Are healthier diets more sustainable? A cross-sectional assessment of 8 diet quality indexes and 7 sustainability metrics.

Background: A comparison of commonly used diet quality indexes (DQIs) and their association with multiple indicators of sustainability has not been performed, which limits policy action.

Objectives: To evaluate the associations between 8 DQIs and 7 sustainability indicators in a nationally representative sample in the United States.

Methods: In this cross-sectional analysis, dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018, n = 18,522 ≥20 y) were merged with data on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), cumulative energy demand (CED), water scarcity footprint (WSF), land, fertilizer nutrients, pesticides, and food prices from multiple publicly available databases.

Functional Evaluation of a Novel Homozygous ADCY3 Variant Causing Childhood Obesity.

Adenylate cyclase 3 () is a transmembrane protein predominantly expressed in the primary cilia of neurons. It plays a vital role in converting ATP to cAMP, a secondary messenger that regulates various downstream signaling pathways such as carbohydrates and lipids metabolism. Homozygous loss-of-function variants in the gene lead to severe early-onset obesity and insulin resistance whereas gain-of-function variants protect against obesity.

The role of ball path curvature in basketball shooting accuracy.

During the shooting motion of a basketball, the path of the ball from the beginning of the lift to release follows an S-shaped trajectory. This study is the first to investigate how two distinctive features of the S-shaped ball path, the maximum curvature, κ, and terminal curvature, σ, are associated with longitudinal accuracy. The sagittal plane ball path and curvature were found using Bezier curves for 31 professional male basketball athletes.

Toxicity Risks Associated With the Beta-Blocker Metoprolol in Marine and Freshwater Organisms: A Review.

The detection of pharmaceuticals in aquatic ecosystems has generated concern for wildlife and human health over the past several decades. β-adrenergic blocking agents are a class of drugs designed to treat cardiovascular diseases and high blood pressure. Metoprolol is a second-generation β1-adrenergic receptor inhibitor detected in effluent derived from sewage treatment plants.

Foodprint 2.0: A computational simulation model that estimates the agricultural resource requirements of diet patterns.

Reducing the environmental pressures stemming from food production is central to meeting global sustainability targets. Shifting diets represents one lever for improving food system sustainability, and identifying sustainable diet opportunities requires computational models to represent complex systems and allow users to evaluate counterfactual scenarios. Despite an increase in the number of food system sustainability models, there remains a lack of transparency of data inputs and mathematical formulas to facilitate replication by researchers and application by diverse stakeholders.

A bispecific antibody targeting EGFR and AXL delays resistance to osimertinib.

Activating EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) mutations can be inhibited by specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), which have changed the landscape of lung cancer therapy. However, due to secondary mutations and bypass receptors, such as AXL (AXL receptor tyrosine kinase), drug resistance eventually emerges in most patients treated with the first-, second-, or third-generation TKIs (e.g.

The Development and Pilot Testing of a Minority Stress Psychoeducation Tool for Transgender and Nonbinary People.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to develop and test the acceptability of a minority stress psychoeducation tool for transgender and nonbinary (TNB) people.

Methods: Patients in one treatment group who were enrolled in a larger randomized controlled trial received this study's minority stress psychoeducation pre-treatment. Data on the acceptability of the tool and minority stress experiences were collected post-treatment.

A loss-of-function AGTR1 variant in a critically-ill infant with renal tubular dysgenesis: case presentation and literature review.

Background: Renal tubular dysgenesis (RTD) is a severe disorder with poor prognosis significantly impacting the proximal tubules of the kidney while maintaining an anatomically normal gross structure. The genetic origin of RTD, involving variants in the ACE, REN, AGT, and AGTR1 genes, affects various enzymes or receptors within the Renin angiotensin system (RAS). This condition manifests prenatally with oligohydramninos and postnatally with persistent anuria, severe refractory hypotension, and defects in skull ossification.

Aquatic food loss and waste rate in the United States is half of earlier estimates.

Food loss and waste (FLW) is a major challenge to food system sustainability, including aquatic foods. We investigated aquatic FLW in the food supply of the United States, the largest importer of aquatic food globally, using primary and secondary data and life cycle methodology. We show that there are significant differences in FLW among species, production technology, origin and stage of supply chain.

Micronutrient intake from three popular diet patterns in the United States: modeled replacement of foods highest in added sugar and sodium using the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018.

Introduction: Fifty-two percent of adults in the United States reported following a popular diet pattern in 2022, yet there is limited information on daily micronutrient intakes associated with these diet patterns. The objective of the present study was to model the impact on micronutrient intake when foods highest in added sugar and sodium were replaced with healthier alternatives to align with the Dietary Guidelines for Americans recommendations.

Methods: Dietary data were acquired from 34,411 adults ≥ 20 y in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2018.

Measurement of the Induced Magnetic Polarisation of Rotated-Domain Graphene Grown on Co Film with Polarised Neutron Reflectivity.

In this paper, we determine the magnetic moment induced in graphene when grown on a cobalt film using polarised neutron reflectivity (PNR). A magnetic signal in the graphene was detected by X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) spectra at the C -edge. From the XMCD sum rules an estimated magnetic moment of 0.

Endothelial VEGFR2-PLCγ signaling regulates vascular permeability and antitumor immunity through eNOS/Src.

Endothelial phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) is essential for vascular development; however, its role in healthy, mature, or pathological vessels is unexplored. Here, we show that PLCγ was prominently expressed in vessels of several human cancer forms, notably in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). High PLCγ expression in clear cell RCC correlated with angiogenic activity and poor prognosis, while low expression correlated with immune cell activation.

Greater adherence to the Dietary Guidelines for Americans is associated with lower diet-related greenhouse gas emissions but higher costs.

Introduction: Few studies have evaluated the sustainability of popular diet patterns in the US, which limits policy action and impedes consumer efficacy to make sustainable dietary changes. This study filled this gap by evaluating the relationship between diet quality, greenhouse gas emissions (GHGE), and diet cost for plant-based, restricted carbohydrate, low grain, low fat, and time restricted diet patterns.

Methods: Dietary data were retrieved from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2011-2018,  = 8,146) and linked with data on GHGE and food prices from publicly available databases.

Retrospective Analysis of Wastewater-Based Epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2 in Residences on a Large College Campus: Relationships between Wastewater Outcomes and COVID-19 Cases across Two Semesters with Different COVID-19 Mitigation Policies.

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been utilized for outbreak monitoring and response efforts in university settings during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. However, few studies examined the impact of university policies on the effectiveness of WBE to identify cases and mitigate transmission. The objective of this study was to retrospectively assess relationships between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) wastewater outcomes and COVID-19 cases in residential buildings of a large university campus across two academic semesters (August 2020-May 2021) under different COVID-19 mitigation policies.

Understanding the Genetics of Early-Onset Obesity in a Cohort of Children From Qatar.

Context: Monogenic obesity is a rare form of obesity due to pathogenic variants in genes implicated in the leptin-melanocortin signaling pathway and accounts for around 5% of severe early-onset obesity. Mutations in the genes encoding the MC4R, leptin, and leptin receptor are commonly reported in various populations to cause monogenic obesity. Determining the genetic cause has important clinical benefits as novel therapeutic interventions are now available for some forms of monogenic obesity.

Dairy and Plant-Based Milks: Implications for Nutrition and Planetary Health.

Purpose Of Review: Dairy milk products are dominant in the market; however, plant-based milks are gaining prominence among USA consumers. Many questions remain about how plant-based milk products compare to dairy milk from a nutrition, public health, and planetary health perspective. Here, we compare the retail sales, nutrient profiles, and known health and environmental impacts of the production and consumption of dairy and plant-based milks and identify knowledge gaps for future studies.

Determining the Proximity Effect-Induced Magnetic Moment in Graphene by Polarized Neutron Reflectivity and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism.

We report the magnitude of the induced magnetic moment in CVD-grown epitaxial and rotated-domain graphene in proximity with a ferromagnetic Ni film, using polarized neutron reflectivity (PNR) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD). The XMCD spectra at the C -edge confirm the presence of a magnetic signal in the graphene layer, and the sum rules give a magnetic moment of up to ∼0.47 μ/C atom induced in the graphene layer.

Greenhouse gas emissions, cost, and diet quality of specific diet patterns in the United States.

Background: Major policy agendas are calling for accelerated investment in research that addresses the impact of diet patterns on multiple domains of sustainability.

Objectives: To evaluate the comparative greenhouse gas emissions, diet cost, and diet quality of plant-based, low-grain, restricted carbohydrate, low-fat, and time-restricted diet patterns on a daily per capita basis.

Methods: Dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2013-2016, n = 4025) were merged with data on greenhouse gas emissions (GHGEs) and food prices from multiple databases.

Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid pharmacokinetics of vodobatinib, a neuroprotective c-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor for the treatment of Parkinson's disease.

Background: Preclinical evidence suggests that c-Abl is critical in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease (PD). Vodobatinib (K0706) is a potent, specific Abl kinase inhibitor currently being developed for the treatment of PD. In previously reported studies, nilotinib, a multikinase c-Abl inhibitor, did not show clinical activity as evidenced by no improvement of symptoms or the rate of decline after one to six months of treatment at the maximum permissible dose, presumably because of insufficient CNS penetration.

Challenges to Reintegration: A Qualitative Intrinsic Case-Study of Convicted Female Sex Traffickers.

Limited research focuses on the nature of the lived experiences of women engaged in sex trafficking. This study employed qualitative methods of in-depth structured interviews with ten convicted sex traffickers (ages 24-56; 100% identifying as female). Participants' lived experiences revealed circumstances that led them to trafficking, specific needs, and the stigmatization they faced after exiting economies tied to trafficking.

Poland-Möbius syndrome: a case report implicating a novel mutation of the PLXND1 gene and literature review.

Background: Möbius (Moebius) and Poland's syndromes are two rare congenital syndromes characterized by non-progressive bilateral (and often asymmetric) dysfunction of the 6 and 7 cranial nerves and hypoplasia of the pectoral muscles associated with chest wall and upper limb anomalies respectively. Manifest simultaneously as Poland-Möbius (Poland-Moebius) syndrome, debate continues as to whether this is a distinct nosological entity or represents phenotypic variation as part of a spectrum of disorders of rhomboencephalic development. Etiological hypotheses implicate both genetic and environmental factors.

Consumption of Key Food Groups by Individuals Consuming Popular Diet Patterns: Mixed Effects of Replacing Foods High in Added Sugar, Sodium, Saturated Fat, and Refined Grains.

Adults in the United States are increasingly following 'popular' diet patterns that restrict food groups, macronutrients, or eating time. However, the intake of food groups associated with these diet patterns has not been well characterized. The objectives of this study were to (1) characterize the mean intake of food groups among consumers of popular diet patterns in the US, and (2) model the effect of targeted food substitutions on the intake of food groups.