Coronavirus spike protein inhibits host cell translation by interaction with eIF3f.

In response to viral infection, the expression of numerous host genes, including predominantly a number of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, is usually up-regulated at both transcriptional and translational levels. It was noted that in cells infected with coronavirus, transcription and translation of some of these genes were differentially induced. Drastic induction of their expression at the transcriptional level was observed in cells infected with coronavirus.

Lead induces oxidative stress, DNA damage and alteration of p53, Bax and Bcl-2 expressions in mice.

Oxidative stress is considered as a possible molecular mechanism involved in lead toxicity. This study was carried out to investigate whether lead acetate could induce oxidative stress in mice, and the following damages as well. Lead acetate was given orally to mice for 4 weeks at doses of 0, 10, 50, 100mg/kg body weight every other day, respectively.

Reclassification of Salegentibacter catena Ying et al. 2007 as Salinimicrobium catena gen. nov., comb. nov. and description of Salinimicrobium xinjiangense sp. nov., a halophilic bacterium isolated from Xinjiang province in China.

A Gram-negative, non-motile and moderately halophilic rod-shaped bacterium, designated strain BH206(T), was isolated from a saline lake of Xinjiang province in China. The isolate showed catalase-positive and oxidase-negative reactions and did not reduce nitrate. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that the isolate was most closely related to [Salegentibacter] catena HY1(T) with 95.

Actinomycetospora chiangmaiensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Pseudonocardiaceae.

A novel actinomycete strain, YIM 0006(T), was isolated from soil of a tropical rainforest in northern Thailand. The isolate displayed the following characteristics: aerial mycelium is absent, short spore chains are formed directly on the substrate mycelium, contains meso-diaminopimelic acid, arabinose and galactose (cell-wall chemotype IV), the diagnostic phospholipid is phosphatidylcholine, MK-9(H(4)) is the predominant menaquinone and the G+C content of the genomic DNA is 69.0 mol%.

Alteration of proteins expression in apoptotic FL cells induced by MCLR.

Microcystins (MCs) are a family of monocyclic heptapeptide hepatotoxins produced by freshwater species of cyanobacteria. Microcystin-LR (MCLR) is the most frequently studied and most toxic in over 80 MC congeners. Great deals of studies have demonstrated that MCLR can induce apoptosis in a wide variety of cell types.

Nocardiopsis ganjiahuensis sp. nov., isolated from a soil from Ganjiahu, China.

An actinomycete, strain HBUM 20038(T), was isolated from soil from Ganjiahu Natural Reserve in Xinjiang Province, in north-western China, and then characterized using a polyphasic approach. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis confirmed that strain HBUM 20038(T) was a member of the genus Nocardiopsis, and the morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics of the strain were also consistent with those of species of Nocardiopsis. DNA-DNA hybridization between the strain and related type strains gave relatedness values far below 70%.

[Micirobial diversity and screening of antitumor activity of actinomycete strains from saline and alkaline environments in the Qinghai Province, P. R. China].

Soil and sediment samples were collected from saline and alkaline soils or lakes in the Qinghai Province, northwestern China. 145 actinomycete strains were isolated using Glucose-Peptone-Yeast extract agar (GPY) and ISP medium 2 agar supplemented with 1.0 - 3.

Salinicoccus salitudinis sp. nov., a new moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a saline soil sample.

A novel pale-yellow-pigmented, moderately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic, non-motile, non-spore-forming, catalase- and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic Gram-positive coccus, strain YIM-C678T was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from a hypersaline habitat in the Qaidam basin, northwest China. The organism grew at 4-37 degrees C and pH 6.0-11.

Adduction of DNA with MTBE and TBA in mice studied by accelerator mass spectrometry.

Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) is a currently worldwide used octane enhancer substituting for lead alkyls and gasoline oxygenate. Our previous study using doubly (14)C-labeled MTBE [(CH(3))(3) (14)CO(14)CH(3)] has shown that MTBE binds DNA to form DNA adducts at low dose levels in mice. To elucidate the mechanism of the binding reaction, in this study, the DNA adducts with singly (14)C-labeled MTBE, which was synthesized from (14)C-methanol and tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), or (14)C-labeled TBA in mice have been measured by ultra sensitive accelerator mass spectrometry.

Streptomyces hainanensis sp. nov., a novel member of the genus Streptomyces.

A novel isolate belonging to the genus Streptomyces, strain YIM 47672T, was obtained from soil from Hainan, an island in China. The characterization of this isolate was performed by using a polyphasic approach. The strain formed long spore chains in the aerial mycelia.

CD8(+) T cells specific for both persistent and non-persistent viruses display distinct differentiation phenotypes but have similar level of PD-1 expression in healthy Chinese individuals.

Anti-viral CD8(+) T cell responses involve an initial expansion and effector phase, followed by contraction phase and formation of CD8(+) memory T cells. During this contraction phase, increased surface expression of the negative regulator PD-1 is associated with functional exhaustion of CD8(+) T cells. Although its role in T cell suppression has been established, the importance of PD-1 in the differentiation of CD8(+) T cells remains unclear.

Salinicoccus kunmingensis sp. nov., a moderately halophilic bacterium isolated from a salt mine in Yunnan, south-west China.

A novel yellow-pigmented, non-motile, non-sporulating, catalase- and oxidase-positive, obligately aerobic, moderately halophilic, facultatively alkaliphilic Gram-positive coccus, strain YIM Y15(T), was isolated from a brine sample from a salt mine in Yunnan, south-west China. Strain YIM Y15(T) grew in the presence of 0.5-25 % (w/v) NaCl and at pH 6.

Structure, derivatization, and antitumor activity of new griseusins from Nocardiopsis sp.

Four new griseusins, 4'-dehydro-deacetylgriseusin A (1) and 2a,8a-epoxy-epi-deacetylgriseusin B (2) as new constitutional derivatives and epi-deacetylgriseusin A (3) and epi-deacetylgriseusin B (4) as new stereoisomers, were isolated from Nocardiopsis sp. (YIM80133, DSM16644). 4'-Dehydro-deacetylgriseusin A (1) showed pronounced cytotoxic potency (mean IC50 = 0.

Concordant expression of proto-oncogene promyelocytic leukemia and major histocompatibility antigen HLA class I in human hepatocellular carcinoma.

Many malignant cancer cells downregulate human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I antigen expression to evade T cell recognition. However, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is exceptional to the general findings in cancer cells, and the mechanisms for its upregulation remain unclear. It has been reported that promyelocytic leukemia (PML) proto-oncogene controls the transcription of multiple class I antigen presentation genes in murine cancer cells.

Salinicoccus luteus sp. nov., isolated from a desert soil.

A moderately halophilic bacterium, strain YIM 70202(T), was isolated from a desert soil sample collected from Egypt and was subjected to a taxonomic investigation. In a phylogenetic dendrogram based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, strain YIM 70202(T) was affiliated to the Salinicoccus clade, showing 94.5-96.

Actinomadura alba sp. nov., isolated from soil in Yunnan, China.

A novel actinomycete, strain YIM 45681(T), which was isolated from soil in a suburb of Kunming, Yunnan Province, China, was subjected to phenotypic and genotypic characterization. The micro-organism, which produces short spore chains arranged in spirals on the aerial mycelium, was shown to have meso-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall. The sugars present in whole-cell hydrolysates were ribose, xylose, galactose, madurose and glucose.

[Combined effects of antisense TBRI eukaryotic expressing plasmid and antisense TIMP-1 eukaryotic expressing plasmid on rat liver fibrosis].

Objective: To test the hypothesis that the introduction of antisense transforming growth factor beta receptor I (TBRI) plasmid and antisense tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP-1) eukaryotic expressing plasmid into a rat liver fibrosis model may influence the progression of liver fibrosis.

Methods: Fragments of TBRI cDNA and TIMP-1 cDNA were obtained by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and then amplified by nest PCR. pcDNA3.

Marrow graft rejection by repeated transfusions of allogeneic donor spleen cells.

Many hematological diseases require long-term transfusion support, which causes production of donor-reactive antibodies in sensitized recipients. Sensitized patients are at an increased risk for graft rejection when they undergo allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Here, we established a highly sensitized murine model to investigate the mechanism of donor graft rejection.

Georgenia ruanii sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium isolated from forest soil in Yunnan (China), and emended description of the genus Georgenia.

A Gram-positive, motile, short-rod-shaped strain, designated YIM 004(T), was isolated from a forest-soil sample collected from Lijiang, Yunnan Province, China, and was investigated using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. The isolate contained chemotaxonomic markers that corresponded to those of its phylogenetic neighbour, Georgenia muralis, i.e.

Streptomyces serianimatus sp. nov., isolated from a rhizophere soil.

A novel actinomycete strain, designated YIM 45720(T), was isolated from a Cephalotaxus fortunei rhizophere soil sample collected from Yunnan Province, southwest China. The strain formed well-differentiated aerial and substrate mycelia. Chemotaxonomically, it contained LL-diaminopimelic acid in the cell wall.

[Single lung transplantation with concomitant contralateral lung volume reduction for end- stage emphysema].

Objective: To evaluate the effect of single lung transplantation with concomitant contralateral lung volume reduction surgery (LVRS) for the management of end-stage emphysema.

Methods: A 46 year-old patient with end-stage emphysema received right lung transplantation and LVRS through the bilateral anterior-lateral intercostal incisions simultaneously.

Results: Hyperinflation of the native lung or mediastinal shift did not occur after the operation, and the transplanted right lung dilated well without suppression.

Streptomyces tritolerans sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from soil in Karnataka, India.

A Gram-positive, nonmotile, moderately halophilic, alkali and thermotolerant strain designated DAS 165(T), was isolated from a dry land soil sample from the Gulbarga region, Karnataka province, India. The isolate produced yellow substrate mycelia and gray aerial mycelia on most tested media. Strain DAS 165(T) showed growth in the presence of 5 to 7% NaCl and at 45 degrees C.

Zhihengliuella halotolerans gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel member of the family Micrococcaceae.

The actinobacterial strain YIM 70185(T) was isolated from a saline soil sample collected from Qinghai province, north-west China, and subjected to a taxonomic investigation. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed 93.5-96.

Garlic oil prevents tributyltin-induced oxidative damage in vivo and in vitro.

Tributyltin (TBT) can be transported to the human body by contaminated seafood. Presently, there is no known effective strategy to eliminate TBT's toxic effects from contaminated food. The present study was conducted to investigate the ability of garlic oil (GO) to prevent TBT-induced oxidative damage in vivo as well as in vitro.