Telehealth delivery of GenerationPMTO in the public mental health system: A pragmatic, noninferiority study.

Telehealth is a promising means for expanding access to mental health treatment. Yet, more research is needed to ensure that telehealth service delivery is no less effective than in-person treatment in real-world service delivery contexts. In the current study, we compared telehealth delivery of the GenerationPMTO parenting intervention to in-person delivery in the context of the public mental health system.

The effectiveness of delivery modalities of non-pharmacological diabetes prevention programs: A systematic review and component network meta-analysis.

Background And Aims: Type 2 diabetes prevention programs are effective but costly and intensive, making translation into routine primary care and community settings challenging. Identifying drivers of intervention effectiveness can inform pragmatic future implementation whilst maintaining effectiveness. Translational studies have demonstrated that delivery modalities impact their effectiveness.

Streamlined Clinical Management Pathways May Reduce Major Amputations in Patients with Chronic Limb Threatening Ischaemia: A Prospective Cohort Study with Historical Controls.

Objective: Patient characteristics and patterns of disease in chronic limb threatening ischaemia (CLTI) have markedly changed in recent years. Urgent specialist referral and timely revascularisation are recommended in international guidelines. UK guidelines now recommend revascularisation within five days of referral for inpatients and two weeks in outpatients.

Impact of physical activity on surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease in the haemodialysis population.

Background: The haemodialysis (HD) population is sedentary, with substantial cardiovascular disease risk. In the general population, small increases in daily step count associate with significant reductions in cardiovascular mortality. This study explores the relationship between daily step count and surrogate markers of cardiovascular disease, including left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and native T1 (a marker of diffuse myocardial fibrosis), within the HD population.

Uptake of self-management education programmes for people with type 2 diabetes in primary care through the embedding package: a cluster randomised control trial and ethnographic study.

Background: Self-management education programmes are cost-effective in helping people with type 2 diabetes manage their diabetes, but referral and attendance rates are low. This study reports on the effectiveness of the Embedding Package, a programme designed to increase type 2 diabetes self-management programme attendance in primary care.

Methods: Using a cluster randomised design, 66 practices were randomised to: (1) a wait-list group that provided usual care for nine months before receiving the Embedding Package for nine months, or (2) an immediate group that received the Embedding Package for 18 months.

Incorporating polygenic risk into the Leicester Risk Assessment score for 10-year risk prediction of type 2 diabetes.

Aims: We evaluated whether incorporating information on ethnic background and polygenic risk enhanced the Leicester Risk Assessment (LRA) score for predicting 10-year risk of type 2 diabetes.

Methods: The sample included 202,529 UK Biobank participants aged 40-69 years. We computed the LRA score, and developed two new risk scores using training data (80% sample): LRArev, which incorporated additional information on ethnic background, and LRAprs, which incorporated polygenic risk for type 2 diabetes.

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital episodes for falls and fractures associated with new-onset disability and frailty in England: a national cohort study.

Background: Older people with frailty are at risk of harm from immobility or isolation, yet data about how COVID-19 lockdowns affected them are limited. Falls and fractures are easily measurable adverse outcomes correlated with frailty. We investigated whether English hospital admission rates for falls and fractures varied from the expected trajectory during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how these varied by frailty status.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of two interventions to promote physical activity in a multiethnic population at high risk of diabetes: an economic evaluation of the 48-month PROPELS randomized controlled trial.

Introduction: Physical activity (PA) is protective against type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, data on pragmatic long-term interventions to reduce the risk of developing T2D via increased PA are lacking. This study investigated the cost-effectiveness of a pragmatic PA intervention in a multiethnic population at high risk of T2D.

The Effectiveness of Lifestyle Interventions in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis.

Objectives: To perform a network meta-analysis to determine the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in exercise tolerance and quality of life (QoL) in people with HFpEF.

Methods: Ten databases were searched for randomized controlled trials that evaluated a diet and/or exercise intervention in people with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction until May 2022. The co-primary outcomes were peak oxygen uptake (V̇O) and Quality of Life as assessed by the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire (MLHFQ).

The Effectiveness of GenerationPMTO During Sustained Implementation in the Public Mental Health System: A Single-Arm Open Trial Evaluation.

To support families and reduce the burden of child mental, emotional, and behavioral problems, evidence-based parenting interventions must remain effective in real-world service delivery contexts. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the GenerationPMTO (GenPMTO) intervention during sustained implementation in the Michigan public mental health system using a single-arm open trial (pre-post) design. We also examined potential predictors of treatment response.

Implementation and engagement of the SMART Work & Life sitting reduction intervention: an exploratory analysis on intervention effectiveness.

Background: To enhance the impact of interventions, it is important to understand how intervention engagement relates to study outcomes. We report on the level of implementation and engagement with the SMART Work & Life (SWAL) programme (delivered with (SWAL plus desk) and without a height-adjustable desk (SWAL)) and explore the effects of different levels of this on change in daily sitting time in comparison to the control group.

Methods: The extent of intervention delivery by workplace champions and the extent of engagement by champions and participants (staff) with each intervention activity was assessed by training attendance logs, workplace champion withdrawal dates, intervention activities logs and questionnaires.

A systematic review of simulation studies which compare existing statistical methods to account for non-compliance in randomised controlled trials.

Introduction: Non-compliance is a common challenge for researchers and may reduce the power of an intention-to-treat analysis. Whilst a per protocol approach attempts to deal with this issue, it can result in biased estimates. Several methods to resolve this issue have been identified in previous reviews, but there is limited evidence supporting their use.

Participant and workplace champion experiences of an intervention designed to reduce sitting time in desk-based workers: SMART work & life.

Background: A cluster randomised controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of the SMART Work & Life (SWAL) behaviour change intervention, with and without a height-adjustable desk, for reducing sitting time in desk-based workers. Staff within organisations volunteered to be trained to facilitate delivery of the SWAL intervention and act as workplace champions. This paper presents the experiences of these champions on the training and intervention delivery, and from participants on their intervention participation.

Association between ethnicity and migration status with the prevalence of single and multiple long-term conditions in UK healthcare workers.

Background: Healthcare workers' (HCW) well-being has a direct effect on patient care. However, little is known about the prevalence and patterns of long-term medical conditions in HCWs, especially those from ethnic minorities. This study evaluated the burden of multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs), i.

Incorporation of patient and public involvement in statistical methodology research: development of an animation.

Background: Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) is important to all aspects of health research. However, there are few examples of successful PPIE in statistical methodology research. One of the reasons for this relates to challenges in the identification of individuals interested in statistical methodology research projects, and ambiguities over the importance of PPIE to these projects.

Incorporation of patient and public involvement in statistical methodology research: a survey assessing current practices and attitudes of researchers.

Background: Patient and public involvement (PPI) ensures that research is designed and conducted in a manner that is most beneficial to the individuals whom it will impact. It has an undisputed place in applied research and is required by many funding bodies. However, PPI in statistical methodology research is more challenging and work is needed to identify where and how patients and the public can meaningfully input in this area.

Using the kidney failure risk equation to predict end-stage kidney disease in CKD patients of South Asian ethnicity: an external validation study.

Background: The kidney failure risk equation (KFRE) predicts the 2- and 5-year risk of needing kidney replacement therapy (KRT) using four risk factors - age, sex, urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and creatinine-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Although the KFRE has been recalibrated in a UK cohort, this did not consider minority ethnic groups. Further validation of the KFRE in different ethnicities is a research priority.

A multicomponent intervention to reduce daily sitting time in office workers: the SMART Work & Life three-arm cluster RCT.

Background: Office workers spend 70-85% of their time at work sitting. High levels of sitting have been linked to poor physiological and psychological health. Evidence shows the need for fully powered randomised controlled trials, with long-term follow-up, to test the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sitting time.

The NightLife study - the clinical and cost-effectiveness of thrice-weekly, extended, in-centre nocturnal haemodialysis versus daytime haemodialysis using a mixed methods approach: study protocol for a randomised controlled trial.

Background: In-centre nocturnal haemodialysis (INHD) offers extended-hours haemodialysis, 6 to 8 h thrice-weekly overnight, with the support of dialysis specialist nurses. There is increasing observational data demonstrating potential benefits of INHD on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). There is a lack of randomised controlled trial (RCT) data to confirm these benefits and assess safety.

Implementation of a diabetes prevention programme in a multi-ethnic community in primary care in England: An evaluation using constructs from the RE-AIM Framework.

Aims: To implement a diabetes prevention programme in primary care METHODS: The programme was implemented for 12 months in two neighbouring towns, served by eight general practices. Practices requested a referral pathway involving an external administrator running electronic searches and sending postal invitations. If interested, people called and booked a place on the programme.

Experiences of dysmenorrhea and its treatment among allistic and autistic menstruators: a thematic analysis.

Background: Dysmenorrhea (i.e., period pain) is common and debilitating.