High root biomass production in anchored Arabidopsis plants grown in axenic sucrose supplemented liquid culture.

There are many benefits to growing Arabidopsis in solution-based media, especially when large amounts of root tissue are required for molecular and biochemical studies. Roots grown in soil are brittle and tend to break easily when removed from their substrate. We have developed an axenic liquid culture system that simplifies growing large amounts of roots from intact plants.

Laparoscopic Gastric Bypass, Roux-en-Y: Preliminary Report of Five Cases.

The technique of laparoscopic gastric bypass, Roux-en-Y, has been developed, and performed in five patients. The detailed technique and instrumentation is described. Early case results show comparable weight loss, and reduced morbidity and disability.

Lissencephaly.

The first reported case of lissencephaly resulting from a consanguinous union strengthens the supposition that in some cases, it is transmitted as an autosomal recessive trait. Comparison of this case with a sporadically occurring case of lissencephaly, with different cortical morphology, suggests that lissencephaly may be an example of either varying gene expressivity or genetic heterogeneity. Lissencephaly and pachygyria may eventually be shown to be due to different causes, some inherited, some acquired.