: To understand the burden of PO on primary care services.

Design And Setting: This was a longitudinal population study in UK primary care.

Computed tomography findings of nasal cryptococcosis in Australia (2008-2020): 12 dogs and 9 cats.

Objective: To describe the CT findings of Australian dogs and cats with nasal cryptococcosis over a 12-year period.

Animals: 12 dogs and 9 cats diagnosed with nasal cryptococcosis from 2008 through 2020.

Methods: CT findings were compared among enrolled cases from Australian veterinary referral centers.

Highly sensitive absorbance measurement using droplet microfluidics integrated with an oil extraction and long pathlength detection flow cell.

In droplet microfluidics, UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy along with colorimetric assays have been widely used for chemical and biochemical analysis. However, the sensitivity of the measurement can be limited by the short optical pathlength. Here we report a novel design to enhance the sensitivity by removing oil and converting the droplets into a single-phase aqueous flow, which can be measured within a U-shape channel with long optical pathlength.

Validity of the brief executive-function assessment tool in an outpatient substance use disorder setting.

The Brief Executive-function Assessment Tool (BEAT) was developed and validated for use in residential substance use disorder treatment settings, where participants are mostly abstinent. It is therefore unclear whether the BEAT is valid for use in outpatient settings, where participants may be actively using substances. The effects of acute intoxication and withdrawal have the potential to alter the results of the BEAT.

Understanding responsibility for health inequalities in children's hospitals in England: a qualitative study with hospital staff.

Objectives: This study aimed to understand how staff in children's hospitals view their responsibility to reduce health inequalities for the children and young people who access their services.

Design: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study.

Setting: The study took place at nine children's hospitals in England.

Spliceosomal complex components are critical for adjusting the C:N balance during high-light acclimation.

Plant acclimation to an ever-changing environment is decisive for growth, reproduction, and survival. Light availability limits biomass production on both ends of the intensity spectrum. Therefore, the adjustment of plant metabolism is central to high-light (HL) acclimation, and the accumulation of photoprotective anthocyanins is commonly observed.

Direct and indirect responses of the Arabidopsis transcriptome to an induced increase in trehalose 6-phosphate.

Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) is an essential signal metabolite that regulates the level of sucrose, linking growth and development to the metabolic status. We hypothesized that Tre6P plays a role in mediating the regulation of gene expression by sucrose. To test this, we performed transcriptomic profiling on Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) plants that expressed a bacterial TREHALOSE 6-PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE (TPS) under the control of an ethanol-inducible promoter.

Cognitive remediation in residential substance use treatment: A randomized stepped-wedge trial.

Executive dysfunction is common in individuals with substance use disorder (SUD) and presents a barrier to treatment engagement. The study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of cognitive remediation (CR) for improving executive functioning and treatment retention in patients with SUD, using a stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. The sample included 527 adults enrolled across ten residential SUD treatment providers in NSW, Australia.

S basic leucine zipper transcription factors shape plant architecture by controlling C/N partitioning to apical and lateral organs.

Plants tightly control growth of their lateral organs, which led to the concept of apical dominance. However, outgrowth of the dormant lateral primordia is sensitive to the plant's nutritional status, resulting in an immense plasticity in plant architecture. While the impact of hormonal regulation on apical dominance is well characterized, the prime importance of sugar signaling to unleash lateral organ formation has just recently emerged.

Droplet Microfluidic-Based Analyzer for Monitoring Free Nitrate in Soil.

Monitoring nutrients in the soil can provide valuable information for understanding their spatiotemporal variability and informing precise soil management. Here, we describe an autonomous analyzer for the real-time monitoring of nitrate in soil. The analyzer can sample soil nitrate using either microdialysis or ultrafiltration probes placed within the soil and quantify soil nitrate using droplet microfluidics and colorimetric measurement.

Assessing the health needs of children and young people accessing paediatric hospital services: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: Health needs are issues that face a population or specific groups, which can benefit from healthcare and wider social and environmental changes. They are inextricably linked to health inequalities, which are largely determined by non-health-related factors such as socioeconomic deprivation or belonging to ethnic minority groups. The hospital-accessing paediatric population, with higher rates of morbidity and mortality, are likely to have higher levels of met and unmet health needs related to social determinants, compared with their peers.

How do children's hospitals address health inequalities: a grey literature scoping review.

Objectives: Health inequalities are systematic differences in health between people, which are avoidable and unfair. Globally, more political strategies are required to address health inequalities, which have increased since the global SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 pandemic, with a disproportionate impact on children. This scoping review aimed to identify and collate information on how hospitals around the world that deliver care to children have addressed health inequalities.

The trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase family in plants.

Trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), the intermediate of trehalose biosynthesis, is an essential signalling metabolite linking plant growth and development to carbon metabolism. While recent work has focused predominantly on the enzymes that produce Tre6P, little is known about the proteins that catalyse its degradation, the trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatases (TPPs). Often occurring in large protein families, TPPs exhibit cell-, tissue- and developmental stage-specific expression patterns, suggesting important regulatory functions in controlling local levels of Tre6P and trehalose as well as Tre6P signalling.

Outcome measures for use in trials of paediatric otorrhoea: A systematic review.

Introduction: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) describes a middle ear infection that results in a perforation of the tympanic membrane and ear discharge, in children and young people (CYP). Prolonged infection may be associated with hearing loss and developmental delay. The current management of paediatric otorrhoea is variable, including non-invasive treatments (conservative, oral antibiotics, topical antibiotics) and surgery, reflecting the lack of a sufficiently strong evidence base.

Reflecting on parental insights into healthy lifestyles: a qualitative study.

Background: Children living in the most deprived regions are more than twice as likely as their affluent peers to be obese. One way we can explain the social gradient of health (determined by relative position on the scale of social disadvantage or advantage) is by identifying the barriers and drivers to health that different groups of people experience. This study explored the understanding and perceptions of (and barriers and drivers to) a healthy lifestyle to investigate how commissioned services can better support residents to enable behaviour change in an area of high social deprivation.

The wider health and wellbeing needs of those accessing paediatric care in England: engaging with the hidden voices of children and young people.

Background: Health need is inextricably linked with inequalities. Health outcomes are worse for those in lower socio-economic groups, ethnic minority groups, and those with protected characteristics. In the UK, this has been compounded by the COVID-19 pandemic and the cost-of-living crisis.

The role of the multiple Index of deprivation in predicting mental health outcomes after the COVID-19 pandemic in adolescents: a cross-sectional study.

Background: The number of children and young people (CYP) diagnosed with mental health problems has increased over the past decade. The COVID-19 pandemic also has accelerated this increase, raising significant concerns about adolescent emotional wellbeing. Research suggests that adolescents who live in more deprived areas are more likely to experience poor emotional wellbeing.

The relationships between perfectionism and symptoms of depression, anxiety and obsessive-compulsive disorder in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Perfectionism is a transdiagnostic process associated with depression, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The focus of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to examine evidence for the association between perfectionistic strivings and perfectionistic concerns with symptoms of depression, general anxiety, social anxiety, task anxiety, and OCD in adults. A total of 416 studies were included, with 113,118 participants aged 17 to 90 years ( = 23.

Protocol for the Paediatric Otorrhoea Study (POSt): a multi-methods study to understand the burden of paediatric otorrhoea in the UK.

Introduction: Paediatric otorrhoea (PO) refers to the leakage of fluid through a perforation in the ear drum, resulting from an infection of the middle ear of a child or young person (CYP). PO frequently results in hearing loss which may lead to developmental delay, restricted communication and reduced educational attainment.Epidemiological information for PO is largely derived from low-income countries.