Endoscopic devices and techniques for the management of gastric varices (with videos).

Background And Aims: Gastric variceal bleeding occurs less commonly than bleeding from esophageal varices (EVs), although it is associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Bleeding from gastroesophageal varices type 1 (GOV1) is treated like EVs. In contrast, other forms of gastric variceal bleeding, including gastroesophageal varices type 2 (GOV2) and isolated gastric varices types 1 (IGV1) and 2 (IGV2), are treated with varying endoscopic approaches.

Lipoprotein(a) Levels in Severe Aortic Stenosis Referred for Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Compared to Controls.

Background: Limited observational reports link elevated lipoprotein(a) (Lp[a]) levels to aortic stenosis (AS) or to disease progression. Data on large cohorts of verified severe AS patients are lacking.

Objectives: The purpose of the study was to characterize Lp(a) levels of severe AS patients referred to transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) and compare them to a large cohort of Lp(a) samples derived from the general population.

Submucosal injection fluid and tattoo agents.

Background And Aims: EMR and endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) are minimally invasive endoscopic techniques, developed for the removal of benign and early malignant lesions throughout the GI tract. Submucosal injection of a marking agent can help to identify lesions during surgery. Endoscopic resection frequently involves "lifting" of the lesions by injection of a substance within the submucosal space to create a cushion for safe resection.

Patient and procedural factors associated with true histology rates in patients undergoing colonoscopy with computer-aided detection of polyps.

Background And Aims: Computer-aided detection (CADe) devices have been shown to increase adenoma detection rates and adenomas per colonoscopy compared to standard colonoscopies. Questions remain about whether CADe colonoscopies are mainly increasing the detection of small, nonneoplastic lesions or if they are detecting more pathologically meaningful polyps. In this analysis, we compare the true histology rate (defined as polyps with confirmation of clinically relevant histopathology) of CADe-identified polyps with polyps identified during standard colonoscopies.

Corrigendum: Development of new approach methods for the identification and characterization of endocrine metabolic disruptors-a PARC project.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/ftox.2023.

The Reflexive Function of Psychoanalytic Interpretation.

The act of interpretation in psychoanalysis has a distinct character due to the discursive structure of the psychoanalytic setting. The discourse that issues from the interplay of the fundamental rule and evenly suspended attention is a reflection on reflection. The result is that interpretation instead of being a device for inquiry is itself the object of inquiry.

Empyema Secondary to Pneumonia: Whom Should We Operate?

Empyema secondary to pneumonia is a common condition. A significant number of patients will require surgical intervention for drainage and decortication. The aim of this study was to identify predictive factors for surgical intervention.

Unnatural Endotype B PPAPs as Novel Compounds with Activity against .

Pre-SARS-CoV-2, tuberculosis was the leading cause of death by a single pathogen. Repetitive exposure of (Mtb) supported the development of multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains, demanding novel drugs. Hyperforin, a natural type A polyprenylated polycyclic acylphloroglucinol from St.

Adverse outcome pathway-based analysis of liver steatosis in vitro using human liver cell lines.

Here, we present an in vitro test battery to analyze chemicals for their potential to induce liver triglyceride accumulation, a hallmark of liver steatosis. We describe steps for using HepG2 and HepaRG human hepatoma cells in conjunction with a combination of several in vitro assays covering the different molecular initiating events and key events of the respective adverse outcome pathway. This protocol is suitable for assessing single substance effects as well as mixtures allowing their classification as steatotic or non-steatotic.

Endoscopist-Level and Procedure-Level Factors Associated With Increased Adenoma Detection With the Use of a Computer-Aided Detection Device.

Introduction: To investigate the impact of procedure-related and endoscopist-related factors on the effectiveness of a computer-aided detection (CADe) device in adenomas per colonoscopy (APC) detection.

Methods: The SKOUT clinical trial was conducted at 5 US sites. We present prespecified analyses of procedure-related and endoscopist-related factors, and association with APC across treatment and control cohorts.

Development of new approach methods for the identification and characterization of endocrine metabolic disruptors-a PARC project.

In past times, the analysis of endocrine disrupting properties of chemicals has mainly been focused on (anti-)estrogenic or (anti-)androgenic properties, as well as on aspects of steroidogenesis and the modulation of thyroid signaling. More recently, disruption of energy metabolism and related signaling pathways by exogenous substances, so-called metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) have come into focus. While general effects such as body and organ weight changes are routinely monitored in animal studies, there is a clear lack of mechanistic test systems to determine and characterize the metabolism-disrupting potential of chemicals.

CD22 CAR T-cell associated hematologic toxicities, endothelial activation and relationship to neurotoxicity.

Background: Hematologic toxicities, including coagulopathy, endothelial activation, and cytopenias, with CD19-targeted chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies correlate with cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and neurotoxicity severity, but little is known about the extended toxicity profiles of CAR T-cells targeting alternative antigens. This report characterizes hematologic toxicities seen following CD22 CAR T-cells and their relationship to CRS and neurotoxicity.

Methods: We retrospectively characterized hematologic toxicities associated with CRS seen on a phase 1 study of anti-CD22 CAR T-cells for children and young adults with relapsed/refractory CD22+ hematologic malignancies.

Analysis of hyperforin (St. John's wort) action at TRPC6 channel leads to the development of a new class of antidepressant drugs.

St. John's wort is an herb, long used in folk medicine for the treatment of mild depression. Its antidepressant constituent, hyperforin, has properties such as chemical instability and induction of drug-drug interactions that preclude its use for individual pharmacotherapies.

ACG-CAG provided suggestions for periendoscopic management of anticoagulants and antiplatelets.

Abraham NS, Barkun AN, Sauer BG, et al. Am J Gastroenterol. 2022;117:542-58.

Computer-Aided Detection Improves Adenomas per Colonoscopy for Screening and Surveillance Colonoscopy: A Randomized Trial.

Background & Aims: Colonoscopy for colorectal cancer screening is endoscopist dependent, and colonoscopy quality improvement programs aim to improve efficacy. This study evaluated the clinical benefit and safety of using a computer-aided detection (CADe) device in colonoscopy procedures.

Methods: This randomized study prospectively evaluated the use of a CADe device at 5 academic and community centers by US board-certified gastroenterologists (n = 22).

COVID-19 vaccination intention and behavior in a large, diverse, U.S. refugee population.

Introduction: Refugees often face increased risk of exposure to COVID-19 due to their disproportionate representation in the essential workforce and crowded household conditions. There is a paucity of data about risk factors for under-immunization for COVID-19 among refugees.

Methods: Refugees were surveyed in two phases that corresponded to before and after wide availability of COVID-19 vaccines.

Assessment of fluid unresponsiveness guided by lung ultrasound in abdominal surgery: a prospective cohort study.

A fluid challenge can generate an infraclinical interstitial syndrome that may be detected by the appearance of B-lines by lung ultrasound. Our objective was to evaluate the appearance of B-lines as a diagnostic marker of preload unresponsiveness and postoperative complications in the operating theater. We conducted a prospective, bicentric, observational study.