A Longitudinal Analysis of Long Working Hours and the Onset of Psychological Distress.

Objectives: There is a paucity of longitudinal studies examining the relationship between working hours and the development of psychological distress (PD) among US workers. This study utilized a longitudinal approach to examine this relationship.

Methods: The 2010-2019 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) data was utilized.

Describing trauma patient characteristics and care provided at a referral hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania: a prospective cross-sectional study.

Background: Over 90% of trauma deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The trauma burden in Tanzania is similar to the global rate of 10% and road traffic injuries result in a 40% mortality. To understand epidemiology of trauma referrals and care we aimed to describe the patients presenting to a tertiary, referral hospital in Tanzania for trauma care, their injuries and mechanism of injury, and describe the care received.

High-energy nanosecond pulse extraction from a Tm-doped photonic crystal fiber laser emitting at 2050 nm with narrow linewidth.

A nanosecond-pulsed diode-pumped Tm-doped fiber laser (TDFL) operating at 2050 nm is reported based on a flexible photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with a core diameter of 50 µm. Analytical evaluation of reabsorption effects and optimization of the fiber length allow enhanced pulse energy extraction at long wavelengths. This enables the generation of Gaussian-shaped pulses with pulse energies of 1.

Trends in Respiratory Viral Testing in Pediatric Emergency Departments Following the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Study Objective: To evaluate for increases in the use and costs of respiratory viral testing in pediatric emergency departments (EDs) because of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study using the pediatric health information system. Eligible subjects were children (90 days to 18 years) who were discharged from a pediatric ED and included in the pediatric health information system from October 2016 through March 2024.

The Association of the MeMed BV Test With Radiographic Pneumonia in Children.

Background: The MeMed BV Test produces a score that increases with increasing likelihood of bacterial infection. We evaluated its association with radiographic pneumonia in children.

Methods: We performed a secondary analysis of a multicenter prospective study of febrile children 90 days to 18 years presenting to an emergency department.

External Validation of Two Clinical Prediction Models for Pediatric Pneumonia.

Objective: To externally validate two prediction models for pediatric radiographic pneumonia.

Methods: We prospectively evaluated the performance of two prediction models (Pneumonia Risk Score [PRS] and Catalyzing Ambulatory Research in Pneumonia Etiology and Diagnostic Innovations in Emergency Medicine [CARPE DIEM] models) from a prospective convenience sample of children 90 days - 18 years of age from a pediatric emergency department undergoing chest radiography for suspected pneumonia between January 1, 2022, and December 31st, 2023. We evaluated model performance using the original intercepts and coefficients and evaluated for performance changes when performing recalibration and re-estimation procedures.

Preferences for Management of Pediatric Pneumonia: A Clinician Survey of Artificially Generated Patient Cases.

Background: It is unknown which factors are associated with chest radiograph (CXR) and antibiotic use for suspected community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children. We evaluated factors associated with CXR and antibiotic preferences among clinicians for children with suspected CAP using case scenarios generated through artificial intelligence (AI).

Methods: We performed a survey of general pediatric, pediatric emergency medicine, and emergency medicine attending physicians employed by a private physician contractor.

Long-read Ribo-STAMP simultaneously measures transcription and translation with isoform resolution.

Transcription and translation are intertwined processes in which mRNA isoforms are crucial intermediaries. However, methodological limitations in analyzing translation at the mRNA isoform level have left gaps in our understanding of critical biological processes. To address these gaps, we developed an integrated computational and experimental framework called long-read Ribo-STAMP (LR-Ribo-STAMP) that capitalizes on advancements in long-read sequencing and RNA-base editing-mediated technologies to simultaneously profile translation and transcription at both the gene and mRNA isoform levels.

A comprehensive dataset on biomechanics and motor control during human walking with discrete mechanical perturbations.

Background: Humans have a remarkable capability to maintain balance while walking. There is, however, a lack of publicly available research data on reactive responses to destabilizing perturbations during gait.

Methods: Here, we share a comprehensive dataset collected from 10 participants who experienced random perturbations while walking on an instrumented treadmill.

Time to Clinical Stability in Children With Community-Acquired Pneumonia.

Background And Objectives: Time to clinical stability (TCS) is a commonly used outcome in adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), yet few studies have evaluated TCS in children. Our objective was to determine the association between TCS and disease severity in children with suspected CAP, as well as factors associated with reaching early stability.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of children (aged 3 months to 18 years) hospitalized with suspected CAP.

Predicting Serious Bacterial Infections Among Hypothermic Infants in the Emergency Department.

Background: There is insufficient evidence to guide the initial evaluation of hypothermic infants. We aimed to evaluate risk factors for serious bacterial infections (SBI) among hypothermic infants presenting to the emergency department (ED).

Methods: We conducted a multicenter case-control study among hypothermic (rectal temperature <36.

Dioxygen Activation and Reduction by a Soluble Iron Phthalocyanine.

Iron ions in a square-planar coordination can bind molecules at the vacant axial positions and are able to transform them in stoichiometric and catalytic reactions. Nature takes advantage of these properties by incorporating iron into porphyrin systems, which play a key role not only in the binding and transport of oxygen, but also in catalytic oxidation and reduction reactions involving cytochrome P450. Although these systems have been studied extensively, there are still unresolved questions regarding the interplay between the iron ions and the surrounding ligands.

Examining the relationship between long working hours and the use of prescription sedatives among U.S. workers.

Objectives: The prevalence of long working hours has been accompanied by a corresponding rise in sleep disorders. Sedative-hypnotic agents (SHAs), have been reported as the second most commonly misused drug class in the U.S.

Examining Cases of Child Physical Abuse Evaluations to Identify Opportunities to Improve Intimate Partner Violence Screening in Pediatric Emergency Departments.

The association between child maltreatment and intimate partner violence (IPV) is well supported. Universal IPV screening has been recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the United States Preventative Task Force, and many children's hospitals have established screening protocols. However, the yield and best screening method in families undergoing a child physical abuse (PA) evaluation have not been fully explored.

Long-Term Follow-Up of Pediatric Patients with Dyskinetic Cerebral Palsy and Deep Brain Stimulation.

Background: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has been increasingly used in the management of dyskinetic cerebral palsy (DCP). Data on long-term effects and the safety profile are rare.

Objectives: We assessed the efficacy and safety of pallidal DBS in pediatric patients with DCP.

Advocacy for patients with headache disorders.

Primary headache disorders are worldwide highly prevalent and burdensome and should be therefore considered as a global public health priority. However, too many patients with primary headache disorders still do not receive satisfying care. The most likely identified reasons for such a scenario - lack of public awareness, stigma, lack of trained professionals with inadequate healthcare systems and policies - are remediable.

Clinical Impact of Standardized TAVR Technique and Care Pathway: Insights From the Optimize PRO Study.

Background: Procedural success and clinical outcomes after transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) have improved, but residual aortic regurgitation (AR) and new permanent pacemaker implantation (PPI) rates remain variable because of a lack of uniform periprocedural management and implantation.

Objectives: The Optimize PRO study evaluates valve performance and procedural outcomes using an "optimized" TAVR care pathway and the cusp overlap technique (COT) in patients receiving the Evolut PRO/PRO+ (Medtronic) self-expanding valves.

Methods: Optimize PRO, a nonrandomized, prospective, postmarket study conducted in the United States, Canada, Europe, Middle East, and Australia, is enrolling patients with severe symptomatic aortic stenosis and no pre-existing pacemaker.

Incorporation of biomarkers into a prediction model for paediatric radiographic pneumonia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate biomarkers to predict radiographic pneumonia among children with suspected lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI).

Methods: We performed a single-centre prospective cohort study of children 3 months to 18 years evaluated in the emergency department with signs and symptoms of LRTI. We evaluated the incorporation of four biomarkers (white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin), in isolation and in combination, with a previously developed clinical model (which included focal decreased breath sounds, age and fever duration) for an outcome of radiographic pneumonia using multivariable logistic regression.

Multiplexed transcriptome discovery of RNA-binding protein binding sites by antibody-barcode eCLIP.

Ultraviolet crosslinking and immunoprecipitation (CLIP) methodologies enable the identification of RNA binding sites of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs). Despite improvements in the library preparation of RNA fragments, the enhanced CLIP (eCLIP) protocol requires 4 days of hands-on time and lacks the ability to process several RBPs in parallel. We present a new method termed antibody-barcode eCLIP that utilizes DNA-barcoded antibodies and proximity ligation of the DNA oligonucleotides to RBP-protected RNA fragments to interrogate several RBPs simultaneously.