Exam Wrappers in Nursing Education: A Metacognitive Tool to Improve Performance.

Background: Metacognition can assist students in improving poor examination (exam) performance. An exam wrapper is a metacognitive tool used to assess a student's thought processes and behavioral patterns during test-taking.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an exam wrapper tool used during one-to-one exam review sessions with faculty on prelicensure nursing students' subsequent exam performance.

Complete Genome Sequences of Microbacterium paraoxydans Phages Cassita and Fransoyer.

Phages Cassita and Fransoyer were isolated from soil in northwestern Wisconsin using Microbacterium paraoxydans as the host. The genomes of Cassita and Fransoyer are 61,868 bp and 62,277 bp, respectively, with direct terminal repeats. Both phages exhibit siphoviral morphology and are predicted to have lytic life cycles.

Unravelling the fundamentals of thermal and chemical expansion of BaCeO from first principles phonon calculations.

Differentiating chemical and thermal expansion is virtually impossible to achieve experimentally. While thermal expansion stems from a softening of the phonon spectra, chemical expansion depends on the chemical composition of the material. In the present contribution, we, for the first time, completely decouple thermal and chemical expansion through first principles phonon calculations on BaCeO, providing new fundamental insights to lattice expansion.

Gang youth as a vulnerable population for nursing intervention.

Background: Gang youth often come from socially and economically marginalized communities. Such youth report significantly higher rates of participation in violence, substance use, and risky sexual behaviors than their nongang peers.

Aims: This manuscript argues that gang-identified youth constitute a vulnerable population.

Comparison of spiramycin and doxycycline in the treatment of lower respiratory infections in general practice.

A total of 221 patients from 21 general practitioners was entered in a double-blind comparative study of spiramycin and doxycycline in the treatment of pneumonia and acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. One-hundred-and-five patients were randomized to treatment with spiramycin tablets for 5 1/2 days and 116 patients were randomized to treatment with doxycycline tablets for nine days. The efficacy and side effects of the two treatment regimens were observed.

Autopsy findings in three family members with a presumably acquired immunodeficiency syndrome of unknown etiology.

This paper presents clinical, immunological and post-mortem findings in three family members (husband, wife and daughter) who all died in 1976 after having had chronic and recurrent opportunistic infections for many years. In all of them a progressive, presumably acquired T-lymphocyte defect associated with B-lymphocyte dysfunction had been diagnosed several years before death. The clinical and immunological findings are compatible with those seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) caused by HTLV-III/LAV infection, but examinations of stored blood samples from the three patients were negative with regard to the presence of HTLV-III/LAV antibodies.

Brainstem lesion with coma for five years following manipulation of the cervical spine.

A woman, aged 38, lost consciousness immediately after manipulation of the cervical spine and remained in coma for nearly 5 years in a combined decorticate and decerebrate state. Cerebral angiography revealed impaired circulation in the vertebrobasilar system. The EEG initially showed generalized cerebral dysrhythmia but tended, over the years, to become more normal with desynchronized fast activity of low voltage.

Treatment of rheumatoid pachymeningitis involving the entire thoracic region.

A 67-year-old woman developed a spinal cord compression syndrome due to rheumatoid pachymeningitis with a roentgenological block from T2 to T11. The dura was surgically split from T1 to T12 and carefully dissected away from the spinal cord and then left open without grafting. The patient imporved and 3 years after the operation the spinal subarachnoid space and the circulation of cerebrospinal fluid were normal.

Experimental hydronephrosis. Influence of infection on the histological picture.

The present paper is concerned with a histological examination of 110 pairs of rat kidneys from an experimental investigation on unilateral hydronephrosis previously published. Urine sampled by puncture of the obstructed pelvis remained sterile in cultures from most of the cases, though in 22 of a total of 184 cases growth of bacteria occurred. Intravenous injection of E.

Ependymoma: a follow-up study of 101 cases.

One hundred and one patients with histologically confirmed ependymomas were studied over a 22-year period. Choroid plexus papilloma and sub-ependymoma were not included. About half of the tumors were intracranial, with the majority of these infratentorial.

X-linked aqueductal stenosis.

A family is reported in which eight members of one generation were affected by the syndrome hydrocephalus with aqueductal stenosis. With the exception of one child who lived for several weeks, they all died at or within 10 days of birth. Autopsy of a pair of affected twins showed marked stenosis of the aqueduct of Sylvius with fusion of the lamina quadrigemina.

Preferential utilization of the glucosyl moiety of sucrose by a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans.

The utilization of sucrose by a cariogenic strain of Streptococcus mutans was studied. The soluble and cell-bound sucrose-dependent, polymer-forming sucrase activities constitutively produced by the bacteria during growth on glucose were measured. About eight times more dextransucrase activity was present than levan-sucrase activity.

Use of specifically labeled sucrose for comparison of extracellular glucan and fructan metabolism by oral streptococci.

Sucrose labeled in the fructosyl ((3)H) and glucosyl ((14)C) moieties was used to quantitate extracellular polysaccharide production and degradation by cariogenic and noncariogenic oral streptococci. All of the strains produced glucan and fructan. Streptococcus salivarius produced primarily fructan, whereas S.