Assessing NIAAA's Definition of Recovery from Alcohol Use Disorder: A Latent Class Analysis of a Heterogeneous Online Sample.

NIAAA's 2022 definition of recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD) includes two core components, remission of DSM-5 AUD criteria and cessation of heavy drinking. This study's purpose was to assess patterns of AUD symptoms and heavy drinking in a heterogeneous national sample, in order to clarify the utility of the definition. Participants who self-reported having resolved an alcohol problem for at least six months were recruited through Amazon Mechanical Turk (=386) and surveyed about their problem severity, current drinking, and AUD symptomology.

Negative affect variability as a potential mechanism of behavior change in alcohol use disorder treatment.

Objective: Negative affect and affect variability figure prominently in models of addictive behaviors but are not without controversy. Negative affect variability may better capture a mechanism of behavior change in alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment because it contains information about affect regulation, a common clinical target. The aims of this study are to examine the change in: (a) trajectory of negative affect variability, (b) association of negative affect variability and abstinence, and (c) association of negative affect variability and heavy drinking during AUD treatment.

Predictors of National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) Alcohol Recovery among Individuals in Alcohol Treatment: Implications for Social Work.

The National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism's (NIAAA) definition of alcohol use disorder (AUD) recovery stipulates two criteria: remission from DSM-5 AUD and cessation of heavy drinking. Importantly, these criteria allow for consideration of nonabstinent alcohol treatment outcomes. However, researchers have yet to assess potential predictors of the NIAAA recovery outcome.

Low-Coordinate Iron Hydride Chemistry at an N,N,C-Heteroscorpionate Platform.

Locally high-spin iron hydrides are proposed to play a critical role as intermediates in iron-molybdenum cofactor (FeMoco)-catalyzed N fixation. Inspired by these biological systems, we report herein our initial investigations into low-coordinate iron hydride chemistry supported by our N,N,C-heteroscorpionate ligands. Those ligands with smaller steric profiles are unable to completely suppress the formation of a binuclear [Fe(μ-H)] complex; however, the incorporation of more substantial steric bulk allows for the isolation of a rare example of a terminal, high-spin ( = 2) Fe hydride.

Record Setting Temperatures in the Setting of SARS-CoV-2 Suggests Dexmedetomidine Drug-Induced Fever: A Case Report.

Patients infected with COVID-19 can develop coinfections or acute respiratory disorder that result in ventilation. Dexmedetomidine is a common medication used to sedate ventilated patients in the intensive care unit and for nonintubated patients prior to a surgical procedure. As a highly selective alpha-2 agonist, dexmedetomidine provides sedation while reducing the need for anxiolytics or opioids.

Daily mindfulness homework completion is associated with reduced drinking during a mindfulness-enriched emotion regulation treatment for alcohol use disorder.

Homework is widely used in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for alcohol use disorder (AUD). Theoretically, homework helps clients generalize skills acquired during treatment to their daily lives. However, clinical trials methodology has typically employed pre- and post-treatment assessments which has made evaluating the contribution of homework to behavior change a challenge.

Emotion differentiation among individuals in a randomized clinical trial for alcohol use disorder: Within- and between-person associations with affect, craving, and alcohol use in daily life.

Emotion differentiation refers to cognitively distinguishing among discrete, same-valenced emotions. Negative emotion differentiation (NED) is a transdiagnostic indicator of emotional functioning. The role of positive emotion differentiation (PED) in clinical disorders, including alcohol use disorder (AUD), is less understood.

Mechanisms of behavior change during alcohol treatment among negative affect drinkers: A time-varying effect model analysis using 84 consecutive days of ecological momentary assessment.

Objective: To better understand the timing and unique contribution of four potential mechanisms of behavior change (MOBC) during alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment (negative affect, positive affect, alcohol craving, and adaptive alcohol coping), we used a time-varying effect modeling analytic approach to examine the change trajectories of alcohol abstinence, heavy drinking, the hypothesized MOBCs, and the time-varying associations between the MOBCs and alcohol outcomes.

Method: Participants ( = 181; = 50.8 years, = 10.

Emotional Betrayal From Child Sexual Abuse Measure (EBSCAM): A psychometric analysis.

Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of a new scale, the Emotional Betrayal from Child Sexual Abuse Measure (), which assesses feelings of betrayal in adult survivors of child sexual abuse (CSA). Emotional betrayal is examined with respect to the perpetrator as well as others in the survivor's immediate environment (i.e.

Pretreatment changes in drinking: A test of a tailored treatment approach.

Background: Pretreatment reductions in drinking are well documented and have been demonstrated to predict posttreatment drinking outcomes. Making use of the predictive value of pretreatment change has great appeal in settings that place a premium on efficient clinical decisions regarding appropriate type and intensity of treatment.

Methods: This study investigates whether different types and intensities of treatment are appropriate and beneficial for individuals entering treatment for an alcohol use disorder (AUD; N = 201) who make more vs.

Relationship of negative emotionality, NIAAA recovery, and 3- and 6-month drinking outcomes among adults in treatment for alcohol use disorder.

Background: The National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) recently released a new definition of recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD). A patient is considered recovered if they are remitted from DSM-5 AUD and report cessation of heavy drinking. The NIAAA has also recently proposed the Addictions Neuroclinical Assessment (ANA) to guide treatment research.

Antimicrobial Stewardship for the Infusion Nurse.

The consequences of antimicrobial overuse are complex. Censoring overuse requires strategic efforts directed at tailoring antimicrobial prescribing habits. Antimicrobial stewardship combats the negative consequences for patients and society.

Impact of Collaborative Inpatient Pairing Between Pharmacy Students and Family Medicine Residents on Perceptions of Interprofessional Care.

Introduction: Interprofessional education (IPE) and collaborative practice increasingly inform accreditation standards for pharmacy and medical education, grounded in evidence of benefits to patients and learners. Optimizing models that meaningfully provide this type of practice remains a challenge. This study examines the impact of inpatient collaboration between pharmacy students and family medicine residents on perceptions of interprofessional care.

Molecular investigation of the multi-phase photochemistry of Fe(III)-citrate in aqueous solution.

Iron (Fe) is ubiquitous in nature and found as Fe or Fe in minerals or as dissolved ions Fe or Fe in aqueous systems. The interactions of soluble Fe have important implications for fresh water and marine biogeochemical cycles, which have impacts on global terrestrial and atmospheric environments. Upon dissolution of Fe into natural aquatic systems, organic carboxylic acids efficiently chelate Fe to form [Fe-carboxylate] complexes that undergo a wide range of photochemistry-induced radical reactions.

Alexithymia disrupts emotion regulation processes and is associated with greater negative affect and alcohol problems.

Objective: Alexithymia is common among people who abuse alcohol, yet the mechanisms by which alexithymia exerts its influence remain unclear. This analysis tested a model whereby the three subscales of the Toronto Alexithymia Scale exert an indirect effect on alcohol problems through difficulties with emotion regulation and psychological distress.

Method: Men and women (n = 141) seeking alcohol use disorder (AUD) treatment completed the Toronto Alexithymia Scale, the Difficulties with Emotion Regulation Scale, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Short Inventory of Problems, and the Alcohol Dependence Scale.

Fanconi Syndrome Induced by Concomitant HIV PrEP and Tacrolimus.

Fanconi syndrome (FS) is a severe grade of drug-induced proximal tubule toxicity. There are numerous causes for acquired FS, and drug toxicity is one of the most common. FS is known to be associated with the nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF).

The Shape of Change: Determining When Mechanisms of Behavior Change Are Active in Cognitive Behavioral Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder Using Time-Varying Effect Modeling (TVEM).

Objective: Research has identified several potential mechanisms of behavior change (MOBCs) in cognitive-behavioral therapy for alcohol use disorder, including alcohol abstinence self-efficacy (AASE), negative affect (NA), and positive affect (PA). However, little is known about when MOBCs affect clinical outcomes during alcohol use disorder treatment. Such information could advance MOBC research by identifying relationships between specific treatment content and variations in MOBCs.

Spray cryotherapy prevents need for palliative stenting in patients with esophageal cancer-associated dysphagia.

Background: Dysphagia is the most common symptom in advanced esophageal cancer patients. Esophageal stent placement (SP) is a common palliation method but can be associated with significant morbidity. Limited data exist regarding the ability of spray cryotherapy (SC) prolong time to SP.

CT radiomic features of photodynamic priming in clinical pancreatic adenocarcinoma treatment.

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) offers localized focal ablation in unresectable pancreatic tumors while tissues surrounding the treatment volume experience a lower light dose, termed photodynamic priming (PDP). While PDP does not cause tissue damage, it has been demonstrated to promote vascular permeability, improve drug delivery, alleviate tumor cell density, and reduce desmoplasia and the resultant internal pressure in pre-clinical evaluation. Preclinical data supports PDP as a neoadjuvant therapy beneficial to subsequent chemotherapy or immunotherapy, yet it is challenging to quantify PDP effects in clinical treatment without additional imaging and testing.

EUS-guided verteporfin photodynamic therapy for pancreatic cancer.

Background And Aims: Locally advanced pancreatic cancer (LAPC) often causes obstruction. Verteporfin photodynamic therapy (PDT) can feasibly "debulk" the tumor more safely than noncurative surgery and has multiple advantages over older PDT agents. We aimed to assess the feasibility of EUS-guided verteporfin PDT in ablating nonresectable LAPC.

Heterogeneity in DSM-5 Symptom Criteria: Phenotypes of Alcohol Use Disorder in a Sample Seeking Alcohol Treatment.

Aims: This study sought to identify phenotypic variations among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) that may, in part, help improve the effectiveness of existing AUD interventions.

Methods: Latent class analysis was conducted to examine the potential heterogeneity of AUD in a sample (N = 220; Mage = 51.19 years, standard deviation = 9.